Prediction of performance by heart rate-derived parameters in recreational runners     

Urtats Etxegarai  Ainhoa Insunza  Jon Larruskain  Jordan Santos-Concejero  Susana M Gil  Eva Portillo 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(18):2129-2137

We investigated whether heart rate (HR)-derived parameters are accurate performance predictors in endurance recreational runners. One hundred thirty recreational athletes completed an incremental running test (4´running + 1´rest). After each stage, we recorded HR, % of maximum HR (%HRmax), and blood lactate. We also assessed HR after each recovery period, and calculated lactate and HR recovery thresholds and HR deflection point. We tested these parameters for associations with running performance, as measured by peak treadmill speed (PTS) and personal best International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) score. The %HRmax at 14.5 km·h^?1 correlated with PTS (r = ?0.92), and IAAF score (rho = ?0.80). The magnitudes of the correlations of lactate-related parameters with PTS (|r| = 0.84 to 0.86) or IAAF score (|rho| = 0.70 to 0.77) in absolute values were slightly lower. The correlations detected between other HR-derived parameters and running performance were weaker (|r or rho| = 0.24 to 0.70). Regression models identified %HRmax at 14.5 km·h^?1 as the strongest predictor of both PTS (β = ?0.72) and IAAF score (β = ?0.72). Consequently, tests based on %HRmax may provide a non-invasive and inexpensive alternate method for predicting the performance of these athletes.  相似文献   

Dietary nitrate supplementation does not improve cycling time-trial performance in the heat     

Georgina L. Kent  Brian Dawson  Gregory R. Cox  Louise M. Burke  Annette Eastwood  Kevin D. Croft 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(11):1204-1211

This investigation examined the effect of beetroot juice (BR) supplementation, a source of dietary nitrate (NO₃^?), on cycling time-trial (TT) performance and thermoregulation in the heat. In a double-blind, repeated-measures design, 12 male cyclists (age 26.6 ± 4.4 years, VO_2peak 65.8 ± 5.5 mL.kg^?1.min^?1) completed four cycling TTs (14 kJ.kg^?1) in hot (35°C, 48% relative humidity) and euthermic (21°C, 52%) conditions, following 3 days supplementation with BR (6.5 mmol NO₃^? for 2 days and 13 mmol NO₃^? on the final day), or NO₃^–depleted placebo (PLA). Salivary NO₃^? and nitrite, core (T_c) and mean skin temperature (T_sk) were measured. Salivary NO₃^? and nitrite increased significantly post-BR supplementation (p < 0.001). Average TT completion time (mm:ss) in hot conditions was 56:50 ± 05:08 with BR, compared with 58:30 ± 04:48 with PLA (p = 0.178). In euthermic conditions, average completion time was 53:09 ± 04:35 with BR, compared with 54:01 ± 04:05 with PLA (p = 0.380). The TT performance decreased (p < 0.001), and T_c (p < 0.001) and T_sk (p < 0.001) were higher in hot compared with euthermic conditions. In summary, BR supplementation has no significant effect on cycling TT performance in the heat.  相似文献   

Cycling performance is superior for time-to-exhaustion versus time-trial in endurance laboratory tests     

Sarah L. Coakley 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(11):1228-1234

Time-to-exhaustion (TTE) trials are used in a laboratory setting to measure endurance performance. However, there is some concern with their ecological validity compared with time-trials (TT). Consequently, we aimed to compare cycling performance in TTE and TT where the duration of the trials was matched. Seventeen trained male cyclists completed three TTE trials at 80, 100 and 105% of maximal aerobic power (MAP). On a subsequent visit they performed three TT over the same duration as the TTE. Participants were blinded to elapsed time, power output, cadence and heart rate (HR). Average TTE was 865 ± 345 s, 165 ± 98 s and 117 ± 45 s for the 80, 100 and 105% trials respectively. Average power output was higher for TTE (294 ± 44 W) compared to TT (282 ± 43 W) at 80% MAP (P < 0.01), but not at 100 and 105% MAP (P > 0.05). There was no difference in cadence, HR, or RPE for any trial (P > 0.05). Critical power (CP) was also higher when derived from TTE compared to TT (P < 0.01). It is concluded that TTE results in a higher average power output compared to TT at 80% MAP. When determining CP, TTE rather than TT protocols appear superior.  相似文献   

Effects of resistance training on performance in previously trained endurance runners: A systematic review     

