The zone of proximal creativity: What dynamic assessment of divergent thinking reveals about students’ latent class membership     

《Contemporary educational psychology》2021

Divergent Thinking is a domain-general mental attribute closely associated with creativity that can be quantified through the use of text-mining algorithms. Past research has shown that students’ Divergent Thinking is malleable in response to relatively simple contextual prompts. In addition, there is substantial variance in the degree to which individual students’ Divergent Thinking is malleable, suggesting the presence of a student-specific zone-of-proximal-development in relation to creativity. Here, we adopted a dynamic assessment paradigm that included multiple conditions under which student Divergent Thinking was measured and fit a latent profile analysis model to that dynamic assessment data. We found that, although on average the Originality of student responses can be augmented through a prompt to generate surprising or unusual ideas, three latent classes emerged that differed significantly on their patterns of augmentation. These three latent classes were termed: (a) Conventional Thinkers (7.80% of the sample), whose response to the Divergent Thinking task were highly constrained and unoriginal across all conditions (b) Prompted Shifters (66.56%), whose Originality significantly increased across conditions, and (c) Idea Generators (25.64%), whose responses were highly original across all conditions. These latent profiles were validated in regard to personality characteristics and domain-specific creative activities, with Idea Generators reporting significantly more Openness and Intellect, less Industriousness, and more creative activities across the domains of Literature, Music, Sports, Visual Art, Science, and Cooking than did the other latent classes.  相似文献   

Diversity Literary Awards: A Tool for Assessing an Academic Library’s Collection     

Laurel Kristick 《资料收集管理》2020,45(2):151-161

Abstract

Diversity literary awards and other sources were used to create a list of high-quality titles written by and about underrepresented groups. This list was used to assess the diversity and inclusiveness of the library collections of a land-grant university in the Pacific Northwest and compare it to peer institutions. Gaps in the collection and acquisition processes were identified and will be used to improve the processes to increase the number of diverse titles added to the library’s collections.  相似文献   

Analyzing Food Science Research for Publishing Characteristics as a Model for Understanding the Needs of Researchers     

Lutishoor Salisbury  Jeremy J. Smith  Abayomi Omotola Omolewu 《资料收集管理》2020,45(4):335-353

Abstract

This paper provides a methodology to study the characteristics of the research output from a university department. The faculty publications and their cited references over a 10-year period were used as the basis for this study to identify their publishing patterns and the types of material they are publishing; a core set of journals and other resources they are publishing in and citing over this period; the characteristics of the journals in which they publish and cite; the degree of openness of their publications and their citation advantage; and the age of resources that are referenced.  相似文献   

区域岩浆热液成矿的数值模拟——以熊耳山前河地区金矿为例     

闵令帅  程惠红  石耀霖 《中国科学院大学学报》2020,37(3):324-335

熊耳山前河地区金矿是熊耳山地区具有代表性的金矿之一，位于华北克拉通南缘，是中国重要的黄金产区。该金矿是典型的构造蚀变岩型金矿，成矿流体以岩浆水为主，成矿物质来源以深部幔源为主，属中低温热液矿床。以熊耳山前河金矿为例，搭建区域成矿的二维地质模型，分别进行稳态与瞬态数值模拟分析。结果显示：在合理的岩体和断层参数条件下，来自岩浆的高温成矿流体沿断裂带流动，加热断层及其围岩，可以达到成矿需要的温度和压力。热液成矿的主要影响因素是热液在断层带中流过携带的物质和热量。流体传递的总热量与断层宽度、热液源头的流体温度压力、断层渗透率的大小等有关。断层渗透率越高、源头压力越大、温度越高，断层内的热液流速就越大、平流传递的热流密度就越大；在同样热流密度下，如果断层越宽，则传输的总热量越大，更有利于在较短的时间段内，达到在特定压力下利于金矿生成的温度，形成金矿。在这些影响因素中，由于断层带的渗透率可以变化几个数量级，它的影响尤为显著。当断层渗透率较低时，前河地区热液成矿系统达到稳定的适合成矿条件需要~1 Ma；而断层渗透率较高时，只需要千年尺度就可以达到稳定的适合成矿的温压条件。  相似文献   

基于极化分解组合的SAR图像视觉优化和建筑物损毁评估     

刘杉  张风丽  韦诗莹  刘娜  邵芸 《中国科学院大学学报》2020,37(6):750-759

建筑物损毁评估对灾害应急监测具有重要意义。极化SAR图像蕴含丰富的地物信息，并且记录有目标地物的极化散射矩阵，可用于建筑物的损毁评估。针对完好和损毁建筑物两类目标的散射特征，利用Touzi分解散射角α_s1、去定向后Yamaguchi分解二次散射分量和Touzi分解散射对称度|τ₂|进行RGB彩色合成，对极化SAR图像进行视觉优化，进而利用单一时相SAR图像快速识别出不同损毁程度的建筑物区域。以2011年3月11日发生在日本东北部海域的地震为例，利用灾后的ALOS PALSAR全极化数据开展实验分析，并利用汶川地震RADARSAT-2图像对提出的方法进行验证。结果表明，通过对极化参量的组合不仅可以优化建筑物目标的视觉显示效果，同时可提高不同损毁程度建筑物区域识别度，从而大大降低灾害评估对于数据源的限制和要求。  相似文献   

Development and reliability of the KIM cycling scale – a measurement tool for the development process to cycling independently     

Jennifer Kavanagh  Kieran Moran  Johann Issartel 《Physical Education & Sport Pedagogy》2020,25(2):174-187

ABSTRACT

Background: Cycling has gained more attention as an important lifelong physical activity. Learning to cycle independently without assistance is a milestone for most children that requires time and practice to master. Cycling was recently added to the motor development model and so a valid and reliable measure of cycling ability is required to allow accurate assessment of the skill. Cycling has many health benefits along with being a commonly reported physical activity globally and therefore is an important skill to promote in early childhood and throughout life. To date, there are no measurement tools examining the developmental process to independent cycling in the early childhood years. The current study aimed to develop and assess the inter-rater and test-retest reliability of the ‘KIM Cycling Scale’.

