体医融合发展：财税激励模式与中国现实选择     

杨京钟  于洪军  仇军  冯晓露  郑志强 《武汉体育学院学报》2021,55(10):13-19

在健康中国和全民健身国家战略背景下,为研究体医融合发展的财税激励模式及其激励作用,运用理论分析、文献分析、比较分析等方法对政府财税宏观调控政策促进体医融合发展进行研究,对国外体医融合财税激励模式及其政策经验进行具体比较。研究表明,一方面,政府财税宏观政策与体医融合服务具有紧密的关联度。另一方面,在体医融合进程中,中国应积极借鉴国外体医融合财税激励模式的国际经验,立足中国体医融合的现实国情,取长补短,为我所用。构建政府主导推进,市场供给为主,政府与企业协同合作的体医融合财税激励模式,走出具有中国特色和符合中国国情的体医融合可持续高质量发展之路。  相似文献   

Monetary and Nonmonetary Student Incentives for Tutoring Services: A Randomized Controlled Trial     

《Journal of research on educational effectiveness》2013,6(4):453-474

Abstract

In recent years, the largely punitive accountability measures imposed by the 2001 No Child Left Behind Act have given way to an emphasis on financial incentives. Although most policy interventions have focused primarily on linking teacher compensation to student test scores, several recent studies have examined the prospects for the use of financial incentives for students to improve student outcomes. This study builds on the existing literature by comparing student responses to monetary and nonmonetary (certificates of recognition) incentives to increase participation in federally funded supplemental educational services (SEdS). Approximately 300 eligible middle grade students who had signed up for SEdS were randomly selected and then assigned to either a control condition that received no incentive, a monetary reward group that could earn up to $100 for regular attendance, or a nonmonetary group that could receive a certificate of recognition signed by the district superintendent. Although the benefits of the monetary incentives were negligible, the students in the certificate group attended 42.5% more of their allotted tutoring hours than those assigned to control. The effect of the certificate was particularly strong for female students, who attended 26% more of their allocated tutoring hours compared to males who were also offered certificates. These results suggest the need for further research into the role of nonmonetary incentives in motivating student behaviors. Also, the findings could be useful to policymakers at the state or district level seeking cost-effective mechanisms to increase uptake of underutilized student supports.  相似文献   

论循环经济促进法的基本原则     

蒋冬梅  赵湘军 《广东教育学院学报》2013,(6):46-49,95

循环经济法的基本原则是在循环经济促进法的立法和具体适用中所应遵循的准则。循环经济促进法的基本原则应包括：环境友好原则;新3R原则,包括减量化原则、再利用原则及再循环原则;共同责任原则,包括政府主导责任原则、生产者责任延伸及公众参与原则;经济激励原则。  相似文献   

科技报告撰写和呈交的激励机制探讨     

张奎勇  周杰 《中国科技资源导刊 (中国信息导报)》2013,(4):100-103

科技报告是科研过程和结果等的记录,是国家的战略资源。总结国内外科技报告建设现状,概述管理激励 理论,得出其对科技报告撰写和呈交的激励机制的启示。最后,对科技报告撰写和呈交的激励措施进行了探讨,即提 升科技报告的地位;提供科技报告撰写和管理专项经费;利用正性攀比心理,对优秀科技报告撰写者进行表扬;科学 研究鼓励引用科技报告;将撰写和呈交合格的科技报告作为再次申请项目的依据。  相似文献   

Incentives for School Diversification     

《Journal of School Choice》2013,7(2):1-31

ABSTRACT

Reforms using market-style mechanisms of parental choice and competition between schools are intended to leverage change by compelling schools to diversify options and increase effectiveness. Yet, some research challenges those assumptions, suggesting that schools in competitive climates are more likely to focus on image management to attract a more desirable student intake than to engage in substantive innovations to improve student outcomes. This analysis examines school responses to competition in two local education markets representing a mix of public (including charter) and private school types. School promotional signals to consumers are studied in order to understand school perceptions and responses to underlying competitive incentive structures-incentives that reformers intended to encourage programmatic improvement and diversification of options along a horizontal axis of diverse consumer preferences. A review of marketing materials demonstrates that many schools are instead adopting marketing strategies designed to attract “better” students-often from schools considered to be successful, rather than from the failing schools reformers had targeted. These patterns of vertical differentiation suggest that schools may be acting in ways that reflect contradictory incentives shaping how schools engage the marketplace.  相似文献   

