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1.
中国竞技体育正在缓慢开启运动员归化之门。运动员归化能够在短期快速提升中国竞技体育水平的同时,为中国竞技体育业注入更高水准、更国际化的竞技职业道德和规范。目前中国归化运动员的主要障碍是国籍取得上的“入籍难”以及其所表征的过于保守的立法取向,应在结合代表性的国际体育组织有关归化运动员的规范和标准的基础上,依托中国现有的《国籍法》实现运动员归化的制度突围。重点是细化并完善《国籍法》第7条第3款以及《外国人在中国永久居留审批管理办法》第6条第3款等条款,同时控制好国内归化运动员的数量,保障归化运动员各方面利益。  相似文献   
2.
该文采用文献资料法、调查法等,从传播媒介、生产者及受众的角度,举例分析我国体育传媒与信息服务产业在娱乐化背景下的现状,解释说明娱乐化、泛娱乐化产生的原因,即媒介发展导致信息爆炸;资本家逐利导致内容低俗化;生产者准入门槛低导致内容良莠不齐;大众审美有待提高;政府监管把控不足。为此,提出如下应对:用辩证的态度看待现代媒介的发展;提高资本家的社会责任意识;提高从业者的职业素质;提高大众的审美能力;加强政府的监管职责。  相似文献   
3.
近年来,体育运动愈来愈受到人们的关注和青睐,在体育运动训练与竞赛中产生运动疲劳是身体运动到一定程度从而引起组织器官机能下降的一种正常生理现象,然而当运动负荷超过人体的机能承载能力时,就会让人呼吸变得急促、肌肉酸痛、反应迟钝,必须经过一段时间恢复才能继续运动,所以如何消除疲劳感是体育训练中需要重点解决的问题。基于此,该文对体育运动训练中常见的疲劳类型和判断方法进行了分析,并提出了相应的解决措施,帮助消除疲劳感和提高身体素质。  相似文献   
4.
该文运用文献资料等研究方法,基于“互联网+”教育,提出“五位一体”全面推进特教学校体育的文化建设策略:运用翻转课堂、慕课、微课等其他多媒体科技手段完善特教体育教育;改革特教学校体育课程教学;发展特教学校社团体育活动;加强特教学校体育文化宣传;建立特教学校完善规章制度。可以为特教主管部门、社会、特教学校、教师、学生5个实施层等参与推动特教学校体育文化传播发展提供理论、方法与策略指导。以期推进“弱有所扶”,真正实现“小康路上一个都不能少”的国家战略发展。  相似文献   
5.
《Sport Management Review》2020,23(2):315-329
In many countries, voluntary sports clubs are the main recipients of public subsidies regarding the provision of recreational sport, and the economically most important level of government is usually the local government (i.e. the municipalities). The purpose of this article is to examine whether and how municipal framework conditions matter for sports clubs. Inspired by previous studies, we examine the role of direct and indirect public subsidies as well as facility coverage. The authors conduct analyses on a general level (for all sports) and specifically for five sports (badminton, football, gymnastics, handball and swimming). The differentiation between sports allows us to examine how municipal framework conditions might be associated differently with density and participation across sports. In the statistical analyses, the authors apply data collected among all 98 Danish municipalities. The results show that the municipal levels of direct and indirect subsidies are weakly correlated with both the density of and participation in sports clubs, while stronger correlations can be identified with regard to facility coverage. The analyses for the five sports reveal that the supply of relevant facility types is – with few exceptions – positively correlated with sports club density and participation levels within each sport. Thus, facility coverage seems to play a more important role for sports clubs than the levels of indirect and particularly direct subsidies.  相似文献   
6.
采用文献资料法、逻辑分析法等探究硬地面与非硬地(水中、沙地)界面上进行“plyometric”训练对运动表现与肌肉损伤的影响,并提出运动训练实践建议。研究发现:硬地与水中plyometric训练均可以提高运动表现,且干预效果相似;硬地与沙地进行plyometric训练,均可以提高运动表现,不同的测试指标反向纵跳、蹲跳、垂直跳的干预效果存在异同。水中和沙地相对于硬地面进行plyometric训练可以明显较少训练后肌肉酸痛程度,降低运动损伤风险。硬地面适应机制:肌腱复合体和关节的训练适应机制;神经-肌肉对训练的适用机制等。水中和沙地的适应机制:“离心-向心”转化速度;神经冲动与适应机制等。对运动训练的建议:在水中进行plyometric训练时,水面一般在身体的腰部-胸部位置,水温的选择一般在27°C左右;水中、硬地plyometric训练的干预周期介于6-10周之间,每周干预频率介于2-3次之间;组合界面plyometric训练的相关研究文献较少,需进一步研究论证;当在硬界面时,中等负荷量可诱导出最佳的效果;在进行Plyometric训练时,强度比量更重要,且小强度优于大强度;不同年龄、性别进行Plyometric训练时,要选择适应的训练手段,水中和沙地面可以作为传统训练的替换手段。  相似文献   
7.
