运动与骨骼肌葡萄糖转运通路研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李雪梅  王正珍 《北京体育大学学报》2010,(12)

经过近40年的研究,现在已经证实不论是规律的有氧运动、剧烈的单次运动或者长期的抗阻训练,以及有氧结合抗阻运动训练都可以缓解胰岛素抵抗症状、增强胰岛素敏感性、提高整个机体的血糖清除能力以及增加骨骼肌的葡萄糖转运能力。在骨骼肌胰岛素信号转导通路涉及:胰岛素受体自动磷酸化、IRS-1/2酪氨酸残基的磷酸化、酪氨酸激酶激活以及磷脂酰肌醇3激酶的激活。而运动诱导的骨骼肌葡萄糖转运能力提高涉及的机制尚未明确。目前的研究主要集中在AMPK、CaMK、MAPKs、PKCs以及SIRTs等信号分子。在此对近年来关于AMPK和CaMK在运动诱导骨骼肌葡萄糖转运中的作用的研究进展进行综述。  相似文献   

Affinity Purification of Insulin by Peptide-Ligand Affinity Chromatography     

董晓燕付丽棠  俞海青 《天津大学学报(英文版)》2007,13(5):313-317

The affinity heptapeptide(HWWWPAS)for insulin,selected from phage display library,was coupled to EAH Sepharose 4B gel and packed to a 1-mL column.The column was used for the affinity purification of insulin from protein mixture and commercial insulin preparation.It was observed that the minor impurity in the commercial insulin was removed by the affinity chromatography.Nearly 40 mg of insulin could be purified with the 1-mL affinity column.The results revealed the high specificity and capacity of the affinity column for insulin purification.Moreover,based on the analysis of the amino acids in the peptide sequence,shorter peptides were designed and synthesized for insulin chromatography.As a result,HWWPS was found to be a good alternative to HWWWPAS,while the other two peptides with three or four amino acids showed weak affinity for insulin.The results indicated that the peptide sequence of HWWWPAS was quite conservative for specific binding of insulin.  相似文献   

糖尿病、运动与血清视黄醇结合蛋白4关系的综述     

何建伟  曾琳叶  赵广高  杨榕斌 《体育科学研究》2010,14(2):82-86

通过文献法综述了糖尿病、运动与血清视黄醇结合蛋白4（RBP4）的关系。结果表明：胰岛素抵抗是2型糖尿病发生发展的重要因素之一。RBP4作为一个脂肪细胞来源的信使,与胰岛素抵抗和2型糖尿病密切相关,RBP4在2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗机制中起重要作用。血清中RBP4水平的升高可能是导致高胰岛素血症的原因之一,RBP4可能影响胰岛素的敏感性。RBP4削弱骨骼肌的胰岛素信号通路是通过胰岛素受体底物的磷酸化实现的。运动手段是治疗2型糖尿病的主要方法,运动能够降低血清RBP4水平,改善胰岛素抵抗和脂代谢。  相似文献   

胰岛素及其受体在运动、记忆间“信息通道”作用的研究     

王今越  范尧  高建磊 《吉林体育学院学报》2009,25(4):82-84

分析insulin/IR（胰岛素及胰岛素受体）在运动调节记忆中可能发挥的作用。方法：通过相关文献,归纳总结in-sulin/IR对记忆,运动对insulin/IR及运动对记忆作用来分析insulin/IR在运动调节记忆的过程中的可能作用。结果：一定范围内,外源性提高脑内insulin水平对记忆可能有改善作用,超过范围会表现出相反效果,这个作用可能主要是通过海马完成的,并且其IR的功能或数量可能与记忆能力正相关。不同的运动形式,insulin和IR也会有不同变化,并且相应,对记忆产生不同结果。结论：长期、规律的有氧运动和抗阻力量训练可能通过改善IR敏感性提高记忆能力;insulin极度下降可能是运动疲劳后记忆暂时下降的一个原因;适量的insulin的补充可通过对中枢神经的保护作用来保护某些形式运动对记忆能力的损害;学习记忆训练可以通过提高IR数量改善记忆能力。  相似文献   

