Change-of-direction,speed and jump performance in soccer players: a comparison across different age-categories     

Irineu Loturco  Ian Jeffreys  César C. Cal Abad  Ronaldo Kobal  Vinicius Zanetti  Lucas A. Pereira 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(11-12):1279-1285

ABSTRACT

This study examined the age-specific development of vertical jump height, straight and change-of-direction (COD) speed, and COD deficit in one-hundred and eighty-two elite soccer players from different age-categories (U15, U17, U20, and Senior). All participants were players of two distinct clubs and were undertaking different training routines, as planned by their technical staff members. For this purpose, the soccer players performed: (1) squat and countermovement jumps; (2) a maximal 20-m linear sprint speed test, and (3) the Zigzag COD test. The magnitude-based inference approach and standardized differences were used to compare the age-groups. Sprint speed at longer distances (20-m) increased progressively across the age-ranges. In contrast, speed and acceleration performances at shorter distances (5-m) were better in U15 than in the other age-categories. The COD speed did not change throughout the younger categories but presented a meaningful decrease in the Senior category. Surprisingly, despite the progressive increase in volume and intensity of neuromuscular training from younger to older categories, the COD deficit presented a gradual increase across the age-groups. It is possible that simple modulation of the strength-power training program during the maturation process is not sufficient to produce faster adult players with enhanced ability to change direction. Therefore, coaches are strongly encouraged to implement specific COD training practices to tolerate braking at increasing running speeds and appropriate volume and intensity of soccer specific training throughout the players’ specialization process.  相似文献   

Relative age effect: Characteristics of youth soccer players by birth quarter and subsequent playing status     

António J. Figueiredo  Manuel J. Coelho-e-Silva  Sean P. Cumming  Robert M. Malina 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(6):677-684

Purpose: To compare characteristics of club level male soccer players 11 and 13 years of age, and to evaluate playing status in soccer two and 10 years after baseline by birth quarter (BQ).

Methods: Youth players 11 (n = 62, born 1992, observed December 2003) and 13 (n = 50, born 1990, observed April 2004) years were grouped by BQ. Baseline data included stature, weight, maturity status, functional capacities, soccer skills, goal orientation, and coach evaluation of potential. Playing status in soccer in 2006 and 2014 was also available. Baseline characteristics and subsequent playing status were compared by BQ.

Results: Baseline characteristics did not differ by BQ except for age and percentage of predicted adult height. Though not significant, coaches tended to rate players in BQ1as higher in potential. For those competing in soccer as adults, BQ2 (4), BQ3 (5) and BQ4 (2) were represented among players11 years, and BQ1 (3), BQ2 (2), BQ3 (1) and BQ4 (4) among players 13 years.

Conclusion: Although limited to small numbers, differences among players by BQ were inconsistent. The results indicate a need to extend potential explanations of the RAE to include behavioral variables, coaches, training environment, and perhaps the culture of the sport.  相似文献   

散打与摔跤运动员转型MMA比赛技术应用及获胜方式对比分析     

付翔  曲润杰  任丰超 《中华武术(研究)》2020,(4):113-116

本文采用问卷法、录像分析法、对比分析等研究方法,对散打和摔跋转型运动员在MMA比赛中的技术应用和获胜方式进行研究,分析他们的技术长处与存在不足,并提出相应改进建议,旨在为提高转型运动员综合实力、提高我国MMA运动技术水平提供参考。  相似文献   

运动员精准选材与“表遗选育”跨尺度关联性研究          下载免费PDF全文

沈勋章 《体育科研》2019,(2):64-67

创新驱动是国家科技发展战略规划纲要。我国运动员科学选材要走人类表型、运动型和基因型跨尺度关联性研究之路，走运动员选材与青少年育才相结合之路，其创新研究结点就是精准选材。“表遗选育”跨尺度关联性研究正是创新我国精准选材崭新的技术平台。在运动项目特征框架下，深化表型组学研究与结合基因测序才能找到精准选材的关联性突破。文章就运动员科学选材如何突破瓶颈，搭乘人类表型组计划的东风，顺势而为、锐意进取，实现体育人才精准选育进行了探索。  相似文献   

Experiences of amateur athletes’ non-participating entourage at participatory sport events     

Millicent Kennelly  Matthew Lamont  Peita Hillman  Brent Moyle 《Journal of Sport Tourism》2019,23(4):159-180

