Eating disorder prevention initiatives for athletes: A review     

Rachel J. Bar  Stephanie E. Cassin  Michelle M. Dionne 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(3):325-335

A substantial amount of evidence suggests that collegiate and elite athletes involved in weight-sensitive sports are at greater risk of developing eating disorders (EDs) than the general population. With the limited effectiveness of treatment for EDs, prevention of EDs has been broadly considered in the literature. The present paper reviewed the existing literature on ED prevention programmes for athletes in order to determine the current status of prevention programmes and recommend future directions. The available literature suggests that selective, primary interventions with multiple targets and an interactive multimodal approach appear most effective. Current challenges in the field, including lack of longitudinal research, hesitation by the sport community to be involved in ED research and poor cross-field communication and collaboration, are also explored. The lack of dissemination of evidence-based prevention programmes and the simultaneous promotion of prevention programmes that have not yet been empirically examined are also discussed. Based on these observations future directions are recommended.  相似文献   

Self-reported symptoms and risk factors for digital ischaemia among international world-class beach volleyball players     

Daan Van De Pol  Sena Alaeikhanehshir  Mario Maas  P. Paul F.M. Kuijer 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(12):1141-1147

The prevalence of ischaemia-related symptoms is remarkably high among elite indoor volleyball players. Since the exposure to sport-specific demands may be higher in beach volleyball compared to indoor volleyball, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of ischaemia-related symptoms and associated risk factors among world-class beach volleyball players. Therefore, a questionnaire survey was performed among beach volleyball players active during the 2013 Grand Slam Beach Volleyball in the Netherlands. In total, 60 of the 128 beach volleyball players (47%) participated: 26 males and 34 females from 17 countries. The self-reported prevalence of cold or blue or pale digits in the dominant hand during or immediately after practice or competition was 38% (n = 23). Two risk factors were independently associated with symptoms of blue or pale digits: more than 14 years playing volleyball (odds ratio (OR) 4.42, 90% confidence interval (90% CI) 1.30–15.07) and sex (female) (OR 4.62, 90% CI 1.15–18.57). In conclusion, the prevalence of symptoms associated with digital ischaemia is high among international world-class beach volleyball players. Female sex and the length of the volleyball career were independently associated with an increased risk of ischaemia-related symptoms. The high prevalence of these seemingly innocuous symptoms and possible associated risk factors warrant regular monitoring since early detection can potentially prevent thromboembolic complications and irreversible tissue damage.  相似文献   

Hip and upper extremity kinematics in youth baseball pitchers     

Taylor Holt 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(9):856-861

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between dynamic hip rotational range of motion and upper extremity kinematics during baseball pitching. Thirty-one youth baseball pitchers (10.87 ± 0.92 years; 150.03 ± 5.48 cm; 44.83 ± 8.04 kg) participated. A strong correlation was found between stance hip rotation and scapular upward rotation at maximum shoulder external rotation (r = 0.531, P = 0.002) and at ball release (r = 0.536, P = 0.002). No statistically significant correlations were found between dynamic hip rotational range of motion and passive hip range of motion. Hip range of motion deficits can constrain pelvis rotation and limit energy generation in the lower extremities. Shoulder pathomechanics can then develop as greater responsibility is placed on the shoulder to generate the energy lost from the proximal segments, increasing risk of upper extremity injury. Additionally, it appears that passive seated measurements of hip range of motion may not accurately reflect the dynamic range of motion of the hips through the progression of the pitch cycle.  相似文献   

预防学生伤害事故发生的措施     

房兆霞  杜广先 《河北职业技术学院学报》2007,7(2):66-67

在影响学校稳定的众多因素中,学生伤害事故最引人关注。我国在校学生人身伤害事故的频繁发生,给受害学生及其家长带来身体及精神上的极大伤害。为了学生的健康发展,减少和避免学生伤害事故,学校应采取措施积极预防。  相似文献   

Ankle and knee kinetics between strike patterns at common training speeds in competitive male runners     

Daniel Kuhman  Daniel Melcher 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(4):433-440

