“All for One and One for All?” - Knowledge broker roles in managing tensions of internal coopetition: The Ubisoft case     

Paul Chiambaretto  David Massé  Nicola Mirc 《Research Policy》2019,48(3):584-600

Coopetition, i.e., cooperation between competing actors, has become a pervasive strategy for innovative firms. The primary focus of studies investigating coopetition centers on inter-firm relationships, highlighting the benefits, limits and configurational patterns of cooperative relationships between competing firms. Only a small, emerging group of studies seeks to extend the concept to the intra-firm level, stressing the existence and effects of competition and cooperation between units that are part of the same organization. This paper contributes to this latter group by investigating the effects of internal coopetition on knowledge and innovation sharing and highlighting the fundamental role of knowledge brokers in managing the resulting tensions. Based on a qualitative case study of the video game publisher Ubisoft, we stress how the tensions raised by internal coopetitive settings limit knowledge sharing between units, and we analyze the mechanisms through which the knowledge broker helps to overcome these limits. We identify three main functions of this knowledge broker that allow the promotion of knowledge and innovation transfer to occur between coopeting units: (1) protecting the unit’s competitive advantage by introducing a lagging principle in the transfer process, (2) reducing sharing costs by standardizing innovative solutions, and (3) enhancing awareness of and trust in innovative solutions by centralizing knowledge diffusion.  相似文献   

质性评价:另一种学生学业评价方法     

苑毅 《教育教学论坛》2020,(19):360-361

量化评价是基于自然科学主义观点对学生学业开展评价,它将学生作为统一的整体忽略了个体之间的差异,而基于人文主义的质性评价则注重学生之间的个体差异。质性评价为职业教育中的学业评价提供了另一种好思路,值得研究和推广。  相似文献   

The balancing act of social enterprise: An IT emergence perspective     

《International Journal of Information Management》2021

The significance of IT in the context of non-digital social enterprises (SEs) and its influence on the viability of such SEs have been less studied themes in information systems research. In the era of ubiquitous IT, SEs have increasing pressures to cope with the ever-dynamic technological domain while balancing their dual objectives. Data from a single revelatory case of Jaipur Rugs (JR), an SE situated in a developing country context (India), is used to fathom the peculiarities of the SE context with a focus on the sociomaterial phenomena of IT emergence. Using the three fundamental notions of sociomateriality theory (relationality, performativity, and practice) this interpretive study understands the mechanisms underlying the SE’s attempt to balance its financial and social sustainability objectives. Through the innovative use of IT, the SE establishes and maintains shared value, yielding stability and efficiency to the business (financial viability) while simultaneously ensuring scalability and effectiveness of their social impact. This study strengthens the perspective of IT as an emergent phenomenon situated in sociomaterial practices and fills a gap in organizational literature by examining such phenomenon in the rich context of SEs where achieving the balance between dual goals is increasingly dependent on non-human (IT) agents.  相似文献   

兴奋剂个人违纪的经济处罚初探          下载免费PDF全文

裘韵 《体育科研》2018,(2):54-61,76

世界反兴奋剂机构授权各反兴奋剂组织对违规的运动员可施加经济处罚或合理回收成本费用，同时提出了以"施加最长禁赛期"为前提和比例原则的限制，却未明示该限制的目的，这直接影响了各反兴奋剂组织对该条款的解读。不同版本的经济处罚规则反映制定者对授权条款中"最长禁赛期"条件的解释，在符合比例原则的前提下均具有合理性。但我国反兴奋剂政策文件中的经济处罚条款另辟蹊径，以"负担兴奋剂检测费用"为名义施加罚款，混淆了《世界反兴奋剂条例》授权的两类经济后果间的界限。为明确经济处罚的目的和限度，应对条文的表述进行修正并完善可减免经济处罚的条件。  相似文献   

