Autism,Intensive Interaction and the development of non-verbal communication in a teenager diagnosed with PDD-NOS: a case study     

Amandine Mourière  Dave Hewett 《Support for Learning》2021,36(3):400-420

In this paper, the authors report on the importance of using Intensive Interaction for the development of non-verbal communication for people with autism. The complexity of learning non-verbal communication means that it cannot be taught in any sense in a traditional, didactic manner. While a person may have the cognitive abilities to follow instructions and be taught the need to behave a certain way in social situations, which will not allow them to properly assimilate and understand social expectations and how to operate in social contexts. This paper suggests that the use of Intensive Interaction creates frequent opportunities for a person to take part in face-to-face interactions and consequently allow for the gradual development of non-verbal communication.  相似文献   

共享经济可持续性评价：社会感知与客观绩效     

董晓松  霍依凡  赵星 《科研管理》2023,44(1):79-88

共享经济行业可持续性评价的社会感知和客观绩效不一致将造成认知错位、投资误判和政策失效等结果。本文在线挖掘2017—2019年我国主要社交媒体上29 771条文本信息，并收集行业统计数据，综合测度共享经济行业的可持续性并比较其差异。研究发现：社会公众并不认为共享经济行业具有显著的总体可持续性，而且行业实际绩效展现的可持续性与社会大众认知截然不同。进一步发现：受限于主观认知能力，社会公众认为共享经济可持续性主要来自可观察到的行业外部经济和外部生态等维度，但客观绩效表明共享经济行业内部的经济和外部的技术优势才是其可持续性的重要支撑。此外，二者评价的差异在住宿与医疗等产能共享内部过程不易被大众观察的行业中最为突出。  相似文献   

Methods for assessing higher education research team collaboration: comparing research outputs and participant perceptions across four collaborative research teams     

Nick Kelly  Joanne Doyle  Marisa Parker 《高等教育研究与发展》2020,39(2):215-229

ABSTRACT

This article suggests that situations in which multiple research teams are convened under similar conditions present an opportunity to discover factors that lead to productive collaboration. It argues that social network analysis of research team outputs becomes more valuable when paired with data about research participant perceptions; and that any variables used as indicators of collaboration need to be calibrated using datasets from multiple studies with cross-team comparisons. The article provides an example of the kind of methodology needed to achieve this, describing a study with data from four research teams based at an Australian university campus, reporting their research performance over four years under conditions in which many variables were controlled and with results augmented by a survey of participant perceptions. Findings from the study indicate that there were exceptions to hypothesized associations between participant perceptions of collaboration and specific social network analysis measures over co-authorship data. The article suggests that, given the methodological challenges of studying research teams in the field, multiple datasets combining findings such as those in the present study are a path towards the development of indicators of productive higher education research collaboration.  相似文献   

Adolescent academic achievement: A model of social support and grit     

Kelly N. Clark  Nicole B. Dorio  Morgan A. Eldridge  Christine K. Malecki  Michelle K. Demaray 《Psychology in the schools》2020,57(2):204-221

Grit has been defined as passionate perseverance toward long-term challenging goals and it is associated with various positive outcomes for youth, including academic achievement. However, less is known about these associations for the two facets of grit (i.e., perseverance of effort, consistency of interest) and few studies have examined the link between grit and perceived social support. The present study examined the group-level demographic differences (i.e., gender, grade, socioeconomic status, and special education status) of grit in a high school sample (N = 1,077). In addition, direct associations between grit and perceived social support from multiple sources (i.e., teacher, classmate, parent) were examined, as well as a potential enhancing effect of social support as a moderator of the relation between grit and academic achievement. Results indicated positive associations among grit and its facets with social support from parents and classmates. Furthermore, the positive relation between grit and achievement was stronger for students reporting high social support from teachers, but not other sources (i.e., classmates, parents). Practical and theoretical implications for promoting student success are discussed.  相似文献   

Modelling Quoting in Newswriting: A Framework for Studies on the Production of News     

Lauri Haapanen 《Journalism Practice》2020,14(3):374-394

ABSTRACT

The Mediated Social Communication (MSC) approach considers mass media a venue for opposing and complementary societal groups to publicly negotiate socially relevant topics. This negotiation is conducted through representatives of these groups and mediated by journalists. Inspired by the MSC approach, this paper presents an empirically grounded model that structures the mediating process through the process of quoting. By identifying the key phases of newswriting as sub-processes of quoting, the paper argues that journalists (1) decide on a topical issue to be addressed (topicalisation), (2) identify groups of people who are linked to this issue (societal localisation), (3) pick some people as representatives of these societal groups (personalisation), and (4) verbalise these people's points of view, often by means of quoting, inter alia (verbalisation). The four-phase model is then operationalised into a data collection method that facilitates access to and fosters new insights into the subtle dynamics of newswriting. Hitherto, these dynamics have often remained obscure, because the craft ethos is adopted as tacit knowledge through implicit socialisation and is therefore difficult for journalists to verbalise. The paper concludes by calling for reconsideration of journalists’ role as gatekeepers who decide which issues and voices are heard in public discourse.  相似文献   

