Effect of repeat-sprint training in hypoxia on post-exercise interleukin-6 and F2-isoprostanes     

Paul S. R. Goods  Brian Dawson  Grant J. Landers  Christopher J. Gore  Kevin Croft  Peter Peeling 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(8):1047-1054

This investigation examined the oxidative stress (F₂-Isoprostane; F₂-IsoP) and inflammatory (interleukin-6; IL-6) responses to repeat-sprint training in hypoxia (RSH). Ten trained male team sport athletes performed 3(sets)*9(repetitions)*5?s cycling sprints in simulated altitude (3000?m) and sea-level conditions. Mean and peak sprint power output (MPO and PPO) were recorded, and blood samples were collected pre-exercise, and again at 8 and 60?min post-exercise. Both MPO and PPO were significantly reduced in hypoxia (compared to sea-level) in the second (MPO: 855?±?89 vs. 739?±?95?W, p?=?.006; PPO: 1024?±?114 vs. 895?±?112?W, p?=?.010) and third (MPO: 819?±?105 vs. 686?±?83?W, p?=?.008; PPO: 985?±?125 vs. 834?±?99?W, p?=?.008) sets, respectively. IL-6 was significantly increased from pre- to 1?h post-exercise in both hypoxia (0.7?±?0.2 vs. 2.4?±?1.4?pg/mL, p?=?.004) and sea-level conditions (0.7?±?0.2 vs. 1.6?±?0.3?pg/mL, p?d?=?0.80) suggesting higher IL-6 levels of post-hypoxia. F₂-IsoP was significantly lower 1?h post-exercise in both the hypoxic (p?=?.005) and sea-level (p?=?.002) conditions, with no differences between trials. While hypoxia can impact on exercise intensity and may result in greater post-exercise inflammation, it appears to have little effect on oxidative stress. These results indicate that team sport organisations with ready access to hypoxic training facilities could confidently administer RSH without significantly increasing the post-exercise inflammatory or oxidative stress response.  相似文献   

One hundred and fifty years of sprint and distance running – Past trends and future prospects     

Martin Weiss  Alexandra Newman  Ceri Whitmore  Stephan Weiss 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(4):393-401

Sprint and distance running have experienced remarkable performance improvements over the past century. Attempts to forecast running performances share an almost similarly long history but have relied so far on relatively short data series. Here, we compile a comprehensive set of season-best performances for eight Olympically contested running events. With this data set, we conduct (1) an exponential time series analysis and (2) a power-law experience curve analysis to quantify the rate of past performance improvements and to forecast future performances until the year 2100. We find that the sprint and distance running performances of women and men improve exponentially with time and converge at yearly rates of 4% ± 3% and 2% ± 2%, respectively, towards their asymptotic limits. Running performances can also be modelled with the experience curve approach, yielding learning rates of 3% ± 1% and 6% ± 2% for the women's and men's events, respectively. Long-term trends suggest that: (1) women will continue to run 10–20% slower than men, (2) 9.50 s over 100 m dash may only be broken at the end of this century and (3) several middle- and long-distance records may be broken within the next two to three decades. The prospects of witnessing a sub-2 hour marathon before 2100 remain inconclusive. Our results should be interpreted cautiously as forecasting human behaviour is intrinsically uncertain. The future season-best sprint and distance running performances will continue to scatter around the trends identified here and may yield unexpected improvements of standing world records.  相似文献   

Understanding the consequences of victory amongst sport spectators: The mediating role of BIRGing     

Iouri Bernache-Assollant  Yves Chantal  Patrick Bouchet  Marie-Françoise Lacassagne 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(6):719-725

Prior work on the relationships between team identification and spectators’ reactions to one's team victory has largely neglected the potential effects of mediating variables. In this research, we proposed that the process of Basking in Reflected Glory [BIRGing – the tendency to reduce the distance between oneself and one's team; Cialdini, R. B., Bordon, R. J., Thorne, A., Walker, M. R., Freeman, S., &; Sloan, L. R. (1976). Basking in reflected glory: Three (football) field studies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 34, 366–375] would lead spectators to almost take ownership of victories and share its benefits, thereby impacting their sense of national belonging in a positive manner. To this end, participants (N?=?73) were asked to watch an edited video clip showing a victory of the French national rugby team playing against South Africa. As expected, results revealed that BIRGing mediated the relationship between team identification and one's sense of national belonging. In closing, a number of implications are discussed along with future research avenues pertaining to the sport spectatorship literature.  相似文献   

英国开放大学的办学特色浅探   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

易红郡 《黑龙江高教研究》2002,(2):123-125

开放大学是英国高等教育中的一种创举，它不仅为英国高等教育的大众化提供了新的进程，而且为世界远程教育的发展作出了重要贡献。本主要探讨了英国开放大学的办学特色，以期为我国高等学校远程教育的发展提供一些有益的借鉴。  相似文献   

在促进和谐社会建设中创新高职教育     

陈英伟 《天津职业院校联合学报》2005,7(6):76-78

随着我国经济建设进入协调有序、快速稳定的发展时期,高等职业教育要融入构建社会主义和谐社会的全过程。要不断创新,有勇于担纲的意识,努力培养出高素质、高水平和高技能的综合型人才,肩负起新的历史使命,为进一步促进社会主义和谐社会的建设,发挥出强大的教育功能。  相似文献   

浅议大学管理者应确立的办学理念     

姚宜新 《徐州师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2006,32(6):119-123

观念是行动的先导。先进的办学理念对校外是一面旗帜,对校内是一个纲领。面对高等教育新的形势,大学管理者必须与时俱进,确立以人为本理念、经营学校理念、内涵优先理念、特色理念和国际化理念,并使之成为大学管理者一项高度自觉的治校行动。  相似文献   

将市场的观念引入高校办学机制     

孙庆群  马秋菊 《黑龙江高教研究》2002,(6):144-145

21世纪的高等教育面临着很多的机遇和挑战，新的人才市场形势给高校提出了更高的要求，要想使培养出来的毕业生真正满足社会的需要，必须首先了解社会，以市场为导向，树立新的办学理念，将“市场的观念”引入高校办学机制。  相似文献   

高等教育大众化背景下地方高校的办学效益问题   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈洪林  高力彬 《高教论坛》2006,(1):27-30

地方高校由于自身的特殊性,办学效益有一定特性。文章分析地方高校办学效益方面存在的主要问题,指出必须树立效益意识、提高管理水平、强化人才培养、主动融入社会,在高教大众化背景下发展得更充分、更科学。  相似文献   

于洪武同志办学思想的启示     

哈经雄 《民族教育研究》2004,15(2):49-52

于洪武校长的办学思想和成功的办学经验，对推动民族中等教育的发展具有积极的意义。该校始终明确自己的定位，坚持办出特色；构建了一个既适应学科体系，又注重社会需求，更突出学生特点的课程体系，以求学生能得到全面发展；以科研为先导，积极开展教育科学和教学研究。  相似文献   

紧密联系学校工作实际努力提高校长执政能力     

吴宏泰 《柳州师专学报》2007,22(2):138-140

校长是学校的领导者、组织者和决策者,必须深刻领会和贯彻落实党中央关于加强执政能力建设的精神,紧密联系学校工作实际,努力提高自身执政能力.要树立坚定正确的教育思想,不断提高领导能力、现代管理能力、"校本科研" 能力、自我反思能力和运用现代化教育手段能力.  相似文献