Methods: Development of the scale occurred in four phases: (1) development of criteria and stages, which used observation of children when learning to cycle and expert panels to develop the initial developmental stages, (2) review of instructions and criteria and pilot inter-rater and test-retest reliability, to ensure that the scale could be used as a standalone scale without requiring further instructions (3) cycling intervention, which allowed assessment of the developmental nature of children along the scale as they learn to cycle independently and to assess typical and alternate routes to independent cycling and (4) inter-rater and test-retest reliability.

Results: Ninety children took part in phase 1, thirty-six children took part in phase 2, seventy-four children took part in phase 3 and one hundred and forty-nine children took part in phase 4. All three hundred and forty-nine children were between 2 and 6 years. The developed scale included eight stages in total. The scale was found to have excellent inter-rater reliability (ICC?=?0.97, 95% CI?=?0.96–0.98) and good to excellent test-retest reliability [(ICC?=?0.91, 95% CI?=?0.87–0.94) & (ICC?=?0.90, 95% CI?=?0.85–0.93)]. Typical routes to independent cycling along the scale were examined and reported as being step-wise on all occasions except one where a two stage jump was as common as the step-wise route. Alternate routes were also reported.

Conclusion: The current study developed a reliable measurement tool for assessing children between 2 and 6 years of age on the developmental process to independent cycling. Having a cycling scale will allow teachers and practitioners to assess competence in cycling and moreover, track changes in skill development. Furthermore, parents could also use the scale to better understand and better asses their child’s progression when learning to cycle.  相似文献   

Autism spectrum disorder assessment and evaluation research in 10 school psychology journals from 2007 to 2017          下载免费PDF全文

Maryellen Brunson McClain  Tiffany L. Otero  Cassity R. Haverkamp  Fiona Molsberry 《Psychology in the schools》2018,55(6):661-679

School psychologists are increasingly engaged in service provisions for students eligible for special education services under the eligibility category of autism, including conducting school‐based assessments and evaluations. Evaluations occur for a variety of reasons such as special education eligibility decision‐making, treatment and intervention planning, and progress monitoring. Publications in school psychology journals emphasizing autism spectrum disorder (ASD) assessment and evaluation are vital to quality training and practitioner utilization of quality practices. In the current study, researchers conducted a systematic review of publicaftions in 10 school psychology journals from 2007 to 2017 to assess the current state of ASD assessment and evaluation research in the field of school psychology. Implications for researchers, trainers, and practitioners are discussed.  相似文献   

基于舆情大数据的社会安全事件情报感知与应用研究     

夏一雪 《现代情报》2019,39(11):121-127

[目的/意义] 基于舆情大数据进行社会安全事件情报感知，为社会安全事件应急管理提供情报支持。[方法/过程] 基于舆情大数据的社会网络属性，剖析网络社会环境下社会安全事件特征和情报感知需求，提出基于舆情大数据进行社会安全事件情报感知具有多元、快速、全面、深度的优势。从社会安全事件要素和过程两个方面，构建全要素、全周期的情报感知指标体系。分析基于移动传感网络的情报感知路径，针对情报感知指标进行情报感知，确定"异常→风险→情报"的情报感知过程，并研究情报感知方法。[结论/结果] 基于舆情大数据构建情报感知指标体系并开展应用研究，为网络社会环境下社会安全事件应急管理提供新思路和新方法。  相似文献   

浙江省创新能力指数研究     

殷俊  刘信  周元 《科技管理研究》2019,39(20)

通过深入分析现有区域创新能力评价指标体系的不足,基于创新主体从投入产出和规模水平角度出发构建浙江省创新能力指标体系,并运用综合指数法测算2010—2016年浙江省创新能力指数情况。结果表明,浙江省综合创新能力指数逐年递增,2012年和2016年增幅明显;院所创新能力得分略高于创新环境和企业,而高校创新较为波动,增长缓慢;创新规模增长快于创新水平,创新投入增长快于创新产出。  相似文献   

Discrete Choice Modeling in Education: An Innovative Method to Assess Teaching Practices     

Vasilis Grammatikopoulos  Athanasios Gregoriadis  Michalis Linardakis 《Educational Measurement》2019,38(3):46-54

Self‐reported measures are an easy, time‐efficient, and low‐cost way to collect research data compared to other assessment methods. They are, however, characterized by several limitations regarding the quality and the clarity of the data they produce, especially when they are implemented in education. The main purpose of the current study was to use a method called discrete choice modeling (DCM) in education, in order to develop a self‐reported instrument that will reduce the bias for socially desirable responses and to assess teachers’ practices in physical activity. DCM method has the ability to overcome the respondents’ tendency to answer in a socially desirable way. A nationally representative sample of 531 Greek early educators participated in this study and were administered a self‐assessment questionnaire based on DCM. Results showed that the DCM based newly developed instrument manages to assess effectively educators’ practices and provided evidence of the applicability of the method in education. Further implications and future recommendations regarding the effective application of DCM in education are discussed.  相似文献