中频电刺激对膝关节肌群等速肌力相关指标影响的实验研究     

张飞  刘一平 《吉林体育学院学报》2010,26(6):64-66

目的：探讨中频电刺激疗法对人体膝关节等速肌肉力量相关指标的影响。方法：将12名健康男青年随机分为对照组6人、中频电刺激干预组6人,干预组进行一个疗程中频电刺激。分别于实验前、后使用等速肌力测试仪测试受试者右侧膝关节肌群肌力相关指标,测试强度定为以下两组：角速度60°/s重复运动5次组和角速度180°/s重复运动15次组。结果：（1）与实验前相比,干预组角速度为60°/s时,膝关节屈、伸肌群相对平均峰力矩APT%BW显著升高（P〈0.05）,相对平均功率AP%BW明显增加（P〈0.01）;（2）干预组角速度为180°/s时,实验前后伸、屈肌群疲劳指数均FI减小且有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;（3）实验前、后干预组屈、伸肌群峰力矩角度变化均无显著性差异（P〉0.05）;（4）与实验前相比,对照组各项测试指标变化均无显著性差异。结论：中频电刺激疗法对提高人体膝关节肌群相对平均峰力矩、相对平均功率和降低疲劳指数有明显的效果,对提高膝关节肌群爆发力和耐力起到一定的作用。  相似文献   

Patellofemoral pain,body morphology and alignment in female pubertal dancers: One-year follow-up     

Nili Steinberg  Shay Tenenbaum  Myriam Stern  Aviva Zeev  Itzhak Siev-Ner 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(15):1690-1698

The aim of this study was to assess changes in body morphology, anatomical alignment and prevalence of patellofemoral pain (PFP) in young female dancers along one year of pubertal growth, and to identify the risk factors related to PFP in these young dancers. Both legs of 60 dancers were evaluated during grade 7 and again after 1-year. At each of these points in time, the dancers were interviewed concerning their background, and anthropometric measurements, lower-limb physical examinations and knee ultrasound scans were performed. Morphological parameters changed significantly from baseline to follow-up. PFP was found in 53.3% of the dancers’ knees at baseline. At follow-up, 55.4% of the asymptomatic knees at baseline developed PFP, and only 9.4% of the symptomatic knees at baseline recovered. Lower BMI was identified among dancers who developed PFP during follow-up compared with dancers with no PFP, either at baseline or at follow-up. A positive grinding and positive Patellar Inhibition Test (PIT) were found to be risk factors for PFP at follow-up. A high prevalence of young dancers suffered PFP, from injuries they sustained mostly during the 1-year of dance practice. Parameters predisposing the dancers to PFP should be identified at early stages of dance class.  相似文献   

不同速度正向单摇双脚跳绳支撑期下肢及 下肢各关节运动生物力学特征分析          下载免费PDF全文

井兰香 《河北体育学院学报》2019,33(5):83-89

目的：测试不同速度正向单摇双脚跳绳运动支撑期动力学及运动学参数,分析下肢及下肢各关节生物力学特征变化规律。方法：选取12名男性专业跳绳运动员分别完成慢、中、快三种速度正向单摇双脚连续跳绳运动,同步采集跳绳过程地面反作用力和运动学数据,计算支撑期下肢及下肢各关节动力学参数。结果：中速跳绳峰值地面反作用力、爆发力等明显大于慢、快速跳绳（P＜005）,随着跳绳速度升高关节活动范围明显减小（P＜005）,快速跳绳时腿刚度（P＜001）和髋、膝、踝关节刚度值最大（P＜001）,踝关节能量吸收贡献度%最大（P＜001）。结论：慢速、中速双脚连续跳绳可锻炼髋、膝、踝关节周围肌肉的超等长收缩能力,快速跳绳主要锻炼踝关节快速超等长收缩能力及髋、膝关节稳定性;跳绳锻炼时应注意下肢尤其是踝关节拉伸热身,提高柔韧性以降低损伤风险。  相似文献   

新型太极拳干预对老年女性膝骨关节炎患者          下载免费PDF全文

潘晓雨  黄灵燕  吕娇娇  伍勰  牛文鑫  刘宇 《体育科研》2017,(1):68-71

目的：验证6个月的新型太极拳康复方案干预是否可以改善老年女性膝关节炎患者的下肢肌力和动态平衡能力。方法：招募46名老年女性膝骨关节炎患者,随机分为太极组和对照组,进行为期6个月的实验干预。实验前后,通过等速肌力测试仪和动态平衡测试指标,测量所有受试者下肢肌力和动态平衡能力。结果：6个月前后,太极组下肢肌力无显著性差异（P>0.05）,但动态稳定性显著性提高（P<0.05）。结论：新型太极拳康复干预可促进女性膝骨关节炎患者动态平衡稳定性,简易有效,易于推广。  相似文献   

