Aiming for autonomy: formative peer assessment in a final-year undergraduate course     

Brent Carnell 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2016,41(8):1269-1283

This article takes a dual focus on the theme of student formative peer assessment. On the one hand it offers a thorough literature review in this field, while on the other it unpacks a case study of curriculum design where peer assessment has been adopted. The practical example draws on recent changes made to a third- and final-year undergraduate research dissertation course in a UK architectural school. Although peer assessment worked quite well in this small setting, similar findings might be uncovered when scaled up to larger cohorts, as well as other disciplines and year groups. The research findings are certainly relevant for other contexts. Qualitative research from a focus group with six students on the course informs the empirical body of the paper. Through engaging with students’ reflections, as well as the relevant literature, and reflexively looking at the curriculum changes, this paper discusses some of the benefits and drawbacks that can arise from peer assessment in this context. Peer assessment is not without its challenges and hiccups, but, despite these, the benefit to autonomous critical thinking cannot be understated. And arguably peer assessment is especially germane for final-year undergraduates as they embark on employment or more advanced studies.  相似文献   

Physical maltreatment of children with autism in Henan province in China: A cross-sectional study     

《Child abuse & neglect》2015

The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of child physical maltreatment (CPM) in children with autism aged 2–5 years in Henan province (China), and to explore the risk factors for severe CPM in these children. This cross-sectional study was performed at the Psychology Clinic of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between September 2012 and September 2013 with 180 parents of children with autism. Children and parents had no history of any cognitive therapy. The childhood autism rating scale (CARS) was used to evaluate the severity of autism in children. Data on parental CPM during the past 3 months were collected from parental self-reporting. Logistic regression was used to investigate the risk factors of severe CPM. CPM was self-reported by 88% of the parents of children with autism. One hundred and fifty four of these cases were in the minor CPM group (86%) and 64 in the severe CPM group (36%). Most cases of severe CPM were unlikely to have caused injury. Univariate analyses showed that child's age (p = .018), age started to speak (p = .043) and CARS score (p = .048) were associated with severe CPM. Child's age (p = .011) and CARS score (p = .041) were independently associated with severe CPM. The risk of severe CPM increased with age and CARS score. Our findings showed that CPM is widespread in families of children with autism in Central China and more knowledge should be provided to parents of children with autism, particularly in cases of severe autism (those with high CARS scores).  相似文献   

Do early care and education services improve language development for maltreated children? Evidence from a national child welfare sample     

《Child abuse & neglect》2015

Young children under 6 years old are over-represented in the U.S. child welfare system (CWS). Due to their exposure to early deprivation and trauma, they are also highly vulnerable to developmental problems, including language delays. High quality early care and education (ECE) programs (e.g. preschool, Head Start) can improve children's development and so policymakers have begun calling for increased enrollment of CWS-supervised children in these programs. However, it is not a given that ECE will benefit all children who experience maltreatment. Some types of maltreatment may result in trauma-related learning and behavior challenges or developmental deficits that cause children to respond to ECE settings differently. The current study uses data from a nationally representative survey of children in the U.S. child welfare system, the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being II, to assess whether young CWS-supervised children (N = 1,652) who were enrolled in ECE had better language development outcomes 18 months later than those not enrolled in ECE. We also explore whether the type of maltreatment that brought children to the CWS’ attention moderates the relationship between ECE and children's language development. After controlling for children's initial scores on the Preschool Language Scale (PLS-3), type(s) of maltreatment experienced, and child and caregiver demographics, we found that ECE participation predicted better PLS-3 scores at follow-up, with a positive interaction between ECE participation and supervisory neglect. ECE seems to be beneficial for CWS-involved children's early language development, especially for children referred to the CWS because they lack appropriate parent supervision at home.  相似文献   

近代中国高等体育教育发展历程的研究     

张艺琼  姜毅  闫二涛 《北京体育大学学报》2017,40(5):81-87

摘要：通过文献资料法、访谈法等研究方法，把近代中国社会变革、高等教育的发展以及近代体育的发展综合起来考量，结合在近代社会变迁过程中对近代高等体育教育产生重要影响的制度、思想、事件等，将近代中国高等体育教育历史划分为四个阶段：近代中国高等体育教育的萌芽期（1840年-1912年），近代中国高等体育教育的探索期（1912年-1927年），近代中国高等体育教育的成熟期（1927年-1937年），近代中国高等体育教育的困难时期（1937年-1949年）。进而对近代中国高等教育发展在各个阶段的背景、概貌和特点进行分析，其中又从办学宗旨、课程设置、师资力量和学生情况等方面对各阶段的发展概貌进行了具体分析，最后得到了高等体育教育的发展需要内外部动力的相互作用、兼顾社会需求和个人发展、保持好与国家政府之间的关系以及处理好办学质量与效益的关系等启示。对近代中国高等体育教育发展的历史脉络进行梳理并从中找寻经验规律，在为当代中国高等体育教育的发展提供历史参考方面有着重要的理论和实践意义。  相似文献   

