“学院办大学”:西方传统与中国实践     

张烨 《清华大学教育研究》2022,43(1):70-77

"学院办大学"作为部分中国高校寻求理想治理的重要思路,值得关注。中国高校的"学院办大学"改革,应在深入认识西方大学组织传统的基础上,正视我国的"大学办学院"事实及改革推进中可能存在的诸多困境。具体表现为利益格局重大调整带来的权力下放之困,基层的权力承接之困,基层学院的"竞争与稳定"协调之困,变革方式的"上下协同"之困。我国高校的"学院办大学"改革,应以改革文化培育为先;秉持"基于学科但不囿于学科"的总体原则;关注变革群体的多样性诉求,持续激发基层改革内驱力;以"上下协同"方式,渐进推动真改革。  相似文献   

面向社区问答的中文短文本分类算法研究     

赵辉  刘怀亮 《现代情报》2013,33(10):70-74

为解决社区问答系统中的问题短文本特征词少、描述信息弱的问题,本文利用维基百科进行特征扩展以辅助中文问题短文本分类。首先通过维基百科概念及链接等信息进行词语相关概念集合抽取,并综合利用链接结构和类别体系信息进行概念间相关度计算。然后以相关概念集合为基础进行特征扩展以补充文本特征语义信息。实验结果表明,本文提出的基于特征扩展的短文本分类算法能有效提高问题短文本分类效果。  相似文献   

阿尔茨海默病基因-疾病关联的知识挖掘     

王雪  武俊伟  陈观群  李燕琼  马路 《图书情报工作》2020,64(13):120-132

[目的/意义] 对阿尔茨海默病（AD）进行基因-疾病关联挖掘，以捕捉潜力研究方向。[方法/过程] 基于LBD理论构建开放式知识发现架构，结合MeSH词表、DisGeNET等医学术语、组学数据对PubMed中AD文献进行知识挖掘，采用关联规则与算法排序等方法对部分基因重合的强关联主题共现疾病和优先候选基因进行筛选，结合时间切片和其他LBD工具对比加以验证。[结果/结论] 对88 334篇AD文献进行基因-疾病识别，并与2 120种AD基因进行匹配；以XYZ分析视角对识别出的992种主题共现疾病及11 899种候选基因进行关联排序；精炼10种强关联疾病与25种优选候选基因，结合文献报道加以论述。通过LBD挖掘目标疾病-共现疾病-基因之间潜在关联，可快速捕捉潜力研究方向，缩小基因测序范围，为新研究假设的生成提供重要指导依据。  相似文献   

Construct Equivalence of PISA Reading Comprehension Measured With Paper‐Based and Computer‐Based Assessments     

Ulf Kroehne  Sarah Buerger  Carolin Hahnel  Frank Goldhammer 《Educational Measurement》2019,38(3):97-111

For many years, reading comprehension in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) was measured via paper‐based assessment (PBA). In the 2015 cycle, computer‐based assessment (CBA) was introduced, raising the question of whether central equivalence criteria required for a valid interpretation of the results are fulfilled. As an extension of the PISA 2012 main study in Germany, a random subsample of two intact PISA reading clusters, either computerized or paper‐based, was assessed using a random group design with an additional within‐subject variation. The results are in line with the hypothesis of construct equivalence. That is, the latent cross‐mode correlation of PISA reading comprehension was not significantly different from the expected correlation between the two clusters. Significant mode effects on item difficulties were observed for a small number of items only. Interindividual differences found in mode effects were negatively correlated with reading comprehension, but were not predicted by basic computer skills or gender. Further differences between modes were found with respect to the number of missing values.  相似文献   

Language,Literacy and Visual Texts          下载免费PDF全文

Sylvia Pantaleo 《English in Education》2015,49(2):113-129

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The predisposition of adult ESOL learners in a FE college towards autonomy     

《Journal of Further & Higher Education》2012,36(3):191-210

The paper reports a small‐scale research on the predisposition of adult ESOL learners in a further education college to the components of autonomous learning. The research is based on the perception that there is an untested assumption that all students will react positively to the concept of autonomous learning and by implication are positively predisposed to it. Using questionnaire survey administered among 20 selected students and supplementing this with a focus group discussion, the research sought to test this assumption in the context of ESOL students. Towards achieving this, the research sought the reaction of the subjects to various components of autonomous learning. The findings indicate that students in this group are to a large extent negatively predisposed to many of the components of autonomous learning. It concludes with the injunction that teachers should not assume that all students would be positively predisposed towards autonomy because of a number of reasons ranging from the psychological to the historical. It suggests that a lot of work needs to be done in order to bring these students around to accepting the usefulness of autonomous learning.  相似文献   

论后奥运时期民族传统体育与普通高校校本课程开发的融合     

朱江 《吉林体育学院学报》2010,26(3):146-147

采用文献资料和理论分析等研究方法,阐述了后奥运时期我国将走大力发展大众体育的路线,民族传统体育将是其中一个重要内容,民族传统体育在高校体育教育中的作用表明其是校本课程开发的重要资源,而校本课程的开发也促进了民族传统体育的发展,并提出后奥运时期普通高校民族传统体育课程开发之策略。  相似文献   

Role of Discrepant Questioning Leading to Model Element Modification     

Mary Anne Rea-Ramirez  Maria Cecilia Nunez-Oviedo  John Clement 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》2009,20(2):95-111

Discrepant questioning is a teaching technique that can help students “unlearn” misconceptions and process science ideas for deep understanding. Discrepant questioning is a technique in which teachers question students in a way that requires them to examine their ideas or models, without giving information prematurely to the student or passing judgment on the student’s model. This strategy prompts students to see the contradictions in their own model. This study focused on the analysis of small group tutoring sessions on human respiration. Individual and small group construction of mental models was analyzed after instructed with a standardized teaching sequence based on model construction and criticism theory (Rea-Ramirez in Model of conceptual understanding in human respiration and strategies for instruction, Dissertation Abstracts International, 59 (10), 5196B, 1998). Analysis provided deeper understanding of the role discrepant questioning played in this construction of understanding and suggested new models of learning.  相似文献   

学科门户智能搜索引擎的设计与构建——农业史门户搜索引擎的实验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘竟  侯汉清 《情报学报》2009,28(1)

面对搜索引擎基于关键词全文检索导致检索准确度低和学科信息门户加工描述只到站点级别的问题,作者提出了将搜索引擎和学科信息门户结合构建智能学科门户搜索引擎的建议--在经过学科专家筛选的、学科信息门户目录中的高质量网站中自动收集网页,形成网页索引,利用自动标引与自动分类方法对收集到的网页进行标引和分类,最后通过分类浏览目录与主题词检索的方式,向用户提供学术资源网页的查找.文章重点介绍了智能学科门户搜索引擎的网页采集、网页自动标引与自动分类及用户接口的设计与实现,并对该搜索引擎存在的问题进行了分析和讨论.  相似文献   

武汉城市圈建立智能交通运输管理系统研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

陈贞 《黄石理工学院学报(人文社科版)》2009,26(4):7-9,18

智能交通运输管理系统（ITS）是现代化的高科技与交通运输系统相结合的产物,它的主要优点是无需增加太多的投入就可以提高现有交通运输系统的效率。ITS在发达国家受到极大重视并被广泛应用,我国则处于地方试点的阶段。如果能在武汉城市圈内建立和发展智能交通运输管理系统,必将对城市圈内的交通运输业乃至全省的社会经济发展产生巨大的促进作用。  相似文献