武汉体育学院学生身体素质测试指标、方法和结果研究     

程序  程茜  马良宏 《武汉体育学院学报》2005,39(12):82-84

研究分析武汉体育学院学生身体素质测试指标、方法、过程与结果。结合体育院校学生特点,对学生身体素质指标进行了测试,并就选择学生身体素质测试的原则、依据、测试指标的构建和方法的确立等进行探讨。制订身体素质测试指标和评价标准,结果表明:学生身体素质测试指标与评价标准符合在校学生身体素质的实际,达到了预期的目的与效果。  相似文献   

苏南小城镇全民健身工程(点)投资社会效益探析   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

耿香玲  司荣贵  东芬  黄雄  王庆贤 《西安体育学院学报》2006,23(4):23-25,29

苏南小城镇全民健身工程(点)投资社会效益总体来说比较好,表现为体育设施利用比较充分、体育服务开展的比较好、参加体育锻炼的人数比较多、体育健身器材配置比较合理有效等诸多方面。但是,由于种种原因,苏南小城镇全民健身工程(点)投资社会效益发挥的还不够理想,主管部门和相关单位应采取加大投资力度,加强管理,重视体育社会指导员建设,增强居民健身意识等措施提高苏南小城镇全民健身工程的投资社会效益。  相似文献   

全民健身国家战略背景下南京加快世界体育名城建设 的机遇与路径研究     

唐鹏  谢正阳  丁宏 《南京体育学院学报(社会科学版)》2016,(5):63-68

建设体育城市已成为许多国家或地区获取更大发展空间的战略性选择.基于全民健身上升为国家战略的总体背景,运用文献法、逻辑分析和城市规划理论等研究方法,通过对体育城市建设发展理论研究的深入分析,阐明了世界体育名城建设对南京提升人民生活品质、促进经济转型升级和提升城市国际影响力具有重要的战略意义,并分析了南京加快建设世界体育名城的基础条件和存在问题,最后提出引进重大赛事、提升体育参与度、培育体育龙头企业和品牌、发展青少年体育、深化体育管理体制改革等建设路径的设想,以期对我国其他体育城市建设有所启示和借鉴.  相似文献   

文化视野下的我国三大球发展困境及其出路     

王建伟  黄继珍 《广州体育学院学报》2016,(6):68-73

在文化视角下对我国三大球的发展困境及其出路进行了回眸与反思。提出文化视野下我国三大球的发展困境主要体现在，精神文化层面：“金牌战略”的核心价值理念错误引导、我国传统文化思想的束缚、三大球文化创新意识和能力缺乏；制度文化层面：举国体制的时效性下降、人才培养模式单一、行政管理体制存在弊端；物质文化层面：三大球联赛职业化水平低、专业队伍建设及后备人才匮乏、教练员数量和质量限制。三大球的发展出路体现在精神文化层面培养政府和民众的三大球精神文化自觉意识；制度文化层面通过制度创新激活三大球自主创新的活力；物质文化层面推进三大球的市场化、职业化与产业化进程，凝聚复兴的物质力量。  相似文献   

Childhood Physical Fitness and Performance as Predictors of High School Sport Participation     

Rebecca A. Battista  Erin D Bouldin  Karin A. Pfeiffer  Christine E. Pacewicz  Shannon R Siegel  Eric M. Martin 《Measurement in physical education and exercise science》2021,25(1):43-52

ABSTRACT

Participation in youth sport is positively associated with physical fitness and performance. The purpose of the current study was to examine if physical fitness measures during childhood and early adolescence predicted high school sport participation. Participants included youth in the Michigan State University Motor Performance Study. Measures consisted of the endurance shuttle run, Wells sit-and-reach, jump and reach, standing long jump, agility shuttle run and 30-yard dash. Individual, generalized estimating equation models were used to estimate the association between each measure and the odds of participating in high school sport. For both sexes, the endurance shuttle run and agility shuttle run were related to sport participation. For boys only, the long jump and 30-yard dash were also associated with sport participation. Better physical fitness and performance across several dimensions in childhood, including those related to motor skills, enhanced the likelihood of sport participation in high school.  相似文献   

The effects of short versus long inter-set rest intervals in resistance training on measures of muscle hypertrophy: A systematic review     

Jozo Grgic  Bruno Lazinica  Pavle Mikulic  James W. Krieger  Brad Jon Schoenfeld 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(8):983-993