侯爽 《体育科研》2019,(3):30-37
“体教结合”是解决当前我国竞技体育发展问题的重要途径和举措。传统的体育后备人才培养模式只重视专项体育技能的发展而忽视了文化教育的重要性,不利于个体的全面发展。“体教结合”更重视人的全面发展,体育与教育的融合,使得竞技体育人才逐渐从运动员这一单一角色向“学生-运动员”双重角色转变。研究以角色认同为切入口,探讨上海“体教结合”举措下,角色的转变对体育竞技后备人才的影响。选取上海体育学院中国乒乓球学院少年班学员作为“学生-运动员”样本,选取国家乒乓球青年队及部分省市队队员作为职业运动员样本,使用结构化心理测量工具,对比两类受访者在运动与学业上的角色认同、心理倦怠与动机变量的差异。得出:在上海“体教结合”举措下,竞技体育后备人才认同“学生-运动员”双重角色,他们在学业任务中的卷入程度更高;双重角色使运动员在运动任务与学业任务上的主观价值感存在差异,表现出双重角色之间的冲突,但对个体的整体人生规划并不冲突;双重角色之间的转化,对于“学生-运动员”的心理健康存在促进效应。  相似文献   
8.
The three British Sports Councils are instrumental in developing the policy landscape for sport and physical education (PE). They aspire to equality between the sexes in ‘sport and physical recreation’ (SPR), in keeping with their Royal Charters [Sport England. (1996/2009). Royal Charter of English Sports Council (Sport England). Retrieved from https://www.sportengland.org/media/10309/consolidated-royal-charter.pdf; Sport Scotland. (1996). The Royal Charter for the Scottish Sports Council. Retrieved from http://www.sportscotland.org.uk/sportscotland/Documents/Resources/sportscotlandRoyalCharter.pdf; Sport Wales. (1997). The Royal Charter of the Sports Council for Wales. Retrieved from http://sport.wales/media/128780/royal%20charter.doc] and the Equality Act [HM Government. (2010). Equality Act 2010. London: TSO. Retrieved from http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2010/15/pdfs/ukpga_20100015_en.pdf]. As public bodies they are committed to eliminating direct and indirect discrimination in provision, and advancing equality. One of their main functions is the distribution of public money, and all collect participation data detailing the different SPR choices of the sexes. These are primary planning tools in the three home countries. This paper investigates whether equality in relation to sex is considered a ‘first-order’ question of distributive justice for the Councils. Therefore, the funding awarded to the top SPR preferences by sex for each Country is presented. Defining SPR determines eligibility for funding and the boundaries of the SPR infrastructure which influences and interfaces with sport, school sport and PE. Consequently, critical feminist political and economic theory is used to evaluate the Councils’ framing of SPR and equality in relation to sex. Male preferences are disproportionately grant-aided leaving those of females significantly under-funded. Although the remit of the Councils is ‘sport and physical recreation’ this is usually reframed by them as ‘sport’. Equality is generally considered a second-order question of justice, and outsourced to national governing bodies of sport. Further dance, one of the most popular female SPR activities for girls, has not, until 2016, been designated as SPR in England and has been ineligible for funding. These policies suggest indirect discrimination against women and girls who disproportionately prefer physical recreation and dance to competitive sport. Therefore, the Sports Councils and/or overarching government departments may not be fulfilling their legal requirements under the Equality Act.  相似文献   
9.
Abstract

Almost since its inception in 1955, taekwondo has been used as a form of soft diplomacy for the Republic of Korea (ROK) and then later by the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK). Taekwondo demonstrations have been instrumental to bringing the ROK and DPRK back to the negotiating table, but how this has been possible has yet to be addressed. This research therefore addresses two questions: (1) What efforts early in taekwondo’s history facilitated its soft diplomacy efforts today? and (2) How do taekwondo organizing bodies teach and promote soft diplomacy today? Systematic literature reviews of taekwondo moral virtues, pedagogy, history, and organizing bodies’ constitutions as well as elite interviews were conducted with those directly involved with taekwondo diplomatic efforts to determine when and how taekwondo soft diplomacy tactics were initiated. This interdisciplinary, qualitative study elucidates that early taekwondo pioneers’ efforts were focussed on soft diplomacy and how their efforts play an ongoing role in ROK and DPRK rapprochement. Furthermore, taekwondo diplomacy has occurred at the governmental, organizational, and grassroots levels, indicating it may be the only sport used at all three levels of diplomacy.  相似文献   
10.
王进 《体育科研》2018,(4):21-26,33
在15名女子跳台滑雪运动员诉温哥华冬奥会组委会一案中,加拿大国内法院对于奥运会组委会的管辖权问题成为了争议的焦点。奥组委在形式上虽然是一个国内组织,但由于其与国际奥委会、各国际单项体育联合会以及国内政府之间的特殊关系,使得国内法院在决定是否对涉及奥组委的争议案件行使管辖权时,不得不谨慎地判断争议行为作出的真正主体。通常情况下,对于奥组委执行国际体育组织的奥林匹克决议产生的纠纷,国内法院应当遵守《奥林匹克宪章》的规定,放弃对此类争议的管辖权,交由具有合法资格的国际体育仲裁院(CAS)进行裁决。  相似文献   
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