经济全球化与我国体育科技产业海外发展研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

李少兰 《广州体育学院学报》2017,37(1):51-53

国际政治与经济发展的种种变革促成了今天经济的全球化发展态势,在高度发达的互联网技术以及文化多元化的国际文化价值观的双重影响下,经济全球化已从一种“趋势”发展成为了今天的显示,这种新态势迫使各国都在开发市场的同时,努力输出自己的产业,提升自身在全球化中的影响力.我国体育科技发展水平在举国体制的支撑下迅速发展,如同我国竞技体育水平一样,在很多方面处于国际领先地位.以人才和软科学输出为先导,带动实体产品的输出,同时,加强国内和国际市场的统一开发与把握,是我国体育科技产业海外发展的可行之路.  相似文献   

生活方式干预对心血管疾病危险因素的影响——美国HELPS项目成果     

Peter H. Brubaker  罗曦娟  Chelsea Boltj  Shuchang Du 《北京体育大学学报》2017,40(6):48-53

摘要：心血管疾病（CVD）一直是全世界最主要的死因。由于CVD等慢性疾病对健康的威胁越来越大，有必要开展生活方式干预项目以控制这些疾病的危险因素。本研究的目的是评估美国的重要慢病干预项目—HELPS治疗型生活方式改变（TLC）项目对减少CVD危险因素和其他慢性疾病的有效性。方法：140位大学教职工参加为期12周的HELPS TLC项目，干预前后用配对t检验对其体重、BMI、腰围（WC）、6分钟步行距离（6MWD）、空腹血脂和血糖进行测定和比较。结果：干预后6MWD显著增加，总胆固醇（TC）和WC显著下降。对“高危”参与者进一步分析显示：BMI（-1.5±0.5，-3.9%）、TC（- 22.8±4.0，-9.0%）、LDL（- 14.1±4.9，9.3%）和血糖（-6.9±2.2，-6.1%）均显著下降；男性腰围（-4.5±0.8，-10%）显著减小，女性未见显著改变（-1.5±0.5，-4.0%）。此外，体重的变化与TC（r=0.43）、LDL（r=0.35）和血糖（r=0.44）的变化均显著相关。结论：参加12周的生活方式干预项目可以使CVD危险因素减少，特别是在CVD“高危”个体中。HELPS TLC项目的远期效果还待进一步深入研究。  相似文献   

To what extent do frameworks of reading development and the phonics screening check support the assessment of reading development in England?          下载免费PDF全文

Jonathan Glazzard 《English in Education》2017,51(2):130-142

The purpose of this article is to question the suitability of the phonics screening check in relation to models and theories of reading development. The article questions the appropriateness of the check by drawing on theoretical frameworks which underpin typical reading development. I examine the Simple View of Reading developed by Gough and Tunmer and Ehri's model of reading development. The article argues that the assessment of children's development in reading should be underpinned and informed by a developmental framework which identifies the sequential skills in reading development.  相似文献   

Does working during higher education affect students’ academic progression?     

《Economics of Education Review》2014

This paper examines the effect of working during higher education on academic progression, in terms of number of credits acquired by first-year university students in Italy. We discuss different contrasting hypotheses on the role of employment during university on academic outcomes: the zero-sum perspective, the reconciliation thesis, the positive and the negative selection to work hypotheses. In the empirical part we analyze data from the Eurostudent survey, which collected data on a representative sample of university students who were enrolled in the academic year 2002/03, after the implementation of the ‘Bologna Process’. We use a negative binomial regression model considering work experience as an endogenous multinomial treatment. Results indicate that, conditional on observed covariates (socio-demographic variables, school-related and university-related variables), there is a positive self-selection into employment, especially for low-intensity work. Traditional multivariate regressions show a penalty in academic progression only for high-intensity workers, but once accounted for unobserved heterogeneity also the low-intensity work experience appears to negatively affect academic progression.  相似文献   

Becoming Fathers: Initial Exploration of a Support Program for New Fathers     

Stephanie R. Rayburn  J. Douglas Coatsworth 《The Journal of perinatal education》2021,30(2):78

Emerging fathers experience a variety of stressors, including identity and role transitions, changes in their relationships, and challenges in developing caregiving skills. Increasing expectations for father involvement in childcare are emphasizing the importance of the father role, but social supports for new fathers remain scarce. Nineteen expectant and new fathers participated in a pilot 5-week group intervention aimed at improving stress coping and involvement attitudes using a combination of mindfulness practices and skill-building for parenting and partner communication. We administered surveys pre- and postintervention to assess efficacy in the areas of stress, depressive symptoms, father involvement attitudes, and mindfulness. Within-participant differences were compared across participants as well as examining individual reliable change. Results indicated initial reductions in stress and depressive symptoms and increases in the mindfulness constructs of nonjudgment and nonreactivity. No significant changes were found in father involvement attitudes. Perinatal intervention specific to fathers holds promise as an underexplored avenue for supporting families across the transition to parenthood.  相似文献   

Are we using Friedman's roadmap? A comparative analysis of stimuli of private school enrolments in post-Soviet countries     

《International Journal of Educational Development》2014

There have been extensive scholarly debates on the role the private sector in the provision of schooling across the world. The former Soviet states have been largely excluded from these debates. This exploratory study examines the role the private sector in the formal provision of primary and secondary education in post-Soviet countries to demonstrate comparative trends and to provide a framework for the analysis of stimuli for private enrolments in the region. On the basis of the analysis of secondary data, documentary evidence and relevant literature, this paper shows that across the former Soviet countries, neoliberal ideas of education marketisation have not found fertile soil for development.  相似文献