Sex,sport and justice: reframing the ‘who’ of citizenship and the ‘what’ of justice in European and UK sport policy     

Cathy Devine 《Sport, Education and Society》2016,21(8):1193-1212

Universalist claims are often made about sport which is, as a consequence, increasingly written into national and international policy as an entitlement of citizenship or even human right. Further, in most countries physical education (PE) is a compulsory component of children's education, and sport is seen as central to this. Consequently, in the interests of justice sport must aspire to be egalitarian, that is, relevant to and meaningful for boys and men, and girls and women. In this context three fundamental questions are asked in relation to sport: (1) Do all citizens want to participate? (2) Who counts as a citizen? and (3) What are justice and equality? Feminist political and citizenship theory particularly the work of Pateman, Lister and Fraser is used to explore these questions and interrogate the ‘who’ of citizenship and the ‘what’ of justice in relation to framing sport policy in Europe and the UK. It is argued that notwithstanding the extensive use of the Council of Europe definition of sport,¹1. ‘“Sport” means all forms of physical activity which, through casual or organised participation, aim at expressing or improving physical fitness and mental well-being, forming social relationships or obtaining results in competition at all levels' (CE, 1992 CE. (1992/2001). European sports charter. Retrieved from https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc.jsp?Ref=Rec(92)13&;Sector=secCM&;Language=lanEnglish&;Ver=rev&;BackColorInternet=9999CC&;BackColorIntranet=FFBB55&;BackColorLogged=FFAC75 [Google Scholar]–2001 CE. (1992/2001). European sports charter. Retrieved from https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc.jsp?Ref=Rec(92)13&;Sector=secCM&;Language=lanEnglish&;Ver=rev&;BackColorInternet=9999CC&;BackColorIntranet=FFBB55&;BackColorLogged=FFAC75 [Google Scholar]). and despite or even because of the widespread adoption of the language of gender equality and gender mainstreaming, although formal sport citizenship rights might be accorded to all individuals and regarded as gender neutral, this masks a discourse of androcentric sport citizenship. This has captured European and UK sport policy and provision and is hindering further progress towards gender justice in sport and therefore PE. Given the universal and compulsory aspirations of sport particularly within PE, gender justice should be conceptualised not only as cultural recognition, political representation and economic redistribution within the normalised frame of competitive performance sport or ‘sport for sports sake’; but also as a critical meta-political remapping and reframing of sport as sport and physical recreation or ‘sport for all’.  相似文献   

德国职业教育对工业4.0的回应: 提升劳动者数字能力     

陈莹 《比较教育研究》2019,41(6):90-97

在工业4.0时代,劳动者驾驭智能化新型工业生产模式的数字能力成为实现国家发展策略的关键因素。因此,德国政府将劳动者数字能力培养提高到了战略层面并出台系列措施进行战略部署,包括:开展大型研究项目对工业4.0背景下数字能力概念的维度和内容进行深入解读;在分析实践困境的基础上,对企业、跨企业培训中心和职业学校各大办学主体分别给予扶持;参照工业4.0带来的全新任务领域对各个职业教育专业标准进行修订等。劳动者数字能力培养体现了在"人与机器"关系中以人为本的价值取向,代表了工业4.0背景下德国职业教育的改革重点和发展趋势,同时也凸显了德国政府顶层设计的作用。  相似文献   

Active recovery of the finger flexors enhances intermittent handgrip performance in rock climbers     

Jiří Baláš  David Giles  Jan Kodejška  Michaela Panáčková  Simon Fryer 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(7):764-772

This study aimed to (1) evaluate the effect of hand shaking during recovery phases of intermittent testing on the time–force characteristics of performance and muscle oxygenation, and (2) assess inter-individual variability in the time to achieve the target force during intermittent testing in rock climbers. Twenty-two participants undertook three finger flexor endurance tests at 60% of their maximal voluntary contraction until failure. Performances of a sustained contraction and two intermittent contractions, each with different recovery strategies, were analysed by time–force parameters and near-infrared spectroscopy. Recovery with shaking of the forearm beside the body led to a significantly greater intermittent test time (↑ 22%, P?P?P?相似文献   

