Training reading and phoneme awareness skills in children with Down syndrome     

Kristina Goetz  Charles Hulme  Sophie Brigstocke  Julia M. Carroll  Louise Nasir  M. Snowling 《Reading and writing》2008,21(4):395-412

The authors report a short-term reading intervention study involving 15 children with Down syndrome (DS) who attended mainstream schools. The intervention programme taught children phoneme segmentation and blending skills in the context of learning letter-sounds and working with words in books. The children were taught by their learning support assistants, who received special training for this purpose. Compared to a waiting group, a group of eight children with DS improved significantly on measures of early literacy skills (letter-sound knowledge, Early Word Recognition) following eight weeks of intervention. The waiting group started to make progress once they received the intervention. Both groups maintained progress on the literacy measures five months after the intervention had finished. The results suggest that children with DS can benefit from structured, phonics-based reading intervention.  相似文献   

The role of output speech in literacy acquisition: Evidence from congenital anarthria     

Cossu  Giuseppe 《Reading and writing》2003,16(1-2):99-122

A case study of literacy acquisition in acongenitally speechless child (SM) isreported. In spite of a complete oral apraxia(due to bilateral focal brain damage), SMdeveloped normal intelligence and acquired complete mastery of reading and writing skills.Furthermore, both his verbal memory andmetaphonological skills were surprisinglypreserved. However, he showed a relativeimpairment in writing non-words. Theimplications of these findings for thedevelopmental interactions between language andliteracy are discussed.  相似文献   

“孤独”“痛苦”和“恐惧”——史铁生生命体验散文的三重主题     

王莹 《苏州教育学院学报》2008,25(3):62-64

上帝在给予史铁生苦难的同时,也给予了他独特的感觉与独特的体悟,面对人生三大困境——孤独、痛苦、恐惧,他以自己残缺的身体,在生命体验散文中展现了最为健全而丰满的思想,让我们感受到了来自心灵最深处的颤抖。他用笔实现了自我的超越,为自己闯开了一条生命永恒之路。  相似文献   

三元能量对人体抗痛能力作用的比较研究     

王极盛  赫尔实 《人天科学研究》1996,5(4):27-28

为了探索三元的奥秘，采用弹簧压力测痛器，测试了受试者的痛阈和耐痛阈，探讨了运用三元能量能力不同者抗痛能力的差异，推测：由于学习元极学，运化三元能量，人体产生三元抗痛物质，可能是一种内源性类吗咪样物质，其具有很强的抗痛能力，并能改善人的情绪。  相似文献   

Serum Ischemia-Modified Albumin in Preterm Babies with Respiratory Distress Syndrome     

Hasan Kahveci  Cuneyt Tayman  Fuat Laoğlu  Hüseyin Tugrul Celik  Nazan Kavas  Ömer Kılıç  Salih Aydemir 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2016,31(1):38-42

Infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) may suffer from severe hypoxia, asphyxia. In this study, we aimed to evaluate serum ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) level as a diagnostic marker for hypoxia in preterm infants with RDS. Thirty-seven premature newborns with RDS were allocated as the study group and 42 healthy preterm neonates were selected as the control group. IMA was measured as absorbance unit (ABSU) in human serum with colorimetric assay method which is based on reduction in albumin cobalt binding. IMA levels were significantly higher in neonates with RDS as compared to the control group (P < 0.001). Cut-off value of IMA (ABSU) was 0.72, the sensitivity level was 91.9 %, the specificity was 78.6 %, positive predictive value was 79.1 % and negative predictive value was 91.7 % at RDS. Area under curve values was 0.93 (P < 0.001; 95 % CI, 0.88–0.98) in the receiver operating characteristic curve. We concluded that elevated blood IMA levels might be accepted as a useful marker for hypoxia in newborn with RDS.  相似文献   

裂隙与症候——论四十年代"不合时宜"的孙犁   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

叶君 《天津师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2007,(5):75-80

孙犁在20世纪40年代解放区的文学创作总体上呈现出一种明丽、向上的诗意风貌,表达了他对一个大时代的激情参与和诗意传达,凸显一个应和时代脉动的战士作家形象。但是在其40年代的一些抗战叙事中,也可以让人感受到蕴含其中的个人性感受。《琴和箫》和《钟》是孙犁在不同时期遭到非议甚至批判的两部"不合时宜"的作品,从对文本本身及其本事的解读,可以在诸多症候中触摸到创作主体与其激情参与的时代之间所存有的裂隙。  相似文献   

