智障成年人参加特奥运动效能评价的实证研究     

吴雪萍 《上海体育学院学报》2012,36(3):50-52,69

选取上海市171名智障成年人进行1年的特奥运动训练,并运用《智障成年人运动效能评价量表》进行测试和对比。结果显示:参与特奥运动后,智障成年人在基本体育运动能力、体育运动中的心理过程和适应行为等方面均取得一定进步。认为:参与特奥运动是智障成年人改善生活状态、提高生活质量和适应社会的有效手段。  相似文献   

预防老年人失能的体育干预研究     

周霞  冯力 《精武》2012,(19):12-13

老龄化和高龄化问题产生也还渐加大了失能老年人口规模。如何有效减缓失能老人增长速度成为拄在政府面前的又一项重大课题。众多科学研究证实,体育锻炼能够推迟衰老的速度,提高健康水平,有效预防疾病。本文立足于根据对失能人口当前形势做出列断并分析其原因。发现我圈在解决失能老年人问题上存在很大的漏洞。因此本文通过对老年人体质的分析。得出适合老年人锻炼的体育项目并提出了一些如何解决失能老年人问题的措施。从而提高全体国民的生活质量,微到“老少兼顾”促进和谐社会的繁荣发展。  相似文献   

重庆体育专业学生实行自我妨碍与学习成绩的相关性研究     

王梅  洪毅 《重庆职业技术学院学报》2010,19(2):75-77

对重庆市五所高校体育专业一、二、三年级的240名学生的自我妨碍与学习成绩进行调查研究,结果发现：一、二年级学生学习成绩优秀者与不良者采用自我妨碍策略存在显著差异;三年级学生学习成绩优秀者与不良者采用自我妨碍策略不存在显著差异：学习成绩不良与自我妨碍预测因素即自我效能感、智力责任归因、自尊、抑郁存在相关,与惧怕否定不存在显著相关等。  相似文献   

Testing the double-deficit hypothesis in an adult sample     

Miller CJ  Miller SR  Bloom JS  Jones L  Lindstrom W  Craggs J  Garcia-Barrera M  Semrud-Clikeman M  Gilger JW  Hynd GW 《Annals of dyslexia》2006,56(1):83-102

The double-deficit hypothesis of dyslexia posits that reading deficits are more severe in individuals with weaknesses in phonological awareness and rapid naming than in individuals with deficits in only one of these reading composite skills. In this study, the hypothesis was tested in an adult sample as a model of reading achievement. Participants were parents of children referred for evaluation of reading difficulties. Approximately half of all participants reported difficulty learning to read in childhood and a small subset demonstrated ongoing weaknesses in reading. Structural equation modeling results suggest that the double-deficit hypothesis is an accurate model for understanding adult reading achievement. Better reading achievement was associated with better phonological awareness and faster rapid automatized naming in adults. Posthoc analyses indicated that individuals with double deficits had significantly lower reading achievement than individuals with single deficits or no deficits.  相似文献   

Genes, environment, and dyslexia the 2005 Norman Geschwind memorial lecture     

Olson RK 《Annals of dyslexia》2006,56(2):205-238

This article presents an overview of some methods and results from our continuing studies of genetic and environmental influences on dyslexia, and on individual differences across the normal range that have been conducted over the past 25 years in the Colorado Learning Disabilities Research Center (CLDRC) and in related projects. CLDRC investigators compare the similarities of identical twin pairs who share all their genes and fraternal twins who share half their segregating genes to assess the balance of genetic, shared family environment, and nonshared environment influences on dyslexia and on individual differences across the normal range. We have learned that among the children we have studied in Colorado, group deficits in reading (dyslexia) and individual differences in reading across the normal range are primarily due to genetic influences, and these genetic influences are often shared with some of the same genetic influences on deficits and individual differences in language and ADHD. We have also learned from our molecular-genetic linkage studies that there are regions on several chromosomes likely to contain genes that influence dyslexia. Several specific genes within these regions have been tentatively identified through molecular-genetic association analyses, but much more research is needed to understand the pathways among specific genes, regions of noncoding DNA that regulate the activity of those genes, the brain, and dyslexia. I conclude with a discussion of our research on individual differences in early reading development, on the role of early learning constraints in dyslexia, and on how genetic influences are expressed through their interaction and correlation with the environment.  相似文献   

From special to inclusive education in Macau (SAR)     

Chris Forlin 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2013,17(4):433-443

The education for learners with special education needs (SEN) in Macau (SAR), China, has gradually transitioned over the past 30 years from a completely segregated approach to a more inclusive one. Following a review of the development of special education and the transition towards inclusion in Macau, consideration is given to the enactment of inclusive education in mainstream schools. Interviews with the leaders in a primary and secondary mainstream government school in Macau outline the ways in which learners with SEN are included in mainstream schools. The discussion focuses on a range of issues regarding the inclusion movement in Macau, including management, schooling and the inclusive model that is applied.  相似文献   

From absent to active voices: securing disability equality within higher education     

Karen Beauchamp-Pryor 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2013,17(3):283-295

This article discusses the representation and participation of disabled students in the development of higher education policy and provision within the UK, at both a national and institutional level. Findings are drawn from a doctoral study, which identified the importance of student participation in securing equality and inclusion. Power relationships and established boundaries are explored to ascertain how vocal disabled students are in these processes. Questions are addressed in terms of the genuineness and effectiveness of participatory approaches, identifying those barriers that are likely to impede the process. These include the influence of dominant ideology, professional expertise and attitudes towards the capability of disabled students. All are important when considering the increased rights of disabled people.  相似文献   

Solomon Islands school leaders readiness for inclusive education     

Beth A. Ferri 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2013,17(8):863-880

In this paper, I critically examine the discourse surrounding response to intervention (RTI), a US-based education reform that has garnered a considerable amount of attention (as well as controversy) in a very short amount of time. A multi-pronged reform effort, RTI is a tiered approach to delivering instructional intervention to students at risk, an on-going and systematic model of monitoring student performance, as well as an alternative to the ability/achievement discrepancy model for identifying learning disabilities. In this paper, I argue, however, that RTI is not so much a reform but a tactic, aimed at returning to the status quo of segregated special education and reinvigorating many of the foundational assumptions of traditional special education practice.  相似文献   

Thrice disabling disability: enabling inclusive,socially just teacher education     

S. Anthony Thompson 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2013,17(1):99-117

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Challenging control: inclusive teachers’ and teaching assistants’ discourse on students with challenging behaviour     

Fernanda T. Orsati  Julie Causton-Theoharis 《International Journal of Inclusive Education》2013,17(5):507-525

Describing students with disabilities as presenting ‘challenging behaviour’ is common in US schools. The purpose of this paper is to reveal the discourse utilised by teachers in order to understand their beliefs and practices surrounding young students considered to present challenging behaviour. This study examines teachers’ language in four ways: which discourses they draw from, the consequences of engaging in the discourse on practice, what maintains the use of such discourse and finally the possibilities for change. The critical discourse analysis unpacked that teachers begin labelling the students as challenging, not the behaviour. Consequences of this thinking emerged as teachers excluded the students, or what they consider ‘the problems’ from the classroom. Exclusion was found to be the ‘necessary’ response when control is prioritised in the classroom. In sum, the discourse of control is available for shaping how teachers understand and support students. Developing a relationship with students empowers teachers to see past the labels, the control discourse, and truly support students in inclusive classrooms. Finally, implications for practice are shared to improve the experience of inclusive education for both student and teacher.  相似文献