Directed collaboration patterns in funded teams: A perspective of knowledge flow     

《Information processing & management》2023,60(2):103237

Collaborations in funded teams are essential for understanding funded research and funding policies, although of high interest, are still not fully understood. This study aims to investigate directed collaboration patterns from the perspective of the knowledge flow, which is measured based on the academic age. To this end, we proposed a project-based team identification approach, which gives particular attention to funded teams. The method is applicable to other funding systems. Based on identified scientific teams, we detected recurring and significant subgraph patterns, known as network motifs, and under-represented patterns, known as anti-motifs. We found commonly occurred motifs and anti-motifs are remarkably characterized by different structures matching certain functions in knowledge exchanges. Collaboration patterns represented by motifs favor hierarchical structures, supporting intensive interactions across academic generations. Anti-motifs are more likely to show chain-like structures, hindering potentially various knowledge activities, and are thus seldom found in real collaboration networks. These findings provide new insights into the understanding of funded collaborations and also the funding system. Meanwhile, our findings are helpful for researchers, the public and policymakers to gain knowledge on research(ers) evolution, particularly in terms of primordial collaboration patterns.  相似文献   

沉浸互动模型:滑雪消费心流体验机制的质性研究     

翁银  李凌 《成都体育学院学报》2020,(2):78-84

刺激滑雪消费增长与促进滑雪产业发展是当今的热点议题。本研究引入心流体验与心流体验机制理论,探索滑雪消费心理特征与滑雪可持续消费心理模型。从微观消费心理视角切入,运用扎根理论质性研究手段,采取深度访谈与焦点团体访谈相结合的访谈技术,经"三级诠释"逻辑分析的过程,构建了滑雪消费心流体验机制的理论模型。结果显示:本研究共提取了滑雪消费心流体验机制的102个概念、36个范畴、4个主范畴,基于扎根理论故事线逻辑梳理并构建了"沉浸互动机制"质性模型。基于此,为提升本研究的理论可靠性,采用模型识别比较分析,检验本研究质性模型的创新性与科学性,为促进滑雪产业可持续发展提供相关理论参考。  相似文献   

超高含水原油混合流动及初始沉积特性     

邢晓凯  吕朝旭  刘珈铨 《中国科学院大学学报》2020,37(2):228-233

使用自行设计的实验装置，对超高含水原油的流动特性和初始沉积过程进行探究。系统研究实验温度、混合流速和体积含水率对超高含水原油初始沉积过程的影响，分析不同温度下原油的运动形态和初始沉积方式。初始沉积过程可分为蔓延沉积过程和粘连沉积过程，根据沉积特点和压降曲线的变化趋势将初始沉积过程分为3个阶段：沉积诱导期、快速沉积期和沉积动态平衡期。通过对沉积物碳数分布的分析，得知超高含水原油初始沉积过程中，同时存在剪切剥离作用、胶凝作用和分子扩散作用。实验温度和体积含水率主要通过改变胶凝作用和分子扩散来影响初始沉积过程，混合流速通过改变剪切剥离强度来影响初始沉积过程。  相似文献   

Combined effects of exposure to hypoxia and cool on walking economy and muscle oxygenation profiles at tibialis anterior     

Masahiro Horiuchi  Yoko Handa-Kirihara  Daijiro Abe  Yoshiyuki Fukuoka 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(14):1638-1647

We investigated combined effects of ambient temperature (23°C or 13°C) and fraction of inspired oxygen (21%O₂ or 13%O₂) on energy cost of walking (C_w: J·kg^?1·km^?1) and economical speed (ES). Eighteen healthy young adults (11 males, seven females) walked at seven speeds from 0.67 to 1.67 m s^?1 (four min per stage). Environmental conditions were set; thermoneutral (N: 23°C) with normoxia (N: 21%O₂) = NN; 23°C (N) with hypoxia (H: 13%O₂) = NH; cool (C: 13°C) with 21%O₂ (N) = CN, and 13°C (C) with 13%O₂ (H) = CH. Muscle deoxygenation (HHb) and tissue O₂ saturation (StO₂) were measured at tibialis anterior. We found a significantly slower ES in NH (1.289 ± 0.091 m s^?1) and CH (1.275 ± 0.099 m s^?1) than in NN (1.334 ± 0.112 m s^?1) and CN (1.332 ± 0.104 m s^?1). Changes in HHb and StO₂ were related to the ES. These results suggested that the combined effects (exposure to hypoxia and cool) is nearly equal to exposure to hypoxia and cool individually. Specifically, acute moderate hypoxia slowed the ES by approx. 4%, but acute cool environment did not affect the ES. Further, HHb and StO₂ may partly account for an individual ES.  相似文献   