基于差异驱动和GRA-TOPSIS法的学术期刊综合评价研究     

张发明  庾凡  叶兆青  王伟明 《现代情报》2018,38(4):77-82

[目的/意义]针对学术期刊多属性综合评价中指标权重获取以及评价信息集结的问题，提出一种新的基于差异驱动和GRA-TOPSIS法的学术期刊综合评价模型。[方法/过程]首先，利用基于拉开档次法的差异驱动原理来最大限度地体现各学术期刊之间的整体差异，并据此确定学术期刊的指标权重；然后，分别利用GRA法和TOPSIS法对评价信息进行综合集成，计算两种方法的学术期刊综合评价值；最后，基于组合评价的思想对两种评价结果进行有效结合，以此确定学术期刊的最终评价值并排序。[结果/结论]选取"农业经济"类期刊为研究对象，结果表明，该方法不仅能够充分体现各学术期刊之间的实际差距，还能够同时从数据距离和数据几何形状上反映学术期刊的综合水平，是一种科学合理的学术期刊综合评价方法。  相似文献   

Current issues in large-scale educational assessment in Japan: focus on national assessment of academic ability and university entrance examinations     

Naoki Kuramoto 《Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice》2018,25(4):415-433

Currently, large-scale testing in Japan faces conflicting requirements derived from principles of education on the one hand, and measurement, on the other. Issues of affective ambivalence towards tests (i.e. test aversion and dependence) are also observed. The seemingly conflicting government discussions regarding the national assessment of academic achievement at primary and middle schools, and reforms to university entrance examinations, are discussed here in terms of these issues.  相似文献   

诺奖级颠覆性技术革命专利LED的创新性TRIZ分析和专利竞争及进化特征实证     

燕慧泉  吕鹏辉  张仁琼  王磊 《科技管理研究》2018,(10)

本文通过2014年诺贝尔物理奖的科研过程和遇到的相关科研难题,进行了科技情报分析并结合TRIZ矛盾矩阵进行解题分析,并通过科研思路的难点的初级问题和产业终极问题进行科研思路解题的具体步骤,从而解释了诺贝尔2014物理奖的科研成功的科学思路选择的合理性,同时跟综该科研成功后的相关领域的文献量的变化和升迁情况和专利分布,并进行该技术发展进化特征的分析。  相似文献   

图书馆学视阈内的客观性原则之诠释     

王学文 《现代情报》2016,36(10):34

图书馆学的客观性依据是基于批判现实基础上的理性要求。它与古典图书馆学家崇尚的“实事求是”、“凸显本真”有着显著的区别。“实事求是”之所以不等同于客观性,缘由在于其实质上是一种高下分明的品级性。与之相反,客观性的实质体现在它的平等性上。图书馆学的客观性原则在过往的古典图书馆文化演进史上得以长久的承袭,主要在于其刻意求索着一种理想化的精神世界。这一理想化精神世界的内在底蕴是人性为本、自由发展和真理永恒。图书馆学中的各种偏见能够凭藉人性为本、自由发展和真理永恒加以克服,同时,人性为本、自由发展及真理永恒本体的偏见又能被图书馆学发展史所克服。  相似文献   

论科学的感觉优先原则、霸权主义和民主主义——从“客观性”一词谈起     

孙志海 《科学学研究》2003,21(Z1):1-5

为了保证研究对象的客观性,科学确立了感觉优先原则。该原则是对认识对象存在性的判定原则,后来被迁移为对认识过程和结果的科学合法性的判定原则。但它受到经验证实原则和经验的"客观性"要求的双重限制。在实证科学语境下,"客观性"的真实含义是"可公共感知性"和"与主体无关性"。人们对感觉优先原则的不适当推广导致科学霸权主义,对经验客观性的要求又导致科学研究的大众主义。  相似文献   

科研拔尖人才的成才规律与启示   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

李晓轩  牛珩  冯俊新 《科学学研究》2004,22(3):273-277

"优势积累"为科研拔尖人才做出杰出工作提供了最大可能。"优势积累"的因素包括:具有良好的先天素质,进入名校学习,师从名师,有出国留学经历,以及在一流研究机构从事科学研究工作等。但是,最终评判科研拔尖人才的标准是做出高质量的研究工作,而不是其它因素。我国拔尖人才的培养应注重广泛利用国际资源以及建立基于普遍性原则的竞争机制。  相似文献