Coordinating quality practices in Direct Trade coffee     

Emil Holland  Chris Kjeldsen  Søren Kerndrup 《Journal of Cultural Economy》2016,9(2):186-196

Over the past few decades, many food niches have emerged with a specific focus on quality. In specialty coffee, micro roasters have brought about Direct Trade coffee as a way of organising an alternative around new tastes and qualities through ongoing and ‘direct’ relations to farmers and cooperatives. But Direct Trade also involves exporters. We ask, how do exporters and roasters work together in these new coffee relations, and what do they work on? We observe and participate in a situation where Colombian coffee exporters visit Danish roasters. They tour the roasting facilities and taste a number of coffees. Often, the term power is used to analyse such value chain interactions, but we argue that the term coordination better opens up these interactions for exploration and analysis. What emerges is a coordination of quality. Through touring and tasting, issues emerge and differences are laid out. We learn that quality is a continuous achievement. There is friction between the ways in which the roasters and exporters do quality, but these are not done away with through power. They are made known and discussable through the work of coordination. The activity of tasting quality is a coordination device that allows for bringing out differences in how quality is done in practice. Coffee, in this event, is not a fixed object, but shifts as issues of quality are brought up in tasting. This suggests a decentering of the object on the issue of quality.  相似文献   

荷电匀加速度直线运动的Rindler观者的视界和Hawking辐射     

蒋亚玲  闫荣义 《襄樊学院学报》2001,22(2):26-29

利用电荷 Klein-Gordon方程和广义乌龟变换得到荷电匀加速直线运动的Rindler观的视界集团和Hawking辐射温度。并通过对二的讨论得出结论：电荷对引力场的影响与质量相当。  相似文献   

高价银的四氮杂大环配合物研究进展     

毕建洪  余旭峰 《安徽教育学院学报》2003,21(6):47-52

高价银的四氮杂大环配合物的研究已成为配位化学材料的一个热点课题。该文系统地叙述了四氮杂大环配体及其与过渡及高价银的配住化学，并对其应用进行了探讨。  相似文献   

市场“失灵”与道德协调     

罗能生 《襄樊学院学报》2001,22(1):5-8

市场是有效率的，但也是有缺陷的。市场有时会“失灵”，甚至会产生负面效应。要克服市场“失灵”，避免市场的负面效应，就必须有政府的宏观调控与道德的内在协调。道德作为一种主体行为的自律性调控机制，可以补充市场调节之不足；优化政府调控的效应，提高市场配置的效率，引导市场经济良性运行和协调发展。  相似文献   

Coordination as a function of skill level in the gymnastics longswing     

Genevieve K.R. Williams  Gareth Irwin  David G. Kerwin  Joseph Hamill  Richard E. A. Van Emmerik  Karl M. Newell 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(5):429-439

The purpose of this study was to investigate the nature of inter-joint coordination at different levels of skilled performance to: (1) distinguish learners who were successful versus unsuccessful in terms of their task performance; (2) investigate the pathways of change during the learning of a new coordination pattern and (3) examine how the learner’s coordination patterns relate to those of experts in the longswing gymnastics skill. Continuous relative phase of hip and shoulder joint motions was examined for longswings performed by two groups of novices, successful (n = 4) and unsuccessful (n = 4) over five practice sessions, and two expert gymnasts. Principal component analysis showed that during longswing positions where least continuous relative phase variability occurred for expert gymnasts, high variability distinguished the successful from the unsuccessful novice group. Continuous relative phase profiles of successful novices became more out-of-phase over practice and less similar to the closely in-phase coupling of the expert gymnasts. Collectively, the findings support the proposition that at the level in inter-joint coordination a technique emerges that facilitates successful performance but is not more like an expert’s movement coordination. This finding questions the appropriateness of inferring development towards a “gold champion” movement coordination.  相似文献   

Muscle coordination during breaststroke swimming: Comparison between elite swimmers and beginners     

João R. Vaz  Bjørn Harald Olstad  Jan Cabri  Per-Ludvik Kjendlie  Pedro Pezarat-Correia  François Hug 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(20):1941-1948

The present study aimed to compare muscle coordination strategies of the upper and lower limb muscles between beginners and elite breaststroke swimmers. Surface electromyography (EMG) of eight muscles was recorded in 16 swimmers (8 elite, 8 beginners) during a 25 m swimming breaststroke at 100% of maximal effort. A decomposition algorithm was used to identify the muscle synergies that represent the temporal and spatial organisation of muscle coordination. Between-groups indices of similarity and lag times were calculated. Individual muscle patterns were moderately to highly similar between groups (between-group indices range: 0.61 to 0.84). Significant differences were found in terms of lag time for pectoralis major (P < 0.05), biceps brachii, rectus femoris and tibialis anterior (P < 0.01), indicating an earlier activation for these muscles in beginners compared to elites (range: ?13.2 to ?3.8% of the swimming cycle). Three muscle synergies were identified for both beginners and elites. Although their composition was similar between populations, the third synergy exhibited a high within-group variability. Moderate to high indices of similarity were found for the shape of synergy activation coefficients (range: 0.63 to 0.88) but there was a significant backward shift (?8.4% of the swimming cycle) in synergy #2 for beginners compared to elites. This time shift suggested differences in the global arm-to-leg coordination. These results indicate that the synergistic organisation of muscle coordination during breaststroke swimming is not profoundly affected by expertise. However, specific timing adjustments were observed between lower and upper limbs.  相似文献   

Comparison of range of motion tests with throwing kinematics in elite team handball players     

Roland van den Tillaar 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(20):1976-1982

The aim of this study was to compare the active and passive range of motion (ROM) of the glenohumeral external rotation with the maximal external rotation and throwing performance during different throws with different wind-up techniques in elite team handball players. Twenty-two elite team handball players participated in the study in which the maximal ball release velocity and maximal external rotation during standing, with run-up and jump throws with two types of wind-ups were measured together with the maximal active and passive glenohumeral ROM of the external rotation, lying supine on a bench. Higher maximal external rotation was found during the throws with the whip-like wind-up in comparison to circular-like wind-up throws together with a lower external rotation during the active ROM test. No correlations were found between the ROM of the external rotation with the maximal ball release velocity and the maximal external rotation measured during the throws. It was concluded that ROM of the external rotation measured on the bench does not give any information about the maximal throwing performance or the external rotation angle during throwing and therefore cannot be used to identify potential fast throwers or injuries in elite team handball players.  相似文献   

女大学生协调能力培养之我见     

张林凤 《湖州师范学院学报》2003,25(3):122-124

在高校体育教学中有目的地培养女大学生身体协调能力，对提高女大学生运动技能、身体素质、运动能力等具有良好的促进作用。  相似文献   

基于网络的协同式教学方式初探     

宋英杰  冯继香 《鸡西大学学报》2007,7(5):10-10,55

本文通过对远程教育和基于Internet环境下教学方式的特点的研究和分析,提出了基于Internet的一种新的教学方式—协同式教学方式,并在此基础上讨论了该教学方式的运作方法、优缺点和发展前景。  相似文献   

区域经济协调发展的重大举措   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

谢永萍 《喀什师范学院学报》2005,26(1):15-18

“振兴东北”的战略构想,是在我国进入现代化建设新的发展阶段作出的重大战略决策和战略部署,具有重大的经济意义和政治意义,为此,主要论述了实施“东北战略”的背景、条件和措施。  相似文献