青少年急性膝关节创伤性骨髓异常与创伤机制及软组织损伤的关系          下载免费PDF全文

刘玉  王燎  刘晓娜  周燕  高维青  曾勇  李开成 《体育科研》2017,(6):60-66

目的：初步探讨青少年急性膝关节创伤性骨髓异常与创伤机制及软组织损伤的关系。方法：回顾性分析69例青少年急性膝关节损伤患者的临床及影像学资料。通过膝关节磁共振成像（MRI）评估创伤性骨髓异常的部位及前交叉韧带、后交叉韧带、内侧副韧带、外侧副韧带及内、外侧支持带等软组织的损伤,根据临床资料汇总创伤机制。结果：69例患者包括19例轴移损伤,17例髌骨外侧脱位,12例过伸伤,11例外翻损伤和10例仪表盘损伤。轴移损伤引起创伤性骨髓异常部位多位于股骨外侧髁后区（94.7%）、股骨外侧髁前区（84.2%）和胫骨外侧平台后区（78.9%）,常伴有前交叉韧带撕裂（94.7%）。髌骨外侧脱位多位于髌骨（100%）、股骨外侧髁后区（100%）和股骨外侧髁前区（94.1%）,常伴有内侧支持带撕裂（88.2%）。过伸伤主要累及胫骨内侧平台前区（83.3%）、胫骨外侧平台前区（75%）和股骨内侧髁前区（66.7%）,常伴有前交叉韧带（91.7%）和后交叉韧带损伤（58.3%）。外翻损伤主要累及股骨,包括股骨外侧髁后区（72.7%）,股骨外侧髁前区（54.5%）和股骨内侧髁前区（45.5%）,常伴有内侧副韧带损伤（90.9%）。仪表盘损伤主要累及胫骨,包括胫骨外侧平台前区（100%）、胫骨内侧平台前区（90%）,常伴有后交叉韧带损伤（70%）。结论：青少年急性膝关节创伤性骨髓异常在MRI上的分布代表了特定的创伤机制的足迹,并能够精准地预测特定的软组织损伤。  相似文献   

Identification of types of landings after blocking in volleyball associated with risk of ACL injury     

David Zahradnik  Daniel Jandacka  Roman Farana  Jaroslav Uchytil  Joseph Hamill 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(2):241-248

Landing with a low knee flexion angle after volleyball block jumps may be associated with an increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. The aim of the present study was to identify the types of volleyball landings after blocks where the knee flexion angle is found to be under a critical knee flexion angle value of 30° at the instant of the first peak of the ground reaction force (GRF). Synchronized kinematic and kinetic data were collected for each trial. T-tests were used to determine if each knee flexion angle at the instant of the peak GRF was significantly different from the critical value of 30°. A repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare knee flexion angle, time to first peak and the magnitude of the first peak of the resultant GRF and knee stiffness. Significantly lower knee flexion angles were found in the “go” landing (p?=?.01, ES?=?0.6) and the “reverse” landing (p?=?.02, ES?=?0.6) only. The results for knee flexion angle and GRF parameters indicated a significant difference between a “reverse” and “go” and other types of landings, except the “side stick” landing for GRF. The “reverse” and “go” landings may present a risk for ACL injury due to the single-leg landing of these activities that have an associated mediolateral movement.  相似文献   

Asymptomatic players with a patellar tendon abnormality do not adapt their landing mechanics when fatigued     

Suzi Edwards  Julie R. Steele  Deirdre E. McGhee  Craig R. Purdam  Jill L. Cook 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(8):769-776

This study aimed to explore how asymptomatic athletes with a patellar tendon abnormality (PTA), who are at high risk of developing patellar tendinopathy, alter their landing technique and net patellar tendon loads generated in response to fatigue. Seven asymptomatic players with a PTA performed five successful vertical stop-jump trials before and after a fatigue protocol. Fatigue protocol involved participants repeatedly performing sets of 30 submaximal jump exercises on a sledge apparatus followed by 30 s rest until the task failure criteria were reached. Three-dimensional ground reaction forces, lower limb kinematics and net peak patellar tendon force were recorded during the stop-jump task. No significant between-fatigue condition differences in net patellar tendon loading, or most secondary outcome variables were observed. Only some fatigue changes were seen during the vertical landing phase. Asymptomatic PTA participants did not modify their landing technique or net patellar tendon loading during a stop-jump task in response to fatigue. The lack of between-fatigue condition differences displayed by the asymptomatic PTA participants during both landing phases suggest that these individuals may not be capable of sufficient movement variability in their landing strategies to adapt to fatigue.  相似文献   

优秀武术运动员指定动作训练损伤的调查分析   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

黄杰聪  谭广忠 《体育科技》1999,(Z1)

采取填表和座谈两种方式对武术专业５３ 名优秀运动员指定动作训练损伤及其它损伤进行了调查,结果表明,武术运动员损伤以膝、踝关节、胫骨膜、腰肌、小腿肌内为主;动作难度大,身体素质要求高是指定性动作损伤的主要原因;落地支撑腿的膝、踝关节损伤、胫骨膜炎症等疲劳性疾病,与指定动作练习有关,局部负重过大、过度疲劳、身体素质不够等,是构成指定动作训练损伤的主要因素。  相似文献   

足球运动员膝部创伤原因与防治研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

上官义勤  张卫东 《体育科技》1999,(Z1)

通过对河南足球运动员膝部创伤情况的调查,分析了造成膝伤的原因及膝伤的形式,指出治疗膝伤最重要的原则。  相似文献   

马拉松运动员膝关节潜在损伤的预测方法研究     

高〓芳 《广州体育学院学报》2020,(1):109-112

为避免马拉松运动员在跑步过程中出现膝关节的各种损伤,有必要对潜在膝关节损伤进行预测。目前的预测方法都是基于专家观点和历史文献,预测确精度较低。为了解更多导致膝关节损伤的因素,提高预测精确度,提出了一种新的针对马拉松运动员的膝关节潜在损伤预测方法。首先分析了马拉松运动员膝关节损伤的特点和损伤因素。然后通过相似度测量进行预测。实验结果表明,该方法具有较高的精确度。  相似文献