ABSTRACT

The proliferation of participatory sport events is attracting scholarly attention, with extant research primarily focusing on profiling participants, and understanding participants’ experiences. The experiences and perspectives of those who travel to participatory sport events to support competing athletes, the ‘non-participating entourage’ (NPE), have largely been overlooked. This stakeholder group is arguably under-recognised by those staging participatory sport events. The purpose of this study was to explore NPE experiences at participatory sport events, adopting a phenomenological approach and employing stakeholder theory as an interpretive lens. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 21 NPE of amateur athletes in Australia. Findings highlighted that NPE provide emotional and logistical support to their athlete at events. However, while providing support, NPE also experienced positive and negative emotions arising from contextual factors including their relationship to the athlete, group composition, athlete performance, and event design and conditions. This research highlights a vexed, though crucial stakeholder relationship between NPE and event management organisations, requiring unique stakeholder management strategies.  相似文献   

新中国成立70周年运动员社会养老保险制度述评:历史、困境与重构     

田蒙蒙 《体育科学》2020,(4):78-89

新中国成立70周年,我国体育事业取得了举世瞩目的成就。运动员养老保险制度进入社会保险阶段,但当前社会化的养老保险制度并不能解决运动员养老保障不平衡、不充分的问题。运动员养老保障的主要矛盾出现于退役之后,由此就运动员退役前后展开两分法四象限的制度研究。发现运动员的养老保险制度于退役前存在因试训期间运动员身份不明确导致养老保险制度适用困难;试训制度中断,养老保险制度发生异化;全生命周期保障视阈下以职业培训为核心的社会支持体系后置等问题。退役后运动员养老保险制度存在保障范围限缩导致制度目标偏离,运动员社会补偿理论阙如,以及因养老保险法律规范体系不健全导致的保障乏力等问题。在考察域外经验的基础上,应通过改革试训期间运动员的身份法律制度、协调试训与养老保险制度,以及通过前置职业培训制度完善社会支持体系,改善退役前的养老保险制度;并通过伤病退役运动员的归入、社会补偿理论的拓补,以及运动员养老保险法律制度的修缮,实现运动员退役后养老保险制度的重构。  相似文献   

运动员生态化发展研究          下载免费PDF全文

陈淑奇 《河北体育学院学报》2019,33(4):29-33

运动员的生态化发展，以马克思主义人的全面发展和生态文明的文明范式转变为理论背景和时代诉求。从本质上来讲，运动员的生态化发展是运动员自然而科学的发展。这一发展范式不仅是全球生态文明背景下的积极产物，也是体育生态化发展的本质体现与重要支撑。运动员生态化发展应遵循内在修养与外界影响双向结合、文化底蕴与专业技能统筹兼顾，道德素养与运动素质同抓并举的原则，从内在发展动力、外部推动力量、环境影响力量等方面寻求运动员生态化发展从“自在”到“自为”的途径。  相似文献   

关于柔道运动员掌指损伤的分析研究     

张卫东 《当代体育科技》2020,(11):30-31

目前柔道这个项目世界上已经广泛开展,通过本队多年来的情况和了解其他代表队的情况,运动员手指损伤。大部分是韧带损伤或关节变形脱位。柔道运动员手指损伤、关节变形,这与柔道项目特殊性有关系,它对训练和比赛的技术发挥会造成极大的影响。本文主要对柔道运动员训练以及比赛过程中掌指损伤的情况进行分析及预防策略进行有针对性的研究。  相似文献   

我国职业篮球运动员国际化发展瓶颈的制度文化分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

韩海波 《南京体育学院学报(社会科学版)》2010,24(4):67-70

为加快我国篮球运动国际化发展步伐,促进我国篮球运动技战术水平的全面提高,本文采用文献资料法、数理统计法以及逻辑推理法,系统分析了上世纪80年代以来我国优秀篮球运动员征战NBA的艰难历程,从现象解读我国优秀篮球运动员国际化发展遭遇一系列＂NBA尴尬＂的制度文化原因。并提出了促进我国职业篮球科学化发展以及面向国际市场的对应性措施。  相似文献   

黑龙江省田径径赛运动员运动损伤的调查与分析     

刘聪 《吉林体育学院学报》2010,26(4):88-89

主要运用了文献资料法、调查访问法、问卷调查法、逻辑分析法和数理统计法等研究方法,通过对黑龙江省田径径赛运动员运动损伤的调查,了解损伤现状,探究损伤特点,进而分析主要致因,提出预防措施及建议,旨在提高和加强田径径赛运动员和教练员的自我预防意识,使运动员尽量减少和避免运动损伤的发生,促进径赛项目运动的健康发展。  相似文献