Open data: Quality over quantity     

《International Journal of Information Management》2017,37(3):150-154

Open data aims to unlock the innovation potential of businesses, governments, and entrepreneurs, yet it also harbours significant challenges for its effective use. While numerous innovation successes exist that are based on the open data paradigm, there is uncertainty over the data quality of such datasets. This data quality uncertainty is a threat to the value that can be generated from such data. Data quality has been studied extensively over many decades and many approaches to data quality management have been proposed. However, these approaches are typically based on datasets internal to organizations, with known metadata, and domain knowledge of the data semantics. Open data, on the other hand, are often unfamiliar to the user and may lack metadata. The aim of this research note is to outline the challenges in dealing with data quality of open datasets, and to set an agenda for future research to address this risk to deriving value from open data investments.  相似文献   

关于中国微生物组数据中心建设的思考          下载免费PDF全文

马俊才  赵方庆  苏晓泉  徐健  吴林寰 《中国科学院院刊》2017,32(3):290-296

近年来,美国、欧盟都陆续启动了微生物组相关的研究项目。但微生物组大数据的收集、存储、功能挖掘和开发利用一直是制约微生物组发展的核心问题。文章分析了我国目前在微生物组数据管理中存在着标准不统一、缺乏跨领域的数据整合、高质量的参考数据库和数据的深度挖掘技术等问题,提出适时启动"中国微生物组"计划,建立中国微生物组数据中心,在微生物组数据标准化的基础上,建立微生物组大数据计算、存储和共享平台,开发微生物组大数据挖掘的新方法,实现我国微生物组数据资源的系统管理和高效利用。  相似文献   

大数据治理的概念与要素探析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郑大庆 《科技管理研究》2017,(15)

随着信息、连接和计算能力这三大要素变得更加经济和便利,大数据应用将会变得越来越普及,如何发挥大数据应用的作用正是大数据治理关注的问题。从目的、权利层次、对象和解决的实际问题4个方面深入探析大数据治理的内涵,分析大数据治理应重点关注的领域,构建大数据治理框架,并进一步讨论大数据治理面临的挑战。论文在大数据治理内涵剖析和大数据要素框架构建方面作出新的尝试,以期为后续研究提供参考。  相似文献   

人力资本与欧盟区域创新活动研究——基于探索性空间数据分析和地理加权回归模型     

张涵 《科技管理研究》2017,(19)

运用探索性空间数据分析和地理加权回归方法,实证分析2008—2015年欧盟28个成员国人力资本要素的空间相关性及其对欧盟区域创新产出的影响。研究发现:第一,虽然人力资本要素存在空间相关性,但是正呈现扩散趋势;第二,不同国家的人力资本要素存在不同空间集聚模式;第三,欧盟多数国家的人力资本对专利申请量有正向作用,25~34岁博士毕业生数/千人对欧盟区域创新产出的正向作用最为突出,其次是非欧洲籍博士生比重和30~34岁受过高等教育人口比重,而20~24岁高中以上学历人口比重的推动作用有限,甚至会产生抑制作用。  相似文献   

所得税优惠对高新技术企业R&D的影响——以福建省上市高新技术企业为分析对象     

刘效梅 《科技管理研究》2017,(21)

用面板数据模型分析福建省上市高新技术企业2010—2015年的年度数据,以研究所得税优惠对企业RD的影响,发现所得税优惠总体上对企业研发投入强度的促进作用较小,对劳动力密集型企业和国有及国有控股企业的研发强度有一定的消极作用,对企业申请的专利数无影响。所得税优惠对RD的激励效果与企业年龄负相关。为了增强优惠政策效果,需要严格高新技术企业的认定和管理,协调好具有重叠效果的激励政策,激励方案要考虑企业的主要投入要素、所有制性质以及存续年限等差异。  相似文献   

Exploring benchmark corporations in the semiconductor industry based on efficiency     

Chia-Han Tsai  Hung-Yi Wu  I-Shuo Chen  Jui-Kuei Chen  Rih-Wei Ye 《The Journal of High Technology Management Research》2017,28(2):188-207

