Socialisation into organised sports of young adolescents with a lower socio-economic status     

Niek Pot  Jan Verbeek  Joris van der Zwan  Ivo van Hilvoorde 《Sport, Education and Society》2016,21(3):319-338

Studies investigating sport socialisation often focussed on the barriers for youngsters from lower socio-economic status (SES) families to participate in sport. In the present study, the socialisation into sports of young adolescents from lower SES families that do participate in organised sports was investigated. A total of 9 girls and 12 boys from lower SES families (18 Dutch; three foreign ethnic background) from one city in the Netherlands who participated in organised sport were interviewed. Although multiple agents may be of influence on the socialisation process, this study was limited to the family, school and peers as potential socialising contexts. Drawing on the theoretical work of Bourdieu and Bernstein, parents were found to be the main influencers of the sports habitus of these young adolescents. The school context appeared to have no influence on their sport socialisation. Peers were found to have an influence on the choice for a specific type of sport. This interplay between socialising contexts for young adolescents from lower SES families is similar to the sport socialisation of youngsters from higher SES families. Therefore, it is suggested that if sport socialisation takes place, then the role of SES is less pronounced than often assumed. Moreover, there seem to be differences in the relative importance of the socialising contexts with younger children with a lower SES. Therefore, it is hypothesised that the relative importance of socialising agents changes over time. Although the findings may be limited to the specific sample of this study, they provide hypotheses that challenge the often-presumed importance of SES if sport socialisation takes place.  相似文献   

Exposing the dark side,an exploration of the influence social capital has upon parental sports volunteers     

Colin Grant Whittaker  David Holland-Smith 《Sport, Education and Society》2016,21(3):356-373

This study explored the influence social capital had over parental sports volunteers who are considered to be of paramount importance in the delivery of UK sports initiatives. A review of the relevant literature identifies and discusses the complexities within the debate to define social capital while human and cultural capital emerge as an essential element in the production of parental volunteers’ ability to access opportunities through a process of bonding or bridging social networks. This study used a grounded research focused on the use of semi-structured interviews and research diaries with (n = 8) study participants. The results from this study, which were analysed through a Bourdieuan perspective, suggested the process that recruits parental volunteers is exclusive; furthermore, the results show the insidious presences of the dark side of social capital, which affected the respondents by reinforcing exclusive ties and identities, which was found to exclude outsiders while reproducing a dominant social hierarchy. The paper concludes by considering the implications of the study for future practical and academic applications of social capital production within sports volunteerism.  相似文献   

“Sport for Development” in developing countries: The case of the Vilas Olímpicas do Rio de Janeiro     

《Sport Management Review》2016,19(2):107-119

The benefits of sport for general social outcomes has permeated sport policy in Brazil since the beginning of the twentieth century, but recently the jargon of “development through sport” is more overtly informing public policy and government action in this field. Despite increased uptake of the positive discourse of “sport as a development tool”, the reality for government-funded and -run “sport for development” programs is one far removed from enjoying the attention and financial investment needed to reach their stated development goals. This paper focuses on one such program: the Vilas Olímpicas do Rio de Janeiro. When analysing the specific matters associated with the management of this program three themes were identified that encapsulate the main issues that emerged during the analysis: partnerships, conflicting aims, and community involvement. These themes are analysed in light of the literature that discusses the application of “sport for development” programs worldwide and we conclude with some questions on the applicability of well-defined frameworks and approaches to such programs when these programs themselves tend to operate in very ill-defined and unstable environments.  相似文献   

Sex,sport and justice: reframing the ‘who’ of citizenship and the ‘what’ of justice in European and UK sport policy     