累积运动对肥胖大鼠糖脂代谢和单核细胞趋化蛋白-1的影响*     

范锦勤  张亚松  张丽美  张玉丽  帅祥煜  王松涛 《广州体育学院学报》2020,(3):86-90

目的：探讨累积运动与持续运动对肥胖大鼠糖脂代谢和MCP-1的影响。方法：普通体重大鼠为对照组（C，n=6），肥胖大鼠分为：安静组（S，n=8）、持续运动组（E，n=8）、中强度累积运动组（MAE，n=8）、高强度累积运动组（HAE，n=8）。运动组进行8周跑台训练（0?，5d/W）。E组跑速20m/min~25m/min，60min/次，1次/d。MAE组跑速与E组相同，12min/次，5次/d，间歇60min；HAE组跑速40m/min~42m/min，6min/次，5次/d，间歇60min。8周后，测内脏脂肪湿重，行糖耐量实验，ELISA法测血清胰岛素、FFA和MCP-1。结果：（1）运动组的内脏脂肪体重比低于C组和S组（P<0.05）。（2）HAE组灌胃后120min的血糖值低于S组和E组（P<0.05）。（3）运动组的ISI高于C组（P<0.01）；运动组的胰岛素和HOMA-IR低于S组而ISI较高（P<0.01）；HAE组的胰岛素和HOMA-IR低于E组与MAE组而ISI均较高（P<0.05）。（4）运动组的FFA和MCP-1较C组与S组下降（P<0.05）；累积运动组的MCP-1低于E组（P<0.05）。结论：累积运动和持续运动均可减少肥胖大鼠内脏脂肪，改善其糖脂代谢，提高胰岛素敏感性和纠正慢性炎性状态。持续运动降低内脏脂肪和FFA的效果更好；而累积运动改善血糖调节，提高胰岛素敏感性，减轻机体慢性炎性状态的效果更好。  相似文献   

8周游泳运动对2型糖尿病大鼠海马胰岛素抵抗的影响及机制     

邓鹏辉  刘霞  谭倩宇 《湖北体育科技》2021,(3):244-247,266

目的探讨糖尿病大鼠海马胰岛素抵抗的发生发展及在运动干预下糖尿病海马胰岛素抵抗与半乳糖苷凝集素3以及脂联素/AMPK/GLUT4信号通路之间的关系。方法高脂饮食联合腹腔注射低剂量STZ诱导的2型糖尿病大鼠建模成功后随机分为糖尿病对照组(DM组)和糖尿病运动组(DME组)两组。DM组大鼠不运动,DME组进行8周无负重游泳训练,6次/周。大鼠于末次训练后禁食12h,次日以2.5ml/kg的剂量,腹腔注射10%的水合氯醛麻醉,随后胸主动脉取血后保存于-20℃,以备待测,取海马组织投入液氮,-80℃冰箱保存。结果1)与NC组相比,DM组大鼠血清FBG、HOMA-IR的含量显著性增加(p<0.01),而大鼠血清INS含量减少,但无显著性差异(p>0.05);与DM组相比,DME组大鼠血清FBG、HOMA-IR的含量显著性减少(p<0.05),而大鼠血清INS含量减少,但无显著性差异(p>0.05);2)Real-Time PCR结果显示:与NC组相比,DM组大鼠GLUT4、PI3K及Adiponectin(脂联素)mRNA表达水平显著降低(p<0.01),Galectin-3、IRS-1mRNA表达水平显著升高(p<0.05,p<0.01),尽管AMPK、AKtmRNA表达水平无显著性变化,但存在有明显的下降趋势;与DM组相比,DME组大鼠海马组织的Galectin-3mRNA表达水平显著降低(p<0.05),PI3K、GLUT4及Adiponectin mRNA表达水平呈显著增加(p<0.01),AMPK、IRS-1及AKt mRNA表达水平无显著性变化,但仍存在改善趋势。结论1)2型糖尿病将导致病理性中枢胰岛素抵抗,同时8周有氧运动能够有效改善2型糖尿病海马胰岛素抵抗;2)8周有氧运动可能通过降低海马组织Gal-3水平以及提高脂联素/AMPK/GLUT4信号通路表达,从而达到改善2型糖尿病海马胰岛素抵抗,同时Gal-3以及脂联素/AMPK/GLUT4信号通路异常可能也是2型糖尿病病理性引发中枢胰岛素抵抗的机制之一。  相似文献   

运动对RBP4诱导的胰岛素抵抗大鼠心肌Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶及胸腺细胞凋亡的影响     