对高等教育市场化的思考          下载免费PDF全文

李富明 《惠州学院学报》2004,24(1):62-65

对高等教育市场化因素进行分析, 同时指出加快高等教育市场化的关键问题,并指出高等教育市场化进程中要处理的几个关系。  相似文献   

对我国学校体育概念和作用的初探     

薛怡敏 《辽宁科技学院学报》2003,5(2):67-68,71

我国的学校体育是全面发展教育的组成部分，是培养社会所需要人才的重要内容。论述了学校体育与体育运动的区别和联系；学校体育的作用以及对学校体育的建议。  相似文献   

在"快乐足球"教学中培养高职学生的职业素质     

卢洋  王祥 《武汉职业技术学院学报》2007,6(2):107-109

学生对体育运动有无兴趣,直接影响他们进行体育锻炼的自觉性和极积性,也决定着体育知识的掌握和技能的形成。“快乐足球”教学能促进学生把学习与足球有关的知识视为自身的需要,积极开展足球活动,刻苦进行锻炼,从而提高各类专业人才的基本素质。  相似文献   

Exploring Division-I Student-Athletes’ Memorable Messages From Their Anticipatory Socialization     

Gregory A. Cranmer  Scott A. Myers 《Communication quarterly》2017,65(2):125-143

This study explored the socialization of 118 Division-I student-athletes via the topics of memorable messages that they received prior to their arrival on campus. Ten topics were identified (i.e., desirable attitudes, hard work, physical skill or ability, opportunities, pride, inclusion, challenges, athletes as symbols, the importance of education, and the duration of college athletics) using first cycle coding and were subsequently categorized as either addressing the characteristics or experiences of collegiate student-athletes using second cycle coding. These findings continue to demonstrate that characteristics and experiences associated with roles are prevalent within athletes’ memorable messages but also highlight the inherent ambiguity and the contradictions regarding how to use these messages and balance the dual roles of being a student-athlete. This study provides a novel communicative lens for understanding athlete socialization but underscores the need to recognize receivers’ processing and application of memorable messages.  相似文献   

Sport,Homelessness, and Capability: Voices from the Street     

Grant Jarvie  Susan Ahrens 《Quest (Human Kinetics)》2019,71(2):239-251

ABSTRACT

To what extent does soccer increase the capability of the homeless and those living on the street? This study addresses this question by focusing on the ways in which the Homeless World Cup and Street Soccer (Scotland) have impacted upon the lives of some individuals. Primary source data obtained from a series of interviews are situated within Sen’s capability approach to social choice theory. The implications of the study contribute to policy by supporting the idea that sport can contribute as a resource of hope through the development of capability that impacts upon life chances and choices. It adds to a growing number of applied studies of sport that have critically used the work of Sen and it advances the way in which this body of work has been utilized in sport and related areas.  相似文献   

《操作系统》教学中的几点思考   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张桂兰  冯玲  许涛 《山东电大学报》2007,(4):65-67

《操作系统》是计算机专业的核心理论课之一,无论在教学、科研中还是软件产业及国家信息安全中都处于非常重要的地位。通过针对目前学生学习现状和特点的分析,结合自己的教学经验,提出了一些建议。  相似文献   

跨国公司对印度汽车制造业的技术转移及其对我国的启示   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨文武  戴江涛 《科学．经济．社会》2006,24(2):32-36

1991年改革之后的印度,跨国汽车制造公司把先进技术和科学的管理理念带给印度本土的汽车制造业,大大地提高了印度本土企业的技术、管理水平和市场竞争能力。印度汽车制造业利用跨国公司技术转移的成功经验对于中国汽车制造业具有较大的可鉴之处。  相似文献