Cathy Devine 《Sport, Education and Society》2016,21(8):1193-1212

Universalist claims are often made about sport which is, as a consequence, increasingly written into national and international policy as an entitlement of citizenship or even human right. Further, in most countries physical education (PE) is a compulsory component of children's education, and sport is seen as central to this. Consequently, in the interests of justice sport must aspire to be egalitarian, that is, relevant to and meaningful for boys and men, and girls and women. In this context three fundamental questions are asked in relation to sport: (1) Do all citizens want to participate? (2) Who counts as a citizen? and (3) What are justice and equality? Feminist political and citizenship theory particularly the work of Pateman, Lister and Fraser is used to explore these questions and interrogate the ‘who’ of citizenship and the ‘what’ of justice in relation to framing sport policy in Europe and the UK. It is argued that notwithstanding the extensive use of the Council of Europe definition of sport,¹1. ‘“Sport” means all forms of physical activity which, through casual or organised participation, aim at expressing or improving physical fitness and mental well-being, forming social relationships or obtaining results in competition at all levels' (CE, 1992 CE. (1992/2001). European sports charter. Retrieved from https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc.jsp?Ref=Rec(92)13&;Sector=secCM&;Language=lanEnglish&;Ver=rev&;BackColorInternet=9999CC&;BackColorIntranet=FFBB55&;BackColorLogged=FFAC75 [Google Scholar]–2001 CE. (1992/2001). European sports charter. Retrieved from https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc.jsp?Ref=Rec(92)13&;Sector=secCM&;Language=lanEnglish&;Ver=rev&;BackColorInternet=9999CC&;BackColorIntranet=FFBB55&;BackColorLogged=FFAC75 [Google Scholar]). and despite or even because of the widespread adoption of the language of gender equality and gender mainstreaming, although formal sport citizenship rights might be accorded to all individuals and regarded as gender neutral, this masks a discourse of androcentric sport citizenship. This has captured European and UK sport policy and provision and is hindering further progress towards gender justice in sport and therefore PE. Given the universal and compulsory aspirations of sport particularly within PE, gender justice should be conceptualised not only as cultural recognition, political representation and economic redistribution within the normalised frame of competitive performance sport or ‘sport for sports sake’; but also as a critical meta-political remapping and reframing of sport as sport and physical recreation or ‘sport for all’.  相似文献   

Active recovery of the finger flexors enhances intermittent handgrip performance in rock climbers     

Jiří Baláš  David Giles  Jan Kodejška  Michaela Panáčková  Simon Fryer 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(7):764-772

This study aimed to (1) evaluate the effect of hand shaking during recovery phases of intermittent testing on the time–force characteristics of performance and muscle oxygenation, and (2) assess inter-individual variability in the time to achieve the target force during intermittent testing in rock climbers. Twenty-two participants undertook three finger flexor endurance tests at 60% of their maximal voluntary contraction until failure. Performances of a sustained contraction and two intermittent contractions, each with different recovery strategies, were analysed by time–force parameters and near-infrared spectroscopy. Recovery with shaking of the forearm beside the body led to a significantly greater intermittent test time (↑ 22%, P?P?P?相似文献   

大学英语开放型教学在艺术类专业中的应用     

陈明瑞  杜洁 《江西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2007,40(3):142-144

高校艺术类专业学生的英语基础普遍薄弱,水平参差不齐,并且在英语学习的过程中,容易产生厌学和学习畏难情绪。要改善现状应把现代开放型教学理念作为教学指导思想,充分利用当今先进的信息教育技术,改变传统的教学模式和方式方法,以师生互动的形式促进学生的学习积极性和主动性,从而提高学生的英语水平,以达到提升教学质量的目的。  相似文献   

对我国学校体育概念和作用的初探     

薛怡敏 《辽宁科技学院学报》2003,5(2):67-68,71

我国的学校体育是全面发展教育的组成部分，是培养社会所需要人才的重要内容。论述了学校体育与体育运动的区别和联系；学校体育的作用以及对学校体育的建议。  相似文献   

远程开放教育英语口语能力培养模式初探     

刘红英 《湖南广播电视大学学报》2003,(1):14-15

远程开放教育教与学在时空上的分离，学员处于相对离散状态，给英语专业学员口语能力培养带来一定的困难。为提高人才培养质量，加强学员英语运用能力，应利用英语沙龙、电子邮箱、课前十分钟、小组学习等建立一套和远程开放教育英语专业教与学特点相适应的口语能力培养模式。  相似文献   

在"快乐足球"教学中培养高职学生的职业素质     

卢洋  王祥 《武汉职业技术学院学报》2007,6(2):107-109

学生对体育运动有无兴趣,直接影响他们进行体育锻炼的自觉性和极积性,也决定着体育知识的掌握和技能的形成。“快乐足球”教学能促进学生把学习与足球有关的知识视为自身的需要,积极开展足球活动,刻苦进行锻炼,从而提高各类专业人才的基本素质。  相似文献   

市场营销专业人才培养及课程体系建设探索   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

李轶敏 《湘潭师范学院学报(社会科学版)》2004,26(6):149-151

应用型本科院校市场营销专业人才培养模式,就是要培养"厚基础、宽专业、强能力、有专长"的人才。为实现人才培养目标,必须在课程设置、教学方法和手段、实践教学环节及考核制度等方面进行改革。  相似文献