Manuel Alcaraz-Ibañez  Manuel Rodríguez-Pérez 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(6):613-629

The aim of this work was to identify, synthesize and evaluate the results of randomized controlled trials examining the effects of resistance training on performance indicators in previously trained endurance runners. A database search was carried out in PubMed, Science Direct, OvidSPMedLine, Wiley, Web of Science, ProQuest and Google Scholar. In accordance with the PRISMA checklist, 18 published articles dated prior to May 2016 involving 321 endurance runners were reviewed using the PEDro scale. Resistance training led to general improvements in muscular strength, running economy, muscle power factors, and direct performance in distances between 1,500 and 10,000 m. Such improvements were not accompanied by a significant increase in body mass or signs of overtraining. However, improvements did not occur in all cases, suggesting that they might depend on the specific characteristics of the resistance training applied. Although current evidence supports the effectiveness of resistance training to improve performance in already trained endurance runners, the methodological inconsistencies identified suggest that the results should be interpreted with caution. Future studies ought to investigate the benefits of resistance training in endurance runners while considering the existence of possible differentiated effects based on the specific characteristics of the resistance training carried out.  相似文献   

我国乒乓球运动专项体能研究现状   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

罗蕾  刘鹏 《体育成人教育学刊》2007,23(5):70-72

针对我国乒乓球专项体能理论研究过少的状况,综述分析了国内外乒乓球运动专项体能的研究现状,并提出乒乓球专项体能训练的重点:建立科学化、系统化理论体系,加强运动队和高校之间的互联,运用生理生化指标和理论进行监测和评价,根据生物力学对乒乓球专项技术改进,为体能训练和科研提供理论参考。  相似文献   

长跑运动员疲劳特点及体能恢复     

王文胜 《军事体育进修学院学报》2007,26(2):121-123

提高长跑运动员的运动成绩，提高运动员训练质量，把握训练规律，增强训练科学性和规律性，就长跑运动员训练而出现的疲劳特点及相对疲劳的体能恢复进行探讨。  相似文献   

论10～12岁少儿游泳运动员准备期耐力训练与速度训练相结合方法     

张广联 《体育科技》2009,30(1)

如何搞好少儿游泳运动员的基础训练,特别是准备期训练是教练员们所关心的问题。试图通过研究,找出合理安排游泳运动员训练准备期的方法,为其打下良好的基础。  相似文献   

间歇性低氧训练对耐力能力的影响     

施朝阳 《湖北体育科技》2009,28(5):560-561

分析间歇性低氧训练的应用机制及对人体的运动能力特别是红细胞的影响因素;分别论述它们对运动员的携氧能力的影响,以求在训练方法上有所创新和突破。研究结果表明：运动员通过间歇型低氧训练红细胞数量增多,其耐力能力明显提高。  相似文献   

上海女足运动员专项速度耐力测试方法的研究          下载免费PDF全文

王晨  林志桦  孙琦敏 《体育科研》2008,29(4):72-73，66

通过实验室、场地速度耐力相关指标的测试和相关因素的分析，检验场地测试速度耐力方法的可靠性，为上海女运动员的体能测试组中速度耐力测试提供科学、有效的方法。结果显示：30m疲劳测试方法可以作为上海女足运动员的专项速度耐力测试方法，平均速度这一指标可以有效地反映上海女足运动员的专项速度耐力，该方法简单可靠，可操作性强，可以为上海女足运动员的专项速度耐力训练效果的评定提供科学的量化标准。  相似文献   

关于“力量耐力”体能平台概念的提出     

熊大林  吴耀宇  何海滨 《山东体育科技》2008,30(4)

世界优秀游泳运动员的心脏容积指数（18—20ml／ks）和最大摄氧量（80—90ml／kg）等指标并无明显增长，但运动成绩仍在不断提高，这就从能量代谢的角度提示我们骨骼肌代谢能力的提高较心血管系统功能对运动能力的提高更为重要。从上述实证数据中我们可以得到一个明确的启示：即在当今的运动训练实践中，教练员已经在有意识和无意识地采用“力量耐力”的训练方法和手段，但由于训练学理论的滞后，使体能类耐力性项群的体能训练仍处于方向不清、层次不明的混乱状态，从训练学的角度提出“力量耐力”的训练理念以促使相关学科在基础理论和训练方法手段方面展开全面深入的研究，已成为当今训练学理论研究的当务之急。  相似文献