教育学的坏理论研究之四：教育学的理论品性     

杨开城 《现代远程教育研究》2014,(4):29-38

虽然教育学有其存在的历史合理性和学术贡献,但总体上讲教育学具有较低的理论品性。教育学自身堪称形而上学,它基于先验概念所构建的教育理想国是脆弱的,只是一个排他性的理论空壳,其中充斥着大量理论伪问题。教育学不是学科理论,充其量只是从教者的职业指南。如果勉强称教育学是一种理论,它也是一种坏理论。因为教育学既不能帮助从教者实现有效的教育行动,也不能帮助从教者理解教育行动本身。以教育主张、原则、方法、模式表述的只是教育学者的主观建议,以它们为核心内容的教育学属于私人教育学,还没有经过主体间理性的洗礼而演变成理论。把教育学看作是教育智慧或艺术的学问,或多或少是恰当的,因为它表现出了低理论水准和高实践水准的特征。教育学学科的独立标志是独创的知识体系,教育学学科问题真正的追问是教育学到底独创或能够独创什么样的知识体系。教育学由于没有创新知识因而还没有成为学科,当然人们努力构建的教育学体系自然也都是空中楼阁。  相似文献   

江藩文学成就发微——"扬州学派"文学成就研究之一     

高明峰 《宜宾学院学报》2006,6(9):55-59

关于江藩的文学成就,至今尚无专文论述;对于“扬州学派”的文学成就,迄今亦无充分的认识。本文从诗、词、文、赋等方面对江藩的文学成就作了全面考察,指出其总体风格是清疏俊朗,并就其为人秉性以及学术成就与其文学创作的关系作了揭示。由此,为我们认识和评价“扬州学派”的文学成就提供了一大有力的支撑。  相似文献   

A methodology for character recognition and revision of the linear equations solving procedure     

《Information processing & management》2023,60(1):103088

Linear equations are valuable for real-world modeling phenomena involving at least one variable. However, verifying if the procedure followed by a human for solving a linear equation was done correctly is still a complicated matter. In this paper, we propose a methodology for the automatic character recognition and revision of the solving procedure of linear equations with one unknown. First, a camera is used to acquire an image of the handwritten solving procedure. Then, the image is pre-processed, and each character and equation lines are segmented. Subsequently, a convolutional neural network (CNN) is used to conduct the character recognition stage. Finally, a comparison rule is applied to revise the solving procedure. The character recognition was verified on a 2800 image data set (2100 for training and 700 for testing), including the ten digits and four symbols: ×, +, -, /. The revision procedure was tested on a data set with 140 handwritten equations (125 for training and 15 for testing). The results revealed that we recognized handwritten characters with an accuracy of 99%, which is similar to the state-of-the-art. Moreover, our proposal revised the solving procedure with an efficiency of 86.66%.  相似文献