汪君民  龚腾云 《吉林体育学院学报》2013,(5):62-67

研究运动对RBP4诱导的胰岛素抵抗大鼠心肌Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶及胸腺细胞凋亡的影响。方法：8周龄雄性SD大鼠给予重组RBP4 3μg/g体重腹腔注射,12小时注射一次,持续注射4周。设RBP4＋运动组（RE）、RBP4安静组（RR）和正常安静对照组（C）,RE组予4周无负重游泳训练,60min/天。免疫组化和免疫印迹法分别检测血清RBP4,胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）。采用化学比色法,以考马斯亮蓝G250进行蛋白定量检测心肌细胞膜Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶、Ca^2＋-ATP酶的活性。双抗体夹心ABC-ELISA法检测血清GM-CSF含量;S-P一步法检测血液中CD4、CD8的活性。运用TUNEL法标记各组大鼠胸腺的凋亡细胞。结果：RE组血清RBP4和HOMA-IR显著低于RR组。RE组较RR组大鼠CD4细胞数增多（P〈0.05）,CD8细胞数稍有减少（P〈0.05）,CD4/CD8比值明显增加（P〈0.01）;RE组心肌细胞膜Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶活性显著高于RR组,与对照组相比无显著差异;RE组与RR组比胸腺指数（P〈0.05）、脾脏指数明显提高（P〈0.01）。RE组在胸腺皮质及髓质部位见棕红色的凋亡细胞似较正常安静对照组增多,但较C组明显减少。结论：运动能够提高胰岛素抵抗大鼠Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶活性,降低了细胞内Na＋浓度,明显提升RBP4诱导的胰岛素抵抗大鼠心肌传导能力;运动能够使CD4/CD8比值增加,胸腺细胞凋亡减少,能够提高RBP4诱导的胰岛素抵抗大鼠的免疫能力。  相似文献   

Effects of short-term lifestyle activity modification on adiponectin mRNA expression and plasma concentrations     

《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(4):378-385

Abstract

Adiponectin mRNA and plasma concentrations were reduced in obesity. Exercise training may reduce the adipose tissue (AT), although it is not well known, whether exercise – induced change in AT, increases adiponectin mRNA expression and plasma concentrations or not. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of short-term lifestyle activity modification (LAM) on adiponectin mRNA and plasma concentrations. Sixteen obese and overweight middle-aged men (age, 35–50 years) with type 2 diabetes participated in this study. The subjects were randomly assigned to LAM group (n=8) or control group (n=8). The subjects in LAM group walked two miles in 30 min on a treadmill on 4 days per week for 12 weeks according to the guidelines of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and American College of Sports Medicine. The results showed that body mass, body mass index, central visceral adipose tissue and subcutaneous adipose tissue volume and hip and thigh subcutaneous adipose tissue (hip and thigh SAT) volume were decreased in the LAM group compared to the control group (P<0.05). Adiponectin mRNA in abdominal and gluteal subcutaneous AT were increased significantly in the LAM group compared to the control group (P<0.05), while plasma adiponectin concentrations, hs-CRP and insulin resistance did not change significantly. In conclusion, adiponectin mRNA levels increase after 12 weeks of LAM; however, plasma adiponectin levels were not affected by this protocol in obese and overweight middle-aged men with type 2 diabetes.  相似文献   

有氧运动减肥的分析与探讨     

冯丽明  陈智芳  孙虹  余昭炜 《体育科技文献通报》2013,21(2):16+21-16,21

采用文献综述法阐述肥胖的危害性,论述了有氧运动对减肥的作用。有氧运动可以调节身体的神经-内分泌系统,提高游离脂肪酸的利用,改善脂蛋白酶的活性,防止多余的糖转化为脂肪,提高胰岛素受体的敏感性。  相似文献   

Insulin sensitivity and β-cell function estimated by HOMA2 model in sprint-trained athletes aged 20−90 years vs endurance runners and untrained participants     

Krzysztof Kusy  Jacek Zieliński  Łucja Pilaczyńska-Szcześniak 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(15):1656-1664

Abstract

There are no studies available that portray insulin sensitivity and β-cell function in ageing sprint-trained athletes. We compared male young and master sprint-trained athletes to endurance-trained and untrained individuals. We hypothesised that ageing sprint-trained athletes would preserve insulin sensitivity and β-cell function at a level similar to that of endurance-trained peers and better than in untrained individuals. We showed the associations between age and parameters derived from the updated Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA2 model) in 52 sprint-trained track and field athletes (aged 20?90 years), 85 endurance runners (20?80 years) and 55 untrained individuals (20?70 years). Fasting glucose, fasting insulin, insulin sensitivity and β-cell function were not associated with age in sprint-trained athletes. These variables remained relatively stable across a wide range of age and comparable to those observed in endurance-trained athletes. In contrast, the untrained group showed considerable age-related increase in fasting insulin and β-cell activity and a strong decrease in insulin sensitivity compared to both athletic groups. HOMA2 parameters were significantly related to maximal oxygen in the combined group of participants. In summary, chronic training based on a “sprint model” of physical activity, that contains mixed exercise, seems to be effective in maintaining normal insulin sensitivity with ageing.  相似文献