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1.
Continued advancement in the field of physical activity and health promotion relies heavily on the synthesis of rigorous scientific evidence. As such, systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials have led to a better understanding of which intervention strategies are superior (i.e., produce the greatest effects) in physical activity-based health behavior change interventions. Indeed, standard meta-analytic approaches have allowed researchers in the field to synthesize relevant experimental evidence using pairwise procedures that produce reliable estimates of the homogeneity, magnitude, and potential biases in the observed effects. However, pairwise meta-analytic procedures are only capable to discerning differences in effects between a select intervention strategy and a select comparison or control condition. In order to maximize the impact of physical activity interventions on health-related outcomes, it is necessary to establish evidence concerning the comparative efficacy of all relevant physical activity intervention strategies. The development of network meta-analysis (NMA)—most commonly used in medical-based clinical trials—has allowed for the quantification of indirect comparisons, even in the absence of direct, head-to-head trials. Thus, it stands to reason that NMA can be applied in physical activity and health promotion research to identify the best intervention strategies. Given that this analysis technique is novel and largely unexplored in the field of physical activity and health promotion, care must be taken in its application to ensure reliable estimates and discernment of the effect sizes among interventions. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to comment on the potential application and importance of NMA in the field of physical activity and health promotion, describe how to properly and effectively apply this technique, and suggest important considerations for its appropriate application in this field. In this paper, overviews of the foundations of NMA and commonly used approaches for conducting NMA are provided, followed by assumptions related to NMA, opportunities and challenges in NMA, and a step-by-step example of developing and conducting an NMA. 相似文献
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Bilal Ashraf Akansha Singh Germaine Uwimpuhwe Steven Higgins Adetayo Kasim 《British Educational Research Journal》2021,47(6):1675-1699
Meta-analysis is the synthesis of findings from research projects, which enables an estimate of the average or pooled effect across various studies. This study presents findings from the intention to treat analysis for a series of educational evaluations in England using a two-stage meta-analysis with standardised outcome data and individual participant data meta-analyses. The research estimates the overall impact of educational trials on pupils eligible for Free School Meals (FSM) and the attainment gap in literacy and mathematics performance between FSM and non-FSM pupils based on analysis of 88 trials and data from over half a million pupils. For the meta-analyses, frequentist and Bayesian multilevel models were used to estimate the individual and pooled effect size across categories of explanatory variables such as age groups (key stages in England) and aspects of the type of interventions (one-to-one, small group, whole class). Results indicated that the overall impact of interventions on the literacy outcomes of FSM pupils was positive, with a pooled effect size of 0.06 (0.03, 0.08). However, for mathematics, no overall effect on FSM pupils was observed. Analysis of the attainment gap indicated that literacy outcomes for FSM pupils were improved by interventions marginally more than for non-FSM pupils (pooled attainment gap 0.01 (−0.01, 0.04)). The risk of bias assessment showed that estimates were consistent across different methodological approaches. Overall, evidence from this study can be used to identify, test and scale educational interventions in schools to improve educational outcomes for disadvantaged pupils. 相似文献
