徽州土改后出卖田地的法律凭证--徽州休宁北山乡土改后的田地卖契研究之二     

汪柏树 《黄山学院学报》2004,6(5):30-34

土地房产所有证是土地改革后出卖田地的法律凭证.文章以徽州休宁北山乡土改后的田地卖契为根据,阐述了土地房产所有证的三个方面的法律凭证作用.  相似文献   

论民事证据理念的转变--兼谈民事诉讼证据新规定的发展     

石先钰 《华中师范大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2004,43(1):102-106

与此前的立法与司法解释相比,证据新《规定》有了较大的发展,我们的民事证据理念也应当有相应的转变。树立法律真实、私法自治的理念,全面正确理解举证责任的含义和实质。引入高度盖然性原理与法官心证原则,采用直接、言词证人证言方式。  相似文献   

协同主义诉讼模式下律师调查令制度完善进路研究          下载免费PDF全文

林经霖 《唐山学院学报》2023,36(1):61-68

律师调查令制度在实际运行中效果不佳,其推行面临着诸多困境,究其原因在于证据收集各主体偏离了各自的功能定位,从而造成相互协作程度不高。协同主义诉讼模式为律师调查令运作过程中各主体的协作提供了正当性基础,要求各主体通力协作以发现案件客观真相,实现纠纷的妥当解决。基于此,协同主义诉讼模式下律师调查令制度完善的逻辑进路在于,通过规范律师取证行为、建立部门联动协调机制、明确案外人的证据协力义务、推动其法定化及法官适时行使释明权来提高各主体的协同配合能力,最终实现律师调查令制度在我国应用的稳慎推动。  相似文献   

The Citation Cloud of a biomedical article: a free,public, web-based tool enabling citation analysis     

Neil R. Smalheiser  Jodi Schneider  Vetle I. Torvik  Dean P. Fragnito  Eric E. Tirk 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2022,110(1):103

Background:An article''s citations are useful for finding related articles that may not be readily found by keyword searches or textual similarity. Citation analysis is also important for analyzing scientific innovation and the structure of the biomedical literature. We wanted to facilitate citation analysis for the broad community by providing a user-friendly interface for accessing and analyzing citation data for biomedical articles.Case Presentation:We seeded the Citation Cloud dataset with over 465 million open access citations culled from six different sources: PubMed Central, Microsoft Academic Graph, ArnetMiner, Semantic Scholar, Open Citations, and the NIH iCite dataset. We implemented a free, public extension to PubMed that allows any user to visualize and analyze the entire citation cloud around any paper of interest A: the set of articles cited by A, those which cite A, those which are co-cited with A, and those which are bibliographically coupled to A.Conclusions:Citation Cloud greatly enables the study of citations by the scientific community, including relatively advanced analyses (co-citations and bibliographic coupling) that cannot be undertaken using other available tools. The tool can be accessed by running any PubMed query on the Anne O''Tate value-added search interface and clicking on the Citations button next to any retrieved article.  相似文献   

Assessing approaches to learning with nonparametric multidimensional scaling     

Gerald Knezek  David Gibson  Rhonda Christensen  Ottavia Trevisan  Morgan Carter 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2023,54(1):126-141

This article reports on a trace-based assessment of approaches to learning used by middle school aged children who interacted with NASA Mars Mission science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) games in Whyville, an online game environment with 8 million registered young learners. The learning objectives of two games included awareness and knowledge of NASA missions, developing knowledge and skills of measurement and scaling, applying measurement for planetary comparisons in the solar system. Trace data from 1361 interactions were analysed with nonparametric multidimensional scaling methods, which permitted visual examination and statistical validation, and provided an example and proof of concept for the multidimensional scaling approach to analysis of time-based behavioural data from a game or simulation. Differences in approach to learning were found illustrating the potential value of the methodology to curriculum and game-based learning designers as well as other creators of online STEM content for pre-college youth. The theoretical framework of the method and analysis makes use of the Epistemic Network Analysis toolkit as a post hoc data exploration platform, and the discussion centres on issues of semantic interpretation of interaction end-states and the application of evidence centred design in post hoc analysis.

Practitioner notes

What is already known about this topic

• Educational game play has been demonstrated to positively affect learning performance and learning persistence.
• Trace-based assessment from digital learning environments can focus on learning outcomes and processes drawn from user behaviour and contextual data.
• Existing approaches used in learning analytics do not (fully) meet criteria commonly used in psychometrics or for different forms of validity in assessment, even though some consider learning analytics a form of assessment in the broadest sense.
• Frameworks of knowledge representation in trace-based research often include concepts from cognitive psychology, education and cognitive science.

What this paper adds

• To assess skills-in-action, stronger connections of learning analytics with educational measurement can include parametric and nonparametric statistics integrated with theory-driven modelling and semantic network analysis approaches widening the basis for inferences, validity, meaning and understanding from digital traces.
• An expanded methodological foundation is offered for analysis in which nonparametric multidimensional scaling, multimodal analysis, epistemic network analysis and evidence-centred design are combined.

Implications for practice and policy

• The new foundations are suggested as a principled, theory-driven, embedded data collection and analysis framework that provides structure for reverse engineering of semantics as well as pre-planning frameworks that support creative freedom in the processes of creation of digital learning environments.

  相似文献   

区域科技人才开发效率测算及时空差异分析     

吕一清  童谣  黄昱 《科技管理研究》2023,(5):117-126

为探索国家启动科技人才队伍建设计划以来区域科技人才开放效率的时空变异特征和规律，采用考虑非期望产出的SBM模型、DEA-Malmquist模型、Moran’Ⅰ模型，从静动态视角测度和剖析中国区域科技人才开放效率的时空变化和空间相关性特点，并采用空间计量模型进行空间溢出效应验证。研究结果表明，从静态来看，2016年后越来越多地区科技人才开放效率值达到有效水平；从动态来看，Malmquist生产率总体上升1.1%,2015年后科技人才开放效率值均明显改善；总体上，科技人才开放效率表现出空间集聚性和相关性较弱的特征，在直接效应层面，经济发展水平、制度环境、金融支持对科技人才开发效率均具有显著正相关特征。基于此，提出提升区域科技人才开放水平的政策建议。  相似文献   

刑事缺席审判中的证据规则研究——以境外追逃追赃为视角          下载免费PDF全文

顾佳浩 《唐山学院学报》2021,33(5):78-88

在外逃型缺席审判中正确适用证据规则，不仅有助于我国境外追逃追赃工作的顺利进行，而且有利于被告人的权利保障。然而，既存制度下的证据规则存在适用疑难，包括启动缺席审判的控方证明责任过重、被告人放弃出庭的自愿性推定规则失当、非法证据排除规则的法律适用不明和域外证据的鉴真规则粗疏。因此，应当基于公正与效率的动态平衡、权利放弃理论兼顾价值权衡理论、尊重他国司法主权、精细化的"智慧司法"这四项基本理念，适当减轻启动缺席审判程序的控方证明责任，完善被告人放弃出庭的自愿性推定规则，区分证据取得和证据使用的阶段性概念，并构建和细化智慧鉴真规则，从而实现证据规则在缺席审判中的规范合理适用。  相似文献