Dealing with disagreement: The roles of topic familiarity and disagreement explanation in evaluation of conflicting expert claims and sources     

《Learning and Instruction》2020

Learners may increasingly encounter conflicting expert reports. However, little is known about how they deal with this challenge. We examined how learners' familiarity with a controversial historical topic affects their epistemic judgments of conflicting expert claims and sources, the interplay of their claim and source evaluation strategies, and their meta-epistemic understanding of the legitimacy of the disagreement (absolutist, multiplist, and evaluativist perspectives). In two studies, topic familiarity increased agreement with belief-consistent expert claims and the perceived trustworthiness of the expert who presented these claims. Topic familiarity also impacted the coordination of evaluation strategies and led to greater reliance on knowledge-based validation. However, topic familiarity did not affect meta-epistemic understanding of the legitimacy of the controversy. In the second study, reading an explanation about reasons for disagreements between historians resulted in higher evaluativism. Teaching about expert disagreement may be a productive approach for promoting appreciation of the diversity of knowledge.  相似文献   

Effectiveness of a school-based intervention to prevent child sexual abuse—Evaluation of the German IGEL program     

《Child abuse & neglect》2018

BackgroundChild sexual abuse (CSA) is a problem with severe consequences for victimized children. A variety of interventions have been developed and implemented over the last decades to prevent CSA. However, most of them have not been systematically evaluated to determine their effectiveness. The IGEL program is a school-based intervention to prevent CSA in third-grade primary school children in Germany.MethodsThis study was conducted using a quasi-experimental design, in which almost 300 children and their parents from eight intervention and four control schools were surveyed three times (pretest, posttest, 3 months later). In order to measure outcomes, a questionnaire was developed based on validated instruments to assess the knowledge, courses of action and self-protective skills of the children. Furthermore, increased anxiety and generalized touch aversion were examined as potentially harmful side effects of the program.ResultsThe results clearly demonstrate increased CSA-related knowledge and courses of action in children from the intervention group compared to the control children. These effects were medium-sized and sustained for at least three months after the last session. No meaningful negative side effects were detected in the evaluation for either the children or parents.ConclusionThe outcome evaluation indicates that the IGEL program is an effective intervention in terms of knowledge about CSA and known courses of action, and may therefore contribute to the prevention of CSA in primary schools. Despite this positive core finding of the intermediate outcomes, some adaptations of the program to children with different cultural backgrounds were made prior to further dissemination.  相似文献   

Towards a Framework for Evaluating the Research Performance of Chinese Double First-Class Universities     

XU Changqing 《Frontiers of Education in China》2020,15(3):369

The study focuses on the research performance of Double First-Class (DFC) universities in China. A theoretical framework based on economic theory and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method for a novel evaluation model is proposed. The model is performed on a sample of 41 participant DFC universities in China. Using data collected from these universities, it was found that there is no consistency between performance ranking, input ranking, and output ranking, with the best ranked universities far from the most efficient. These findings provide empirical evidence of DFC universities’ research performance situation and suggest strategies that the government can use to propel their sustainable development.  相似文献   

On the value of data-based decision making in education: The evidence from six intervention studies     

《Studies in Educational Evaluation》2021

Although some studies have investigated the impact of data-based decision making (DBDM) on student achievement, the overall findings are not straightforward, because of the studies’ methodological flaws and their mixed results. This article first presents a breakdown of the DBDM concept as applied in the Dutch context. Next, it explains the theoretical foundations of DBDM in feedback and goal-setting theory and then discusses various factors influencing DBDM effectiveness. The results of six Dutch DBDM interventions with an explicit focus on student achievement effects of DBDM and with strong research designs are then presented. Significant positive effects on student performance as measured by means of standardized tests are reported for four interventions. The interpretation of student progress data from student monitoring systems does not seem to be problematic for teachers, if they are deliberately trained for it, but teachers do find it difficult to translate student progress data into tailor-made instruction.  相似文献   

The conundrum research-practice partnerships face with system variability     

《Studies in Educational Evaluation》2021

Variability is inherent in educational phenomena. Research-practice approaches face a conundrum of how to deal with variability. It can be positive, providing evidence for effective innovation in local sites, but interferes with a goal of consistent effectiveness. Our methods for capitalizing on variation have become sophisticated, and solutions to the unwanted facets of variability are emerging. A working model for how to think about variability and setting expectations about the tolerance levels is proposed.  相似文献   

Teacher judgments at zero-acquaintance: A social accuracy analysis     

《Contemporary educational psychology》2021

How accurate are teachers’ first impressions and what moderates the degree of first impression accuracy? In previous teacher judgment accuracy research, teachers judged students who were well-acquainted to them, focusing on single traits. Here, we follow the zero-acquaintance paradigm and apply the Social Accuracy Model (SAM; Biesanz, 2010) to examine teachers’ first impressions regarding students’ personality profiles. Three groups of perceivers (student teachers, experienced teachers and psychology students; N = 285) rated students’ (N = 10) academic self-concept, intrinsic motivation and intelligence based on brief videos. SAM analyses revealed that teachers were accurate regarding the average students’ profile of characteristics (normative accuracy), but were not successful at detecting students' unique personality profiles (distinctive accuracy). Moreover, likeable students and those evaluated as more physically attractive were perceived with higher normative accuracy. Personality similarity and teaching experience were unrelated to accuracy. Implications for teacher judgment accuracy research and educational practice are discussed.  相似文献   

基于核心素养的初中英语作业设计与评价研究     

高晓静 《天津教育》2021,(8):87-88

作为初中英语教学中的关键组成部分,作业的设计和评价至关重要,合理化的作业设计能够起到良好的指导作用,对于巩固学生们的学习成效有着正面的影响。本文结合当前初中英语作业设计现状,重点分析核心素养视角下初中英语作业设计和评价的路径。  相似文献   

精准落实道德判断 力求落实行为准则     

魏伟 《成才之路》2021,(14):28-29

在道德与法治教学中,教师要结合鲜活的生活资源,创设丰富可感的情境,引导学生在积极体验中进行道德判断,并转化为行为实践,从而提升学生的道德水平。教师可采取以下策略提升学生的道德水平:对比辨析,深化道德体验;搜寻反思,明晰道德是非;角色置换,激发道德情感;突破两难,把握道德内涵;拓展思维,落实具体言行。  相似文献   

远程教育服务的质量标准与评价     

王健 《继续教育研究》2021,(1):28-32

随着互联网时代的到来,各类在线课程、远程教育服务得到了广泛应用。2020年新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情在全球的突发,使得远程在线教学成为学习和教育培训的主流方式,受到社会各界的关注。建立远程教育服务的质量标准和开展质量评价,就显得尤为重要和必要。本文对远程教育服务质量的相关概念、质量标准内容、如何构建质量评价指标体系、开展质量评价的程序等四个方面进行了讨论,最后对于远程教育机构如何提高服务质量、提升人才培养水平,提出了几点建议。  相似文献   

论污染环境罪的未遂     

黄常顺 《四川职业技术学院学报》2021,(2):61-67

对污染环境罪的理解和适用,应进一步把握“严重污染环境”的性质。学界对于“严重污染环境”的性质存在两种观点,即入罪要件说和既遂要件说。“后果特别严重”是污染环境罪的结果加重犯,也是“严重污染环境”不法程度的提升,前者与后者之间存在法条竞合关系。在结果加重犯的场合,也存在未遂与既遂的区分,对其认定,应结合基本犯既、未遂的情况具体分析。以“严重污染环境”作为既遂标准,有利于更全面、更有效地治理生态环境。  相似文献