“哑巴英语”的成因及对策研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

赵斌  张秋凤 《山西财经大学学报(高等教育版)》2009,12(3):63-66

文章从对大学英语口语教学过高的期望值与其“先天不良、后天不足”的现状这对矛盾体入手,提出应该客观、理性地看待“哑巴英语”现象。造成“哑巴英语”现象的原因有三点,即学生的学习动机和态度、语言环境的缺失以及缺乏英语口语的考核机制,文章提出了相应的解决对策。  相似文献   

异质市场技术创新博弈     

袁文榜  赵新良  陈忠全 《研究与发展管理》2009,21(6)

技术作为厂商的一种生产要素,不仅影响着厂商的生产成本,而且还决定着厂商新产品开发及产品质量的改善和突破.在一个垂直产品差异的双寡头垄断市场条件下,技术创新会给生产不同质量水平的厂商带来不同的激励水平,特别是厂商进行产品创新时,生产低质量产品的厂商有可能通过创新而成为处于统治地位的高质量厂商.  相似文献   

市场壁垒、制度性激励与合作社成长——红顺农民专业合作社案例研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

何安华  孔祥智  王舒婷 《中国软科学》2012,(3):60-68

本文以红顺中药材农民专业合作社为例,刻画了转型经济中合作社是如何突破市场壁垒的。研究表明,合作社的成长是不断突破市场壁垒与争取制度性激励的过程,也是其有效协调资源与管理职能的结果。合作社充分发挥地缘优势联结农户是能够突破市场壁垒的。政府提供的制度性激励发挥着分担合作社突破市场壁垒成本、降低市场壁垒高度的作用,对市场壁垒存在部分替代效应,是促进合作社成长的重要因素。  相似文献   

Above a swamp: A theory of high-quality scientific production     

Bralind Kiri  Nicola Lacetera  Lorenzo Zirulia 《Research Policy》2018,47(5):827-839

We elaborate a model of the incentives of scientists to perform activities of control and criticism when these activities, just like the production of novel findings, are costly, and we study the strategic interaction between these incentives. We then use the model to assess policies meant to enhance the reliability of scientific knowledge. We show that a certain fraction of low-quality science characterizes all the equilibria in the basic model. In fact, the absence of detected low-quality research can be interpreted as the lack of verification activities and thus as a potential limitation to the reliability of a field. Incentivizing incremental research and verification activities improves the expected quality of research; this effect, however, is contrasted by the incentives to free ride on performing verification if many scientists are involved, and may discourage scientists to undertake new research in the first place. Finally, softening incentives to publish does not enhance quality, although it increases the fraction of detected low-quality papers. We also advance empirical predictions and discuss the insights for firms and investors as they “scout” the scientific landscape.  相似文献   

强化激励、隐性知识转化与组织创造力的相关性研究_*     

张渊  张同建 《科技管理研究》2018,38(1)

研发型团队组织创造力的成长是国家创新战略的核心内容之一。长期以来,我国研发型团队的激励过分注重需求激励、目标激励、期望激励和公平激励等内部性激励,忽视了强化激励的作用。隐性知识是研发型团队的主体性知识资本,知识转化是研发型团队的主导性知识行为。基于长三角高新技术企业研发型团队的样本数据,借助于结构方程模型,强化激励、隐性知识转化和组织创造力的相关性研究可以揭示强化激励在组织创造力培育目标上的微观促进机理,发现对隐性知识转化的优势促进路径和不足之处,从而为强化激励的深化和拓展提供现实性的理论借鉴。研究表明：正强化激励对知识社会化、外显化、内隐化存在促进作用,负强化激励仅对知识外显化存在促进作用,知识社会化、外显化和内隐化对组织创造力的成长存在促进作用。  相似文献