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In this article, we report on the challenges entailed in the development of concepts, methods, and strategies for designing and implementing a cross-national research study of the first-years of school-mathematics teaching, including an exploration of how beginning mathematics teachers differ in their preparation, knowledge for teaching, teaching practice, working conditions, and pupil characteristics. The study was designed as a proof-of-concept for a study of teaching and teacher education to be implemented by educationalists, teacher educators, and early career teachers as an ongoing professional endeavor. Primary among the challenges was the development of the sampling design and the construction of measures. 相似文献
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UN Sustainable Development Goal 4.2 specifies that countries need to ensure that all girls and boys have access to quality early childhood development, care and pre-primary education so that they are ready for primary school education. This paper considers where Bangladesh, China, India and Myanmar stand in terms SDG Target Indicator 4.2.2. National data sets were used to assess equitable access to early childhood education and policy documents were analysed to determine how countries address the quality dimension. Overall, findings indicate (i) large variations in access to early childhood education among Bangladesh, China, India and Myanmar; (ii) variations in access based on family wealth; (iii) the need to enhance the quality of the data collected to measure access to early childhood education and monitor progress towards Sustainable Developmental Goal Target Indicator 4.2.2; (iv) a lack of attention to the measurement of the quality of early childhood education; and (iv) the need to address policy-implementation gaps in all four countries. 相似文献
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2015年联合国通过了《2030年可持续发展议程》,确立了17项全球可持续发展总体目标和169项具体目标,同时制定了232项指标监测可持续发展进程。可持续发展目标(SDGs)之间以及指标之间相互关联,构成了一个不可分割的复杂系统。文章用51个指标和中国的时序列数据,对相应的108个目标构成的关联网络进行定量化评价。通过社会网络分析和主成分分析,识别出17个关键目标和17项核心指标。17个核心指标可以解释51项指标95%以上的信息量。用此方法构建的核心指标既可大幅减少统计工作量,又可以达到全面监测可持续发展进程的目的。建议在实施《中国落实2030年可持续发展议程国别方案》的初级阶段将17个关键目标列为优先领域,重点突破。同时,通过强化相关目标的正协同效应和防范规避负协同效应,全面提升该落实方案的实施效果。 相似文献
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程序切片技术是一种重要的程序分析技术,在软件工程诸多领域有着广泛应用。而无定型切片技术摒弃了传统切片中对语句保持的约束,可以得到更轻更小的切片,能够在程序理解和逆向工程等方面更好地发挥作用。文中主要介绍了无定型切片的概念及其与传统切片的比较,并基于SDG的算法,对其应用研究方面作了讨论。 相似文献
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2015年,联合国通过17项可持续发展目标(SDGs),涵盖经济、社会、环境三大领域,其为各国全面转向可持续发展指明方向。然而,数据缺失、发展不均衡、目标间关联且相互制约等问题对于SDGs落实造成制约,2020年全球新冠肺炎疫情的暴发更加剧了各国实现SDGs面临的挑战。文章重点介绍中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)"地球大数据科学工程"(CASEarth)开展的可持续发展科学卫星、可持续发展大数据信息平台系统、SDG指标监测与评估等研究工作,并对可持续发展大数据国际研究中心的科学定位、核心任务及研究内容等进行介绍。文章提出了需提升SDGs数据服务能力,加强SDG指标监测与评估科学研究,研发SDGs科学系列卫星,建设科技创新促进可持续发展智库,以及提供面向发展中国家的教育和培训等发展建议。 相似文献
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