弗朗斯德象征主义健康观及其现实意义     

张立天 《山西师大体育学院学报》2005,20(3):34-35,44

在阐明弗朗斯德象征主义健康观的内涵的基础上，对他的健康观进行客观地分析，从哲学角度剖析它存在的问题及可能导致的问题。通过分析得出弗朗斯德的健康观是一种象征主义理想状态，他无法实现自我的同一，但却给我们提供了一种积极向上的生存状态，从而对健康的概念有更深刻的理解。  相似文献   

Embellishing Problem-Solving Examples with Deep Structure Information Facilitates Transfer     

Hee Seung Lee  Shawn Betts  John R. Anderson 《Journal of Experimental Education》2017,85(2):309-333

Appreciation of problem structure is critical to successful learning. Two experiments investigated effective ways of communicating problem structure in a computer-based learning environment and tested whether verbal instruction is necessary to specify solution steps, when deep structure is already embellished by instructional examples. Participants learned to solve algebra-like problems and then solved transfer problems that required adjustment of learned procedures. Experiment 1 demonstrated that verbal instruction helped learning by reducing learners' floundering, but its positive effect disappeared in the transfer. More importantly, students transferred better when they studied with examples that emphasized problem structure rather than solution procedure. Experiment 2 showed that verbal instruction was not necessarily more effective than nonverbal scaffolding to convey problem structure. Final understanding was determined by transparency of problem structure regardless of presence of verbal instruction. However, verbal instruction had a positive impact on learners by having them persist through the task, and optimal instructional choices were likely to differ depending on populations of learners.  相似文献   

Home learning environment and development of child competencies from kindergarten until the end of elementary school     

《Contemporary educational psychology》2017

Literacy and mathematical competencies are essential for a successful school career and precursors of these abilities develop in kindergarten. In addition to children’s early cognitive abilities, family characteristics such as the socioeconomic status and the home learning environment (HLE) are predictors of early child competencies. However, few studies outside the US and the UK have analyzed long-term effects of the early HLE on child development, simultaneously considering various explanatory factors. In this longitudinal study, data of 920 German children were obtained in kindergarten some 18 months before school entry (child mean age: 4;10). At this point, precursors of reading, spelling and mathematics were assessed. In addition, parents were asked to complete surveys on family characteristics. Child assessments were repeated with standardized measures of mathematical and literacy abilities at the end of Grade 1 and in the middle of Grade 4 (child mean age: 9;9), the final grade in German elementary schools. In Grade 4, teachers were also asked to provide their recommendation for children’s secondary school track (“Hauptschule” for lowest secondary school track, “Realschule”, or “Gymnasium” as highest secondary school track). HLE was not only a good predictor of early abilities, but also directly predicted competencies at the end of elementary school when precursors, former academic achievement and child and family characteristics were controlled for. In addition, children living in more favorable HLEs were more likely to be recommended for higher secondary school tracks by their teachers.  相似文献   

融入基础力学内容的“计算方法”课程延拓性教学实践     

彭凡 《科教文汇》2020,(14):62-63

在计算方法课程教学中融入理论力学、材料力学知识内容,提出延拓性教学的三个层次:一是由力学问题认识基本数学问题的来源与背景;二是掌握基本数学模型的数值求解方法与理论;三是通过编程实验环节将具体力学问题转化成数学模型求数值解。近几年的课程教学效果调查表明,采用延拓性教学法能有效提高学生的学习主动性、综合应用所学知识分析问题和解决问题的能力。  相似文献   

基于IOWA算子的组合预测方法   总被引：25，自引：0，他引：25  

陈华友  刘春林 《预测》2003,22(6):61-65

有序加权平均(OWA)算子是近年来发展的在多属性决策中用于集结各决策者的偏好信息或方案优选的方法。通过引进诱导有序加权平均(IOWA)算子，提出了以误差平方和为准则新的组合预测模型，给出了IOWA权系数的确定的数学规划方法。该模型能提高组合预测精度，最后的实例分析表明了模型的有效性。  相似文献   

淡水生态系统中的复杂性问题   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

沈韫芬  蔡庆华 《中国科学院研究生院学报》2003,20(2):131-138

淡水生态系统中的复杂性问题 ,可由水体类型的复杂性 ,水体形成的复杂性 ,水生生物的多样性 ,以及生态系统结构、功能的复杂性和格局、过程的复杂性 ,流域影响的复杂性 ,人类干扰的复杂性等构成 .简要介绍了中国淡水生态学研究的某些进展与动态 ,并针对淡水生态学研究所面临的主要问题———湖泊富营养化和蓝藻水华上暴发的相关研究作了介绍 ;结合国际生态学研究的最新动态 ,还探讨了淡水生态学研究可能的发展方向 .淡水生态系统复杂性研究可能取得的进展有如下几个方面 :RCC (rivercontinuumconcept河流连续统 )理论 ,以IBI (indexforbi oticintegrity生物完整性指数 )和IWI (indexofwatershedindicators)等为代表的生态系统健康研究 ,scaling(尺度推绎 )与fractal(分形 ) ,生态系统管理与信息系统 ,空间数据分析与异质性 ,数学模型与混沌等  相似文献   

如何鉴别史书韵语中所包含的方言     

王冲 《内蒙古大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2011,(5):106-108

史书中所透露出的方言痕迹是非常宝贵的,如果把这些线索整理出来,就能为某一个时期的语音研究提供很有价值的参考。但是史书语料的方言成分往往和共同语交织在一起,其韵语的性质较为复杂,因此如何把方言从共同语中搜寻出来,是我们在研究史书韵语时需要考察的一个重要问题。笔者认为,可以通过选取典型作家的作品以及合韵这两种方法来鉴别史书中的方言。  相似文献   

高等数学教学中学生提出问题影响因素的调查研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王有文  周志海 《四川教育学院学报》2011,27(3):27-29

在高等数学教学中培养学生提出问题的能力有重要意义,而提出问题又受到多种因素的影响。通过调查研究分析各种因素的影响,为提出问题能力的提高提供依据及相应的措施。  相似文献   

The views of Pasifika students in New Zealand about communicating mathematically     

Sashi Sharma  Jenny Young-Loveridge  Merilyn Taylor  Ngärewa Häwera 《Asia Pacific Journal of Education》2011,31(4):503-519

This paper focuses on the perspectives of Years 7 and 8 Pasifika students on mathematics learning, in particular their views about the communication of solution strategies with others (their peers), and their teacher. Pasifika students' ideas about the importance of communicating their mathematical reasoning and strategies to peers and teachers were analysed and themes identified. While most students were in agreement about the importance of explaining their thinking to others, there was considerable variation in the reasons they gave for their views. The findings are interpreted in relation to socio-cultural theory and recent writing about requirements for citizenship in the twenty-first century.  相似文献   

数学文化在数学教育中的意义     

王燕 《佳木斯教育学院学报》2011,(2):214+216-214,216

文章通过分析数学教育现有形势,简述了数学文化的内涵,并且着重分析了数学文化在数学教育中的作用和意义。  相似文献