The purpose of this study was to investigate the interaction of foot strike and common speeds on sagittal plane ankle and knee joint kinetics in competitive rear foot strike (RFS) runners when running with a RFS pattern and an imposed forefoot strike (FFS) pattern. Sixteen competitive habitual male RFS runners ran at two different speeds (i.e. 8 and 6?min?mile^?1) using their habitual RFS and an imposed FFS pattern. A repeated measures analysis of variance was used to assess a potential interaction between strike pattern and speed for selected ground reaction force (GRF) variables and, sagittal plane ankle and knee kinematic and kinetic variables. No foot strike and speed interaction was observed for any of the kinetic variables. Habitual RFS yielded a greater loading rate of the vertical GRF, peak ankle dorsiflexor moment, peak knee extensor moment, peak knee eccentric extensor power, peak dorsiflexion and sagittal plane knee range of motion compared to imposed FFS. Imposed FFS yielded greater maximum vertical GRF, peak ankle plantarflexor moment, peak ankle eccentric plantarflexor power and sagittal plane ankle ROM compared to habitual RFS. Consistent with previous literature, imposed FFS in habitual RFS reduces eccentric knee extensor and ankle dorsiflexor involvement but produce greater eccentric ankle plantarflexor action compared to RFS. These acute differences between strike patterns were independent of running speeds equivalent to typical easy and hard training runs in competitive male runners. Current findings along with previous literature suggest differences in lower extremity kinetics between habitual RFS and imposed FFS running are consistent among a variety of runner populations.  相似文献   

Lower limb alignment characteristics are not associated with running injuries in runners: Prospective cohort study     

Luiz Carlos Hespanhol Junior  Aline Carla Araújo de Carvalho  Leonardo Oliveira Pena Costa 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(8):1137-1144

There is conflicting evidence on the association between lower limb alignment characteristics and the incidence of running-related injury (RRI). Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to investigate the association between lower limb alignment characteristics and the incidence proportion of RRI in a convenience sample of recreational runners. A total of 89 recreational runners were included in this prospective cohort study. These participants had been running for at least six months and were injury-free at baseline. Lower limb alignment measurements were conducted in order to calculate lower limb discrepancy, Q-angle, subtalar angle and plantar index. All participants also answered a baseline and biweekly online surveys about their running routine, history of RRI and newly developed RRI over a period of 12 weeks. The prevalence of previous RRI and the 12-week incidence proportion of new RRI were calculated. Logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the association between lower limb length discrepancy, Q-angle, subtalar angle and plantar ach index with the incidence proportion of RRI. The prevalence of previous RRI was 55.1% (n?=?49). The 12-week incidence proportion of new RRI was 27.0% (n?=?24). Muscle injuries and tendinopathies were the main types of RRI identified. The lower leg and the knee were the main anatomical regions affected. We did not find significant associations between lower limb length discrepancy, Q-angle, subtalar angle and plantar arch index and injury occurrence.  相似文献   

《家庭暴力防治法》立法问题研究     

邹艳晖 《鸡西大学学报》2007,7(1):57-59

目前,我国家庭暴力问题令人担忧,其中重要原因之一是我国现行法律在规制家庭暴力方面存在不足。应制定专门《家庭暴力防治法》,明确《家庭暴力防治法》在法律体系中的地位,明确家庭暴力举证的特殊要求,明确相关机构干预家庭暴力的责任,明确规定施暴者的法律责任,在立法时并对弱势群体有所倾斜。  相似文献   

工程承包投标的决策分析     

游学民 《襄樊职业技术学院学报》2004,3(2):88-89

利用决策树方法计算了在工程承包投标过程中各方案的期望值大小。并对投标风险进行了分析；利用回归分析分析了投标前投标费用的确定方法。  相似文献   

紫外线的应用、预报及其预防     

南景宇  岳建一 《河北北方学院学报(社会科学版)》2003,19(3):15-19

随着现代科学技术的进步,紫外技术已得到广泛应用和发展,人类对紫外线的认识越来越全面,对紫外线的预报和预防越来越重视,紫外线与人们日常生活的关系也越来越紧密。然而,在《大学物理》、《光学》等教程中却很少涉及有关紫外线方面的内容,文章力图向大家介绍有关这方面的情况。  相似文献   

注册会计师职业判断的运用研究     

刘春雨 《商丘职业技术学院学报》2006,5(4):47-48

新会计制度的颁布实施,增大了会计处理的选择空间。会计人员运用专业理论知识和实践经验进行职业判断的内容也有所增加,从而必然对审计人员的专业判断能力提出更高的要求。注册会计师的职业判断尤为重要,它贯穿于审计工作的全过程,具有广泛的应用范围。  相似文献