Effects of periodic carbohydrate ingestion on endurance and cognitive performances during a 40-km cycling time-trial under normobaric hypoxia in well-trained triathletes     

Yi-Hung Liao  Toby Mündel  Yan-Ting Yang  Chen-Chan Wei  Shiow-Chwen Tsai 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(16):1805-1815

The purpose of this study was to examine CHO ingestion on a cognitive task using a field-simulated time-trial (TT) under hypoxia in well-trained triathletes. Ten male triathletes (age: 22.1 ± 1.1 years; VO₂max: 59.4 ± 1.4 ml/kg/min) participated in this double-blind/crossover/counter-balanced design study. Participants completed 3 TT trials: 1) normoxic placebo (NPLA; FiO₂ = 20.9%), 2) hypoxic placebo (HPLA; FiO₂ = 16.3%), and 3) hypoxic CHO (HCHO; 6% CHO provided as 2 ml/kg/15 min; FiO₂ = 16.3%). During the TT, physiological responses (SpO₂, HR, RPE, and blood glucose/lactate), cognitive performance, and cerebral haemodynamics were measured. Hypoxia reduced TT performance by ~3.5–4% (p < 0.05), but CHO did not affect TT performance under hypoxia. For the cognitive task, CHO slightly preserved exercise-induced cognitive reaction speed but did not affect response accuracy during hypoxic exercise. However, CHO did not preserve the decreased Hb-Diff (cerebral blood flow, CBF) and increased HHb in the prefrontal lobe (p < 0.05) during hypoxic exercise, and CHO failed to preserve hypoxia-suppressed prefrontal CBF and tissue oxygen saturation. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that CHO is effective in sustaining reaction speed for a cognitive task but not promoting TT performance during hypoxic exercise, which would be important for strategy-/decision-making when athletes compete at moderate high-altitude.  相似文献   

The effects of a calf pump device on second half performance of a simulated soccer match in competitive youth players     

S. Béliard  J. Cassirame  G. Ennequin  G. Coratella  N. Tordi 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(6):708-716

During soccer matches, performance decrements have been reported that relate to both physical abilities and technical skills. To investigate the effects of low-frequency electrical stimulation LFES (VeinoplusSport®, Ad Rem Technology, France) administered during half-time recovery on performance alterations during the second half. Twenty-two highly trained young players undertook a soccer-match simulation (SAFT⁹⁰). During half-time, they were randomly assigned to LFES group or Placebo group. Each half was split into 3 bouts of 12 minutes. Following each bout, maximal strike speed (MSS), sprint test (ST), maximal sprint accelerations (MA) and metabolic power (MP) were determined in both groups. Arterial (AF) and venous flows (VF) were measured at rest and at the end of half-time. LEFS group exhibited beneficial effects on performance compared to the Placebo group with a likely effect for MSS, ST, MA, and a possible effect for MP. AF and VF increased statistically more in LEFS group compared to Placebo group. The use of specific calf-pump LFES during half-time of a youth simulated soccer match attenuated the decrease in performance during the second half compared to Placebo group. This effect is most marked at the beginning of the second half with regards to explosive parameters.  相似文献   

Lean information for lean communication: Analysis of concepts,tools, references,and terms     

《International Journal of Information Management》2019

Communication and information processes are vital in any company. The use of lean manufacturing concepts applied to the communication and information process aims to reduce waste and make the flows leaner and simpler. Lean information is a new strand of lean concepts and applications. The purpose of this study was to analyze quantitatively the publications concerning the subject, outlining an overview for the new research field of lean communication. Aiming for a deeper understanding, the concepts of lean information were applied in a real process. The quantitative analysis was carried out to find the main authors and works, as well as the main terms used in related works. We used the methods of citations works, co-citation references, and co-occurrence of words using the VOSviewer software. This software was primarily designed to analyze bibliometric networks in order to create, visualize, and assess maps based on network data generated from queries in journals. We found a lack of a methodology for the development and implementation of lean information concepts. We observed a gap which had not been addressed yet, that is, mapping communication flows and developing and implementing lean information. Moreover, there was no method for improvement, implementation, and control.  相似文献   

