现代足球比赛进球基本特征与规律研究——以第14-20届世界杯足球赛进球为例     

薛俊  刘天彪  李煜  贺春亮  曹卫华 《北京体育大学学报》2015,38(8):125-129

摘要：运用文献资料调研、观察及数理统计等方法,对第14-20届世界杯足球赛1051个进球的方式、射门区域、及进攻形式等特征进行研究,以探讨现代足球比赛特征与规律。研究结果表明：7届世界杯场均进球数呈逐届下降趋势;比赛下半场比上半场进球率高,反映出现代足球在重视攻守平衡的同时更加注重进攻效率。罚球区2区内外区域是现代足球比赛射门进球最佳区域。前锋进球数最多,前锋和攻击型中场球员区分不再明确,全能型的队员位置职能已成为现代足球位置特征发展规律。现代足球比赛中脚射是最主要得分方式,立体高空头顶球技战术也已成形。随着传球次数的增加而进球明显减少的趋势,“直接打法”战术已成为现代足球进攻战术发展主流趋势。中路进攻、定位球进攻已成为现代足球进攻战术发展主要方向。前场及中前场已成为现代足球最佳有效地发动进攻进球区域。  相似文献   

The use of spatial manipulation to examine goalkeepers’ anticipation     

T.L. Woolley  K. Doma  J.D. Connor 《Journal of sports sciences》2015,33(17):1766-1774

This study investigated whether anticipation and search strategies of goalkeepers are influenced by temporally and spatially manipulated video of a penalty. Participants were clustered into three groups depending on skill: goalkeepers (n = 17), field players (n = 20) and control group (n = 20). An eye tracker was worn whilst watching 40 videos of a striker kicking to four corners of a goal in random order. All 40 videos were temporally occluded at foot-to-ball contact, and the non-kicking leg of 20 videos was spatially manipulated. Results showed that goalkeepers had significantly better predictions than the two groups with no differences between the two testing conditions. According to effect size, the percentage of fixation location and viewing time of the kicking leg and ball were greater for the goalkeepers and field players group than the control group irrespective of testing conditions. The fixations on the kicking leg and ball in conjunction with comparable predictions between spatially manipulated and control conditions suggest that goalkeepers may not rely on the non-kicking leg. Furthermore, goalkeepers appear to use a global perceptual approach by anchoring on a distal fixation point/s of the penalty taker whilst using peripheral vision to obtain additional information.  相似文献   

‘Muscles for Motherhood’: A Genealogical Analysis of Medicalized Ways of Knowing Female Footballers in New Zealand, 1921 and 1973–1975     

Barbara Douglas Cox  Richard Pringle 《国际体育史杂志》2015,32(18):2135-2149

ABSTRACT

Michel Foucault argued that females gradually became integrated into the sphere of medical practices through a process which he termed as a ‘hysterization of women’s bodies’ (Foucault, The History of Sexuality, Volume One: An Introduction, New York: Pantheon Books, 1978, 104). In this article, we draw on Foucault to examine how women’s bodies, exercise and motherhood impacted on the historical development of female football in New Zealand within two time periods (1921 and 1973–1975). Employing his genealogical framework, we analyze newspaper reports, historical documents and conducted in-depth interviews to demonstrate how medical/scientific discourses both constrained and enabled the participation of women in football. We conclude that while medical knowledge was used to publicly disqualify the legitimacy of the female footballer in 1921, and hence her abrupt disappearance from the sporting realm, the absence of such medical knowledge in the early 1970s, combined with societal changes associated with second wave feminism, paved the way for the eventual ‘normalization’ of female football in New Zealand.  相似文献   

The Sporting Lives of Sir Shenton Thomas and the Male European Internees at Changi Prison Camp During the Japanese Occupation of Singapore, 1942–1945     

Peng Han Lim  Mohd Salleh Aman 《国际体育史杂志》2015,32(3):466-483

During the Japanese occupation of British Malaya and Southeast Asia from the years 1942 to 1945 there were reports of POWs being allowed to play cricket, football, rugby and basketball, as told by Kevin Blackburn in The Sportsmen of Changi published in 2012. This research about the sporting lives of a Governor and male European internees at Singapore's Changi prison is likely to be first detailed research on this topic. The authors depended mainly on four published diaries and 262 issues of the men's camp newspaper, Changi Guardian, to account for the male internees' casual and competitive cricket, football, hockey, volleyball, badminton, tennis and boxing matches that were played during internment. The Japanese Military Administration allowed the male internees to organize their daily lives and play games that they indulged in during the pre-War period as the British dominated the Singapore Cricket Club, Penang Cricket Club and Perak Club. The internees were able to play the various games and matches in spite of the limited food and sparse facilities. Many of the cricket and football games that were played were organized as inter-state, inter-club or league matches. These games were played with improvized equipment and rules.  相似文献   

Sports Mobilities Across Borders: Postcolonial Perspectives     

Niko Besnier 《国际体育史杂志》2015,32(7):849-861

The circulation of mobile professional athletes, a phenomenon whose visibility increased exponentially in the last couple of decades of the twentieth century, poses important questions for postcolonial approaches to the human condition. At first glance, the orientation of entire segments of the population in some countries in the global South to the possibility of migrating to sport careers in the global North seems to reproduce patterns of economic dependence of the world's peripheries on the world's centres, with the latter obtaining resources from the former in non-reciprocal fashion. A more nuanced approach, however, demands that these dynamics be framed in a broader context of multiple power relations that are at once local and global, material and ideational, and rooted in complex histories that have somewhat obscured colonial relations of yesteryears. This approach is illustrated here with materials about migration-oriented football academies in West Africa and the transnational circulation of Pacific Island rugby players.  相似文献   

日本职业足球联赛市场营销研究     

郑骋 《湖北体育科技》2015,(2):149-152

日本足球在国内的推广与国际营销经验、国内政策和国家的理想抱负是紧密交织在一起的。正是因为它的多重角色和利益,日本足球并不是被动地服从全球化进程,相反就游戏规则、踢球风格、组织模式和市场机会而言,它形成了自己的特点,大部分与欧洲的经历形成鲜明对比。  相似文献   

女子足球运动员体能结构的分析与训练     

朱永胜  耿建华 《湖北体育科技》2015,(5):425-427

通过对女子足球运动员体能水平构成因素的分析及比赛中体能表现的研究,探讨符合足球运动规律的女子足球运动员体能训练方法,为女子足球体能训与练监控提供依据。  相似文献   

福建省高校足球运动常见运动损伤的分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李守江 《绵阳师范学院学报》2011,30(5):120-124

过问卷调查,对福建省高校足球运动体育专业和非体育专业学生进行随机抽样调查,采用问卷调查、文献资料、数理统计等方法,统计分析福建省大学生足球运动中受伤部位、受伤程度、受伤原因、康复治疗等方面数据,并对足球运动损伤的预防及治疗方面提出建议与措施。  相似文献   

共青团组织建设开放式、社会化、现代化的研究     

王佳 《佳木斯教育学院学报》2015,(1):59

本文主要对共青团组织建设开放式、社会化、现代化的意义及主要措施进行研究,为共青团组织建设的发展与共青团现代化发展目标的实现提供参考与借鉴。  相似文献   

安徽省高校足球的现状分析与对策研究     

Lv Zeng-hui  Gao Mian 《佳木斯教育学院学报》2015,(4)

本文是在全国即将全面开展校园足球的背景下,以迎接高校足球联赛,为提高安徽省高校足球水平,分析安徽省高校足球存在的问题和找出相应对策而做出的研究。  相似文献