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周晶 《宁波大学学报(教育科学版)》2021,(1):127-132
研究综合了来自中国大陆18570名3-12岁儿童的焦虑与父母教养方式相关的30项研究的数据,通过元分析的方法考查了二者相关的强度,并分析影响相关强度的因素。从总体上来说,儿童焦虑与父母教养方式存在弱相关;父母教养方式类型、儿童年龄、父母性别会对二者关系产生调节作用。建议在教养儿童过程中要采用正向的教养方式,要给予年幼儿童充分的独立自主的权利和自由,鼓励父亲参与教养,这有利于降低儿童的焦虑水平。 相似文献
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[目的 /意义]对在线社区用户承诺影响因素的相关实证研究进行梳理和再分析,以解释影响在线社区用户承诺的一般性因素,为后续研究提供参考。[方法 /过程]运用元分析方法,选取以用户承诺为研究主题、以在线社区为研究情境的文献作为样本文献,归纳和识别在线社区的用户承诺影响因素,并进一步探索影响异质性的调节变量。[结果 /结论 ]显著影响在线社区用户承诺的因素包括系统外部、需求动机及用户感知三个类别的10个变量,与在线社区用户承诺为中度相关关系的有情感依恋、信息性动机、感知娱乐性、信息质量,而社交动机、社会互动、满意度、信任、感知收益、社区认同与用户承诺高度相关。在线社区类型会对情感依恋、社会互动、感知娱乐性等变量与用户承诺之间的关系产生调节。研究结果对未来深入研究和不同情境研究具有借鉴意义,也对在线社区运营具有实践指导作用。 相似文献
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本文在对过去25年组织吸引力相关研究回顾的基础上,采用元分析的方法从工作的功能性特征、象征性特征,以及P-J匹配、P-O匹配等方面梳理和验证了组织吸引力的主要影响因素,探索和检验了上述因素与组织吸引力之间关系的潜在调节变量。元分析结果表明：功能性特征与组织吸引力显著相关,其中晋升机会(r=0.343)、薪资(r=0.327)与组织吸引力的相关性最高;象征性特征中,除强壮外,其他工作特征与组织吸引力均显著相关;P-O匹配(r=0.455)和P-J匹配(r=0.366)与组织吸引力之间的相关性较强;性别的调节作用显著,而研究对象和年龄的调节作用均不显著。研究还探讨了组织吸引力的未来研究方向及管理应用。 相似文献
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摘要：研究目的：探讨知觉预测领域专家-新手研究范式的实效性和知觉预测领域专家-新手研究范式是否受体育项目、刺激材料、遮蔽方式的影响。研究方法：元分析方法。研究结果：知觉预测领域专家-新手研究范式中反应时、准确率、注视次数为大效应，注视时间、注视频率为中效应，且大、中效应稳定的。反应时、准确率、注视次数、注视时间、注视频率的效果量在不同体育项目、不同刺激材料、不同遮蔽方式上存在差异。结论：知觉预测领域专家-新手研究范式具有很好的实效性，其大、中效应的存在与专家认知优势有密切的关系；体育项目、刺激材料、遮蔽方式是知觉预测领域专家-新手研究范式的调节变量。 相似文献
8.
目的：运用元分析的方法检验复合式训练对青少年下肢爆发力影响的干预效果，检验并提出最优的运动干预方案。方法：运用STATA 15.1和Review Manager 5.3对纳入的10篇文献和301名被试者通过设置抗阻类型、抗阻强度、间歇时间、训练频率和训练周期等5个调节变量进行亚组分析，采用固定效应模型进行整体效应、异质性、发表偏倚性检验。结果：（1）复合式训练对跳跃类运动表现的影响效应量d0.36，对短跑类运动表现的影响效应量d-0.51，两者达到中等效应且具有统计学意义；（2）本研究纳入的10篇文献异质性较低，间歇时间、训练频率和训练周期的对跳跃类和短跑类运动表现影响的效应量有一定差别。结论：（1）复合式训练能够显著提升青少年跳跃类和短跑类运动表现；（2）抗阻训练选择等张收缩、强度70%1RM以下、小于3分钟的间歇时间、在4~8周内选择每周1-2次的复合式训练能够对青少年运动表现有较好的提升；（3）围绕青少年人群开展的复合式训练较为缺乏，后续研究应加强理论与实践研究。 相似文献
9.
Controversial results reported in past research pertaining to the effectiveness of sport-based physical activity interventions on weight loss. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of sport-based physical activity intervention on body weight in children and adolescents using a meta-analysis. Academic Search Complete, Education Source, ERIC, Medline, ProQuest, PsycINFO and SportDiscus databases were searched from January 2000 to April 2015. Eighteen studies met following inclusion criteria: sport-based intervention studies; subjects aged 6–18 years; reported body weight; published in peer-reviewed journals written in English. The mean intervention duration was 17.72 weeks. The overall effect size (ES) was 0.52 (Cohen’s d (ES) = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.08, 0.95, P = 0.021), using a random effects model. Moderator analyses results showed that the Q statistic for the sport type (individual sport or team sport, Qbetween (Qb) = 14.52, df = 1, P = 0.001) and diet control (Qbetween (Qb) = 8.85, df = 1, P = 0.001), explained the heterogeneity of ESs. Our study showed that there was a moderate overall effect of sport-based physical activity intervention on body weight reduction. The team sport type (ES = 1.05, 95% CI = 0.44, 1.66) and diet control group (ES = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.26, 1.41) appeared to be more effective in reducing body weight. 相似文献
10.