The aim of this study is to explore benchmark corporations in the semiconductor industry based on efficiency. In this study, perspectives of intellectual capital and corporate governance are taken into account for the input data, whereas firm value is considered as the output data. Data envelope analysis (DEA), including CCR and BCC models, is utilized to ensure that the benchmark standards are precisely selected. Based on the result, suggestions for both semiconductor corporations and future research are provided at the end of this article.  相似文献   

Across institutional boundaries?: Research collaboration in German public sector nanoscience     

Thomas Heinze  Stefan Kuhlmann 《Research Policy》2008,37(5):888-899

Research collaboration is a key mechanism for linking distributed knowledge and competencies into novel ideas and research venues. The need for effective inter-institutional knowledge flows is of particular importance in emerging domains of research, and also a challenge for public research systems with a high degree of institutional differentiation. Motivated by concerns about favorable institutional conditions for the conduct of scientific research, we analyze research collaboration in the emergent domain of nanoscience within the highly segmented German public research system. Drawing on multiple data sources, such as co-publications, macro research statistics, and in-depth interviews, we identify governance structures that support or hinder scientists’ efforts to engage in collaborative work relations across institutional boundaries.  相似文献   

Using information gain to improve multi-modal information retrieval systems     

M.T. Martín-Valdivia  M.C. Díaz-GalianoA. Montejo-Raez  L.A. Ureña-López 《Information processing & management》2008

Nowadays, access to information requires managing multimedia databases effectively, and so, multi-modal retrieval techniques (particularly images retrieval) have become an active research direction. In the past few years, a lot of content-based image retrieval (CBIR) systems have been developed. However, despite the progress achieved in the CBIR, the retrieval accuracy of current systems is still limited and often worse than only textual information retrieval systems. In this paper, we propose to combine content-based and text-based approaches to multi-modal retrieval in order to achieve better results and overcome the lacks of these techniques when they are taken separately. For this purpose, we use a medical collection that includes both images and non-structured text. We retrieve images from a CBIR system and textual information through a traditional information retrieval system. Then, we combine the results obtained from both systems in order to improve the final performance. Furthermore, we use the information gain (IG) measure to reduce and improve the textual information included in multi-modal information retrieval systems. We have carried out several experiments that combine this reduction technique with a visual and textual information merger. The results obtained are highly promising and show the profit obtained when textual information is managed to improve conventional multi-modal systems.  相似文献   

多源遥感数据在植被识别和提取中的应用   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

高晓岚  汪小钦 《资源科学》2008,30(1):153-158

不同类型的遥感数据有着自己独特的优势,如果综合应用,可以实现信息的互补,提高地物的识别精度。本文以福建省漳浦县为研究区域,利用SPOT5、ASTER和CBERS等多源遥感数据对植被的识别和提取方法进行研究,建立了基于多源遥感数据的专题信息提取流程。首先设计了基于不同植被专题信息自动提取的专家库,对单一遥感数据进行专题提取,然后基于专家知识进行决策级植被信息融合。多源遥感数据所提供的信息的优越性在于可以将不同传感器的光谱信息和时相特征进行互补,利用不同植被在不同遥感数据上的特征和专家知识,建立隶属度函数,判剐每个像元的归属,完成研究区不同植被类型的专题提取。结果表明,与单一传感器数据的结果相比,综合利用多源遥感数据能较大程度地提高植被的提取精度。  相似文献   

数字校园中基于SOA的数据交换平台设计     

彭政  聂瑞华 《科技广场》2008,(3):72-74

为解决目前高校内异构环境下的数据集成共享,以SOA观点出发,提出一种基于开源企业服务总线的数据交换平台。该平台采用开源ESB:ServiceMix作为核心,使用开放Web Services接口提供各系统与数据中心的服务通信,使用数据库中间件WII进行数据过滤。该平台的设计使整个数字校园的性能、安全性、灵活性得到提高。  相似文献