国内外企业研发投入差异化激励政策研究     

袁永  胡海鹏 《科技管理研究》2018,(4)

梳理近期国内外实施的企业研发投入差异化激励政策,提出完善我国企业研发投入财税激励政策的对策建议。  相似文献   

双积分制下的新能源汽车产业链续航能力决策研究     

马亮  郭鹏辉 《科技管理研究》2019,(23)

在双积分制背景下，通过构建产业链自制式决策和外购式决策模型，研究了新能源汽车产业链中乘用车生产企业和电池生产企业的最优决策问题。结果表明：消费者支付意愿的提高、电池生产企业的研发能力的提升、市场上新能源汽车积分交易价格的上涨，都有利于两种决策产业链中新能源汽车续航能力的提高；自制式决策更有效，但外购式决策产业链可以通过提升消费者支付意愿、提高电池企业的研发能力来达到自制式决策产业链利润的效果。在外购式决策产业链中引入了政府补贴机制，实现产业链良性发展。在此基础上，给出了新能源汽车产业发展的建议。  相似文献   

Technology adoption,consumer inattention and heuristic decision-making: Evidence from a UK district heating scheme     

Andrew Burlinson  Monica Giulietti  Giuliana Battisti 《Research Policy》2018,47(10):1873-1886

This paper contributes to the debate on the energy efficiency paradox according to which consumers fail to adopt cost-effective, energy efficient technologies over less efficient technologies and therefore fail to reduce energy consumption. Both traditional and behavioural theories are used to investigate the decision-making process of residential consumers with empirical evidence based upon a specially designed quasi-experimental survey of 784 households on the decision to connect to a district-heating system, a more energy efficient alternative to individual heating systems. The results suggest an internal discount rate of around 36 per cent for homeowners, a signal that consumers undervalue future energy costs. We also find the household’s decision to be negatively affected by years of payback up to around 7–8 years. Our findings suggest that neglecting consumer inattention and heuristics can lead to biases which cast doubt on the existence of the energy efficiency paradox. We believe that these results help to explain why some consumers are unlikely to invest in energy efficient technology, particularly those on low incomes.  相似文献   

“A tie is a tie? Gender and network positioning in life science inventor collaboration”     

Kjersten Bunker Whittington 《Research Policy》2018,47(2):511-526

Collaborative relationships are an important anchor of innovative activity, and rates of collaboration in science are on the rise. This research addresses differences in men’s and women’s collaborative positioning and collaborator characteristics in science, and whether network influences on scientists’ future productivity may be contingent on gender. Utilizing co-inventor network relations that span thirty years of global life science patenting across sectors, geographic locations, and technological background, I present trends of men’s and women’s involvement in patenting and their collaborative characteristics across time. Amidst some network similarities, women are less likely to connect otherwise unconnected inventors (brokerage) and have greater status-asymmetries between themselves and their co-inventors. In multivariate models that include past and future activity, I find that some network benefits are contingent on gender. Men receive greater returns from network positioning for brokerage ties, and when collaborating with men. Women benefit from collaborating with women, and are more likely to collaborate with women, but both men and women collaborate with mostly men. I discuss the implications of these results for innovative growth, as well as for policies that support men’s and women’s career development.  相似文献   

Spillovers in the production of knowledge: A meta-regression analysis     

Pedro Cunha Neves  Tiago Neves Sequeira 《Research Policy》2018,47(4):750-767

The production of knowledge was subjected to quantitative analysis in the second half of the twentieth century, following Arrow (1962). The determinants of knowledge and the externalities present in the innovation process were discussed with immediate policy influence. In particular, the presence and strength of the spillover of the pool of past knowledge has encouraged high subsidization of R&D in the most developed countries. We survey