Understanding the majority opinion formation process in online environments: An exploratory approach to Facebook     

Sangwon Lee  Taehyun Ha  Daeho Lee  Jang Hyun Kim 《Information processing & management》2018,54(6):1115-1128

Majority opinions are often observed in the process of social interaction in online communities, but few studies have addressed this issue with empirical data. To identify an appropriate theoretical lens for explaining majority opinions in online environments, this study investigates the skewness statistic, which indicates how many “Likes” are skewed to major comments on a Facebook post; 3489 posts are gathered from the New York Times Facebook page for 100 days. Results show that time is not an influential factor for skewness increase, but the number of comments has a logarithmic relation to skewness increase. Regression models and Chow tests show that this relationship differs depending on topic contents, but majority opinions are significant in overall. These results suggest that the bandwagon effect due to social affordance can be a suitable mechanism for explaining majority opinion formation in an online environment and that majority opinions in online communities can be misperceived due to overestimation.  相似文献   

Suffering in sport: why people willingly embrace negative emotional experiences     

Michael S. Brady 《体育哲学杂志》2019,46(2):115-128

ABSTRACT

Nearly everyone agrees that physical pain is bad. Indeed, if anything merits the status of a platitude in our everyday thinking about value, the idea that pain is bad surely does. Equally, it seems clearly true that emotional suffering – despair, loneliness, grief, disappointment, guilt, shame, lovesickness, and the like – are all bad as well. We are strongly inclined to pity and feel sorry for those who suffer emotionally in these ways; we are motivated, at least some of the time, to do what we can to alleviate their suffering. Given this, it might seem curious that pain and suffering are so integral to sport – whether one is a participant or a spectator. There’s nothing particularly puzzling about pain and suffering that is inadvertently related to sport – as when an athlete injures her hamstring and has to miss her chance at Olympic glory, or when supporters face the misery of getting up at 6am because an away game has been scheduled to start at noon. But there does seem to be something curious about the extent to which pain and suffering are voluntarily embraced by participants and spectators, as the quotation from Nick Hornby aptly illustrates. Why do people willingly engage in something that brings about so much suffering? In this paper, I’ll attempt to answer this question.¹  相似文献   

Occupational Social Work Education for Employee Assistance Practice     

Daniel Hughes  Carly Newhouse 《Journal of Teaching in Social Work》2018,38(4):379-397

ABSTRACT

This article explores the current state of Occupational Social Work/Employee Assistance (OSW/EA) education. It examines the relationship between social work curricula, field placement experiences, and entry-level employment opportunities in the OSW/EA field. It is based on an educational initiative called the Partnership for Employee Assistance Education. Drawing on the OSW/EA literature, surveys, and focus group materials, the article concludes that the nature of OSW/EA is being reshaped by information technology, shifting demographics, globalization, and evolving terms and conditions of employment. The authors discuss how the graduate-level OSW/EA curriculum and field placements are being transformed to reflect these trends. Concepts such as Organizational Social Work and organizational intelligence are discussed. Innovative educational strategies are recommended. Finally, the authors argue that the contemporary workplace offers potential opportunity for innovative social work practice and education.  相似文献   

Great Expectations? Childhood,Family, and Middle-Class Social Mobility in Nineteenth-Century England     

Christina De Bellaigue 《Cultural and Social History》2019,16(1):29-46

ABSTRACT

Existing histories of social mobility have focused on adults and on measuring the achievement of individual upward mobility. However, children and families were central to mobility strategies. Using the papers of the Heywoods of Bolton, this article examines how the families of the industrial middle class endowed their offspring with the goods and character needed to secure their social standing, highlighting the emotional intricacy of these processes. It demonstrates that such families conceived of social mobility as a familial project and that rather than pursuing upward mobility, their chief objective was to guard against social decline.  相似文献   

面向社交媒体的细粒度ADR本体的半自动构建方法研究     

魏巍  傅维刚 《图书情报工作》2019,63(3):108-114

[目的/意义]提出一个药物不良反应本体的半自动构建方法，构建的细粒度药物不良反应本体为利用社交媒体挖掘潜在的药物不良反应信号提供语义资源库。[方法/过程]首先，采用业务层次和语言层次相分离的设计理念，将用户在社交媒体中评论的药物不良反应表示成"对象要素-属性要素-描述概念"的形式。细粒度体现在社交媒体用户对药物同一不良反应描述概念表达的多样性上。然后，基于深度学习的思想，利用基于word2vec的描述概念候选词抽取算法自动地抽取出更多的描述概念候选词构建本体。[结果/结论]以糖尿病药物的建模实例表明，提出的细粒度药物不良反应本体的半自动构建方案，提高了本体构建的智能化水平，构建的细粒度药物不良反应本体为利用社交媒体挖掘潜在的药物不良反应信号提供语义资源库。  相似文献