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81.
《文物保护研究》2013,58(3):143-154
Abstract

Since 1980, much research in the field of treatment and conservation of archaeological wood has been carried out at the Conservation Department, Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University. Materials and methods used in conservation have been changing gradually over the years worldwide. It was necessary to study critically previous masters and doctoral dissertations on Egyptian archaeological and historic wood, all written in Arabic. This review of them includes a brief history of the Conservation Department at Cairo University and five main focal points of past research: types of wood used throughout Egyptian history, assessment of wood decay, wood properties and composition, treatment and conservation of decorated wood, and the evaluation of chemicals and polymers used in the treatment of archaeological wood and composite objects containing wood.  相似文献   
82.
《文物保护研究》2013,58(5):291-305
Abstract

The possible meanings in conservation of the word authenticity are discussed and some different definitions are briefly evaluated. Recent research showing the brain reacts differently to the concepts of copy and authentic is reviewed. The relationship between cultural heritage charters and how authenticity has been employed in them is explored with examples from the Athen's Charter, The Venice Charter, The Nara Document, The San Antonio Declaration, and the UNESCO World Heritage Documents. Several examples are discussed in the text concerning the interactions between authenticity and restoration, employing the examples of ancient buildings and old master paintings. Some of the important writings on the subject of authenticity by scholars and art historians are reviewed. Criteria which could be used to evaluate the concept of authenticity in different cultural settings are discussed and these are illustrated with case studies taken from restoration carried out on ancient marble sculptures, the Sistine Chapel frescoes by Michelangelo, and the artwork of several prominent forgers. Given that concerns about the authenticity of art are multi-dimensional, it is important that the present fragmentation of the arguments concerning authenticity across the disciplines properly take into account the conservation field and are aware of the debates within conservation concerning this topic. The questioning of the relevance of authenticity is a healthy process, and may now be framed quite differently from the way in which it was discussed even 20 years ago.  相似文献   
83.
由于特殊的地理环境和文化传统,营建土建筑在中国西北部和中亚地区非常普遍,至今还有大量的土建筑遗址得以较好保存,并且成为探寻这些地区历史变迁不可多得的实物遗存。这些土建筑的建造工艺,可以指导今天在这些地区的建筑设计。本文以新疆吐鲁番交河故城保护研究和文物本体保护工程实践为基础,阐述了土建筑遗址保护理念的探索与实践。  相似文献   
84.
高黎贡山自然保护区中段和南段的9个调查点进行保护意识调查。结果表明9个调查点之间存在明显的保护意识差异,保护意识得分由高到低依次是:六库、百花岭、大塘、芒宽、界头、曲石、坝弯、赛格、上江。相关性分析表明性别、年龄、民族和职业等因素对保护意识高低影响不大;保护知识和态度之间呈明显的正相关,然而知识和态度都对行为影响不大,说明自然保护区在开展保护知识宣传的同时还要加强执法力度。  相似文献   
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