低负荷加压训练改善自发性高血压大鼠的血压效果及机制研究     

谭朝文  赵彦  俞莹莹  马晓缓  郑玉婵 《体育科学》2020,(3):46-53,63

目的:探究低负荷加压训练对自发性高血压大鼠的降压效果及其作用机制。方法:选取4周龄雄性自发性高血压大鼠,随机分为对照组(高血压安静组)、低负荷训练组、低负荷加压训练组和高负荷训练组。低负荷训练组进行35%~55%1RM递进式低负荷爬梯训练,低负荷加压训练组进行30%~40%血流受限结合35%~55%1RM递进式低负荷爬梯训练,高负荷训练组进行55%~75%1RM递进式高负荷爬梯训练,训练后测定血压、血液中内皮素-1、血管内皮生长因子、一氧化氮合成酶的表达和心肌组织中内皮型一氧化氮合成酶的表达。结果:1)与对照组、高负荷训练组相比,低负荷加压训练组收缩压、舒张压显著下降(P<0.05);与低负荷训练组相比,低负荷加压训练组舒张压显著下降(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,低负荷加压训练组血液中内皮素-1表达显著下调(P<0.05),血管内皮生长因子和一氧化氮合成酶表达显著上调(P<0.05);3)与对照组相比,低负荷加压训练组心肌中内皮型一氧化氮合成酶表达显著上调(P<0.05);4)在低负荷加压训练组中,收缩压与内皮素-1呈正相关,相关性分析具有统计学意义(P<0.05);收缩压与一氧化氮合成酶、血管内皮生长因子、内皮型一氧化氮合成酶均呈负相关,相关性分析具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:1)低负荷加压训练降压效果优于高负荷训练;2)低负荷加压训练能够通过下调血液中内皮素-1的表达,上调血液中血管内皮生长因子和一氧化氮合成酶的表达,同时上调心肌中内皮型一氧化氮合成酶表达,改善内皮细胞功能,达到降压的效果。  相似文献   

Leaning towards China: Taiwanese Basketball Talent Migration to the PRC     

Wan-Ching Cho  Chih-Fu Cheng  Alan Bairner 《国际体育史杂志》2018,35(12-13):1390-1406

Abstract

This study aims to examine the different influences on Taiwanese basketball migration from 1999 to the present particularly in relation to the specific political relationship between Taiwan and China. Political influence on sports talent migration is well recognized, but has yet to be fully explored. This study contributes to our understanding of sport migration by providing in-depth empirical and analytical insights into the role of political influences, thereby adding to an understanding of the institutional factors that can either impede or facilitate sport labour migration and of the key networks involved in specific migratory processes.  相似文献   

Individual differences in an English learning achievement system: gaming flow experience,gender differences and learning motivation     

Jie Chi Yang  Benazir Quadir 《Technology, Pedagogy and Education》2018,27(3):351-366

Despite the growing interest in digital game-based learning (DGBL), there has been a lack of attention paid to the effects of individual differences, such as gaming flow experience and gender differences, in a reward-based achievement system. To this end, this study developed an achievement system with a reward mechanism to facilitate English learning. This study investigated how individuals’ gaming flow experience levels affected their levels of learning motivation, and whether any gender differences existed in gaming flow experience and learning motivation while engaging in the achievement system. The results showed that gaming flow experience significantly predicted learning motivation, whereby the students with high gaming flow experience were six times more likely to have high learning motivation than those with low gaming flow experience. Subsequent analysis showed that the female students had significantly higher gaming flow than the male students, but the male and female students showed similar learning motivation. Furthermore, the results indicated that the male students achieved more interactive rewards than the female students, but no significant differences were found in the male and female students’ achievement of other types of rewards. Based on these findings, the authors contribute to the literature by developing a framework which can be applied to support designers to accommodate individual differences in DGBL.  相似文献