Although the effects of short versus long inter-set rest intervals in resistance training on measures of muscle hypertrophy have been investigated in several studies, the findings are equivocal and the practical implications remain unclear. In an attempt to provide clarity on the topic, we performed a systematic literature search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) electronic databases. Six studies were found to have met the inclusion criteria: (a) an experimental trial published in an English-language peer-reviewed journal; (b) the study compared the use of short (≤60?s) to long (>60?s) inter-set rest intervals in a traditional dynamic resistance exercise using both concentric and eccentric muscle actions, with the only difference in resistance training among groups being the inter-set rest interval duration; (c) at least one method of measuring changes in muscle mass was used in the study; (d) the study lasted for a minimum of four weeks, employed a training frequency of ≥2 resistance training days per week, and (e) used human participants without known chronic disease or injury. Current evidence indicates that both short and long inter-set rest intervals may be useful when training for achieving gains in muscle hypertrophy. Novel findings involving trained participants using measures sensitive to detect changes in muscle hypertrophy suggest a possible advantage for the use of long rest intervals to elicit hypertrophic effects. However, due to the paucity of studies with similar designs, further research is needed to provide a clear differentiation between these two approaches.  相似文献   

The relative age effect on physical fitness in preschool children     

Rocío Cupeiro  Miguel A. Rojo-Tirado  Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez  Enrique G. Artero  Ana B. Peinado  Idoia Labayen 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(13):1506-1515

ABSTRACT

The aim of the present study was to investigate the existence of a relative age effect (RAE) on physical fitness of preschoolers. Anthropometry and physical fitness were assessed in 3147 children (3–5 years old) using the PREFIT battery. Based on the birth year, participants were divided into 3year groups (3-, 4- and 5-years). Within each year group, 4quarter groups were created: quarter 1, preschoolers born from January to March; quarter 2, from April to June; quarter 3, from July to September; quarter 4, from October to December. The MANCOVA analysis revealed a main effect of year group (Wilks’ λ = 0.383; F_10,5996 = 369.64; p < 0.001, η_p ² = 0.381) and of quarter (Wilks’ λ = 0.874; F_15,8276.6 = 27.67; p < 0.001; η_p ² = 0.044) over the whole battery of tests. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report the existence of RAE at the preschool stage. In general, performance improved as the relative age increased (i.e., those born in quarter 1 performed better than those in the other quarters). Individualization strategies should be addressed within the same academic year not only in elementary or secondary years but also in preschoolers.  相似文献   

Effectiveness of physical education to promote motor competence in primary school children     

Vítor P. Lopes  David F. Stodden  Luis P. Rodrigues 《Physical Education & Sport Pedagogy》2017,22(6):589-602

Background: Motor skill (MS) competence is an important contributing factor for healthy development.

Purpose: The goal was to test the effectiveness of primary school physical education (PE) on MS and physical fitness (PF) development.

Methods: Three classes (n?=?60, aged 9.0?±?0.9) were randomly assigned to three diverse conditions during a school year: two PE lessons/week (PE-2), three PE lessons/week (PE-3), and no PE lessons control group (CG). BMI, skinfolds, PF (9-min run/walk, sit-up, modified pull-ups), gymnastics, soccer, handball, basketball and track-and-field skills were evaluated. Effect sizes (d) were reported as magnitude of change.

Results: Skinfolds significantly increased only in CG (d?=?1.21). PF composite z-scores improved in PE-3 (d?=?0.61), but decreased in PE-2 (d?=?0.57), and had no changes in CG. Statistically significant improvement was verified in gymnastics and handball skills in both experimental groups (gymnastic: d?=?2.95 and d?=?2.61 for PE-3 and PE-2, respectively; handball: d?=?1.87 and d?=?0.57 for PE-3 and PE-2, respectively), and no changes were seen in CG. In soccer, there were improvements only in the PE-3 (d?=?0.55), and in basketball only in PE-2 (d?=?0.46). There were no changes in any group for track-and-field skills.

Conclusions: PE programs can effectively promote PF and MS development.  相似文献   

Small Nation,Big Sport: Basque Ball – Its Past and Present Cultural Meanings for the Basques     

Bartosz Prabucki 《国际体育史杂志》2017,34(10):943-956

Abstract

The Basques are a nation living in the Basque Country – a territory that is divided between two states – France and Spain. Isolated in the mountainous terrain they have preserved their original culture and collective identity. However, they still need to struggle for recognition, using some elements of their own culture to promote their identity and reject their status as a peripheral region of Spain or France. One of such elements is sport, especially so-called ‘traditional sports’ which this nation has preserved over centuries. The aim of this paper is thus to analyze one example of such a sport – Basque ball and its historical and present situation, connections with other elements of culture and its socio-cultural importance for the Basques.  相似文献   

全民健身背景下终身体育运动方式特征、理念及基本结构刍议     

张得保 《体育科技文献通报》2020,(5):139-142

本文运用文献资料、专家访谈、问卷调查等方法,结合具体事例,对当今"终身体育"观念存在的不同观点与运动方式进行了重新审视,研究认为:"终身体育"运动方式具有显著的多样性、互补性、差异性和目标一致性特征,同时构建出"终身体育"的基本结构模式,对当前全民健身运动中"终身体育"的开展具有一定的借鉴与指导意义。  相似文献