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121.
What constitutes graduate employability is discursively framed. In this paper we argue that whilst universities in the UK have long had an involvement in producing useful and productive citizens, the ongoing neoliberalisation of higher education has engendered a discursive shift in definitions of employability. Traditionally, universities regarded graduate employment as an aspect of institutions’ relationship with the labour market, and one where they enjoyed a significant degree of discretion. Now, employability is a performative function of universities, shaped and directed by the state, which is seeking to supplant labour markets. We argue that this has three profound implications. First, state intervention in labour markets adjusts power balances in favour of employers. Second, contrary to the legitimising rationale of enhancing social justice, pursuit of employability agendas may well be creating two tiers of universities – those that produce docile employees and those that produce employers/leaders. And third, employability discourses may be adversely affecting pedagogies and curricula, to the disbenefit of students, institutions, employers, social justice and civil society. 相似文献
122.
Denise Jackson 《高等教育研究与发展》2013,32(5):776-790
Persistent gaps in certain non-technical skills in business graduates continue to impact on organisational performance and global competitiveness. Despite business schools' best efforts in developing non-technical skills, widely acknowledged as fundamental to graduate employability, there has been considerably less attention to measuring skill outcomes and even less on their subsequent transfer to the workplace. It appears stakeholders are assuming transfer occurs automatically in graduates, neglecting the influence of learning program, learner and workplace characteristics on this complex process and its potential impact on graduate employability. This paper unpacks the concept of transfer and proposes a model of graduate employability that incorporates the process. Measures for empirical analysis are discussed. Testing the model would indicate the extent to which transfer occurs and highlight collaborative strategies for employers, universities and graduates in nurturing learning and workplace environments in which transfer may flourish, taking us one step closer to the elusive ‘work-ready’ graduate. 相似文献
123.
温晓娣 《中国教育技术装备》2012,(18):26-27
就当前就业形势,提出从"软""硬"两个方面着手对大学毕业生进行教育与指导。"软"就是要转变就业观念,做好投身到基层工作的思想准备;"硬"就是要提高包括专业素质和非专业素质在内的综合就业能力,打好扎实基础。全面提升就业质量,必须以"硬"为基本,以"软"为关键。 相似文献
124.
Academic Literacies, the most influential conceptual framework for writing practitioners at UK universities, is closely related to widening participation. At the same time, writing support is often justified with the argument that written communication is among the most important employability skills for graduates. While these concepts are often used simultaneously, their underlying premises are not necessarily congruent. This paper reflects on a writing intervention that highlighted the difficulties that can arise from a seeming ‘pick and mix’ use of these two frameworks, Academic Literacies and writing as an Employability Skill. Based on this analysis of the practice of teaching writing at a post-92 university, it establishes the need for an expanded, theoretical framework for writing support. 相似文献
125.
Given global uncertainty related to rapid technological developments and the world of work, alongside other equally (if not more) concerning social and political disruptions – the assurance of graduate attributes of importance to employability and citizenship are arguably more important than ever. In this paper, we investigate three areas of practice by Australian universities, and non-university higher education providers who have been omitted from past analyses of this kind. First, we examine the graduate attributes most frequently published by institutions and discipline groups and whether emphasis has changed over time. Second, we investigate how graduate attributes are assured, including a scan of the inputs put in practice by higher education providers, and comparison of graduate and employer perceptions of achievement gathered through recent national surveys. Third, we connect our findings in the first two areas and make recommendations for the attributes needed to equip 2020+ graduates for citizenship and employability. Based on these analyses, we recommend that all providers, university and non-university, and the discipline groups within them: make graduate attributes more visible to the public and especially to students; continue embedding them in the assessed curricula, but also ensure that assessment is explicit and that attributes are communicated and explained repeatedly throughout the course; continue to use stakeholder perception measures, but more consistently align skills in data collection instruments to allow a more constructive comparison, and also draw on more objective measures such as actual assessment of achievement; continue to emphasise attributes associated with global citizenship, teamwork and communication; give more emphasis to independence, critical thinking and problem-solving, and the fundamental foundational skills of written and spoken communication. Most importantly, continue to revise the attributes regularly to ensure fitness for purpose in the rapidly changing environment within which we and our graduates operate. 相似文献
126.
王伟 《大同职业技术学院学报》2010,(5)
大学生就业能力是学界关注的热点问题之一,本文通过问卷调查法,对大学生就业能力的特点进行了实证研究。研究发现:大学生社会适应能力最强,而应聘能力最弱。而且大学生在自主能力和社会实践能力上还存在性别差异,而大学生是否参加社团活动也对它们的就业能力产生影响。最后,在数据的基础上对大学生就业能力的提高提出了几条策略。 相似文献
127.
基于可雇佣性视角的大学生职业能力结构及其维度研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
本研究基于可雇佣性视角,通过概括性模型法,在结构化访谈和德尔菲基础上确定大学生职业能力条目,在对毕业生调查的基础上进行聚类分析和探索性因子分析,在调查用人单位的基础上通过结构方程模型进行验证性因子分析,构建了包括5大维度、17个因子和55个条目的职业能力的结构,明确了大学生职业生涯开发的方向定位。 相似文献
128.
Salvation or a Broken Promise? Two Adult Graduates’ Social Positioning in Education and Working Life
Päivi Siivonen Katri Komulainen Hannu Räty Maija Korhonen Kati Kasanen Riitta Rautiainen 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2016,60(1):110-125
Finland has been celebrated as a country where everyone has the possibility to educate themselves and to get ahead in life through education. However, social differences of educability continue to persist and social differences of employability are further construed in the neo-liberal market economy. In this article we will examine 2 adult graduates’ educational and working life histories based on an 8-year qualitative follow-up study. Lisa with a working-class background and Henri from a middle-class family have both graduated from general upper-secondary school for adults and also accomplished higher education degrees in adulthood. Lisa and Henri's cases show how class and gender, as well as age, intertwine in the construction of educability and employability in different narrative environments. Based on our analysis, academic education may turn out as a broken promise instead of a great salvation with good occupational prospects for individuals like Lisa with a working-class background. 相似文献
129.
Economic success is an aim of governments around the world. Their ‘human capital’ stance towards higher education implies
the need to develop graduates’ capabilities to the full. The concept of graduate ‘employability’, currently being developed
in the light of theory and empirical data, is beginning to find acceptance in the UK. One of the keys to its acceptability
in higher education has been the alignment of employability with good learning – that is, learning that is manifested in complex
outcomes. However, the achievement of complex outcomes requires a programme-level focus, rather than a focus on individual
study units. This article reports on the way such a programme-level approach was adopted in four different universities in
the UK, and how relatively small-scale actions have the potential to augment students’ employability. The implications for
policy at the levels of the system, the higher education institution and the academic department are discussed. 相似文献
130.
ABSTRACTTo address the changing needs of the labour market better, higher education institutions have increasingly aimed to enhance their teaching quality and the learning experiences of their students. Therefore, a key concept of the missions of contemporary educational institutions is to improve students’ employability after graduation. Although extensive initiatives have been undertaken, educational mismatch remains intensely debated and may seriously challenge the greater use of limited human resources in Taiwan. In this study, a vocational-oriented department (baking) of a local well-known university was chosen for a case study. A holistic approach from student admission to entry in the labour market is adopted to analyse student learning, teaching, curriculum planning, and structural and enterprise demands to estimate the extent to which these graduates fit the requirement of employers. Research findings indicate multiple gaps in skill formation, intended labour needs, and career ladders. These gaps bring profound implications to questions about strengthening the linkage or transitioning from higher education to the labour market. 相似文献