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Nicholas A. Bowman Alyssa N. Rockenbach Matthew J. Mayhew Tiffani A. Riggers-Piehl Tara D. Hudson 《Research in higher education》2017,58(1):98-118
Atheists are often marginalized in discussions of religious and spiritual pluralism on college campuses and beyond. As with other minority worldview groups, atheists face challenges with hostile campus climates and misunderstanding of their views. The present study used a large, multi-institutional sample to explore predictors of non-atheist college students’ appreciative attitudes toward atheists. Substantial differences were found across identities; secular and spiritual worldview groups hold the most positive views, whereas Christians and Muslims have the most negative attitudes. Interactions with worldview diversity—but not general religious/spiritual engagement—consistently predict more positive attitudes, and these relationships sometimes vary based on students’ own worldviews. These results suggest that colleges and universities can create more inclusive environments for atheists, who constitute a sizable minority group on today’s college campuses. 相似文献
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The purpose of this paper is to identify factors that create a positive climate for diversity and to demonstrate how these
factors predict outcomes related to achieving a positive campus climate for diversity. Based on survey data collected from
437 staff members employed at a large, public, predominantly White university in the Midwest, results suggest that the institution’s
ability to achieve a positive climate for diversity reflects not only the personal characteristics of the staff member (race,
gender, education level, and age) but also their perceptions of their immediate work environment. Implications are discussed. 相似文献
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Matthew J. Mayhew Gregory C. Wolniak Ernest T. Pascarella 《Research in higher education》2008,49(4):337-356
We investigated curricular conditions and educational practices that influenced the development of life-long learning orientations
among 405 undergraduate students. Results suggest that growth in life-long learning orientations was facilitated by instruction
that included opportunities for reflection, active learning, and perspective-taking and that provided students with opportunities
for positively interacting with diverse peers. Negative diverse peer interactions were found to stifle development. Implications
for researchers and practitioners are discussed. 相似文献
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This article describes the course and causes of the expansion of higher education in the UK since the 1960s. The number of university students from modest social backgrounds has increased, but they comprise much the same proportion of the university population as they did 40 years ago. Though personal rates of return from higher education are generally substantial, subject choice matters, while the extent of the returns to society is more problematic. Despite government statements to the contrary, there is still doubt about how productively new graduates will be employed in the labour market. Meanwhile, the sector has had to meet this expansion with tight public funding since the early 1980s. The article considers the impact of this and of the increase in compliance and audit costs. Finally it suggests that the incentive structures applied by the government may have made the different parts of the sector more homogenous than is desirable. 相似文献
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Honor J. Passow Matthew J. Mayhew Cynthia J. Finelli Trevor S. Harding Donald D. Carpenter 《Research in higher education》2006,47(6):643-684
Academic dishonesty (cheating) has been prevalent on college campuses for decades, and the percentage of students reporting cheating varies by college major. This study, based on a survey of 643 undergraduate engineering majors at 11 institutions, used two parallel hierarchical multiple regression analyses to predict the frequency of cheating on exams and the frequency of cheating on homework based on eight blocks of independent variables: demographics, pre-college cheating behavior, co-curricular participation, plus five blocks organized around Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behavior (moral obligation not to cheat, attitudes about cheating, evaluation of the costs and benefits of cheating, perceived social pressures to cheat or not to cheat, and perceived effectiveness of academic dishonesty policies). The final models significantly predict 36% of the variance in “frequency of cheating on exams” and 14% of the variance in “frequency of cheating on homework”. Students don’t see cheating as a single construct and their decisions to cheat or not to cheat are influenced differently depending on the type of assessment. Secondary findings are that a student’s conviction that cheating is wrong no matter what the circumstances is a strong deterrent to cheating across types of assessment and that a student who agrees that he/she would cheat in order to alleviate stressful situations is more likely to cheat on both exams and homework. 相似文献
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Use of Exam Wrappers to Enhance Students’ Metacognitive Skills in a Large Introductory Food Science and Human Nutrition Course 
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下载免费PDF全文 P. Gizem Gezer-Templeton Emily J. Mayhew Debra S. Korte Shelly J. Schmidt 《Journal of Food Science Education》2017,16(1):28-36
Research shows that students struggle to develop higher order thinking skills and effective study strategies during the transition from high school to college. Therefore, in addition to teaching course content, effective instructors should assist students in developing metacognitive skills, that is, the practice of thinking about their thinking. An effective assignment that assists students in thinking about their exam performance is the exam wrapper. The objectives of this study were to examine students’ metacognitive skills, evaluate the correlation between study behaviors and student performance, and assess student perception of exam wrappers. Exam wrapper assignments were offered as extra credit after the first 3 exams in a large introductory Food Science and Human Nutrition course, and student responses and exam performance were analyzed. Many students with poor exam performance overestimated their exam scores, indicating students’ self‐assessment skills could be sharpened. However, students demonstrated the ability to make and implement goals to improve study strategies throughout the semester. A modest relationship between use of study strategies and improved exam performance was observed, particularly for students with a B exam average, suggesting that students in the middle of the grade distribution may benefit most from this type of intervention. Finally, most students expressed a belief that exam wrappers helped them improve their study habits and exam scores, and that they planned to use the exam wrapper process in future classes. In summary, this study shows that the exam wrapper is a valued and effective postexam reflection tool for improving students’ self‐reported study habits. 相似文献
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