A deficit in rime awareness in children with Down syndrome     

Snowling  Margaret J.  Hulme  Charles  Mercer  Robin C. 《Reading and writing》2002,15(5-6):471-495

This paper reports 3 studies comparing thereading and phonological skills of childrenwith Down syndrome (DS) and younger normallydeveloping children of similar reading level.In Study 1, the two groups did not differ insight word or nonword reading, but the childrenwith DS did marginally less well on syllablesegmentation, rhyme and phoneme detectiontasks. Group differences in syllable andphoneme awareness appeared attributable todifferences in verbal ability (BPVS, vocabularyknowledge); however, a significant impairmentin rhyme detection remained in an analysis ofsub-groups equated in vocabulary knowledge. Thedeficit in rhyme observed in DS was replicatedin Studies 2 and 3 using simplified tests ofrhyme judgement, with the majority of childrenwith DS performing at chance on the rhymemeasures. In contrast, the two groups did notdiffer in their ability to detect phonemes inany of the 3 studies and performed above chancein initial phoneme detection and alliterationjudgement tasks, although the identification offinal phonemes was at a much lower level. Correlational analyses indicated a relationshipbetween phonological skills and reading inboth groups. However, for children with DS,letter-sound knowledge did not predict readingwhereas it did for normal controls. It issuggested that children with DS do not possessfull phoneme awareness; although they canidentify initial phonemes in words, they do notunderstand phoneme invariance and may rely lesson phonological skills for reading thancontrols.  相似文献   

空调房间空气质量的改进措施     

林锦基 《福建工程学院学报》2002,(1)

指出影响空调房间环境的主要因素 ,解释了空气品质的概念 ,提出了改进的措施。  相似文献   

Supporting children with Down syndrome within mainstream education settings: parental reflections     

Lynne Kendall 《Education 3-13》2019,47(2):135-147

This study draws upon data gathered from five parents who have children with Down syndrome (DS), being educated in mainstream settings in England. The parental perspective of practices, both inclusive and otherwise, is explored through a qualitative lens. Findings suggest that early intervention, such as portage, is important. However, access to services varied across authorities. Additionally, some participants highlighted issues around the Education, Health Care Plan and subsequent annual reviews. Overall, this study offers examples of inclusive practice in the areas of supporting language and communication needs, parental partnership and transition between educational phases for children with DS. However, there are inconsistencies across providers and there is a need for more research into these areas in the future.  相似文献   

Polymorphisms in genes involved in folate metabolism as maternal risk factors for Down syndrome in China     

Wang SS  Qiao FY  Feng L  Lv JJ 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2008,9(2):93-99

Objective: To explore the relationship between genetic polymorphisms in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), methionine synthase reductase (MTRR), the central enzymes in folate metabolism that affects DNA methylation and synthesis, and the risk of Down syndrome in China. Methods: Genomic DNA was isolated from the peripheral lymphocytes of 64 mothers of children with Down syndrome and 70 age matched control subjects. Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism were used to examine the polymorphisms of MTHFR 677C→T, MTRR 66A→G and the relationship between these genotypes and the risk of Down syndrome was analyzed. Results: The results show that the MTHFR 677C→T polymorphism is more prevalent among mothers of children with Down syndrome than among control mothers, with an odds ratio of 3.78 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.78～8.47). In addition, the homozygous MTRR 66A→G polymorphism was independently associated with a 5.2-fold increase in estimated risk (95% CI, 1.90～14.22). The combined presence of both polymorphisms was associated with a greater risk of Down syndrome than the presence of either alone, with an odds ratio of 6.0 (95% CI, 2.058～17.496).The two polymorphisms appear to act without a multiplicative interaction. Conclusion: MTHFR and MTRR gene mutation alleles are related to Down syndrome, and CT, TT and GG gene mutation types increase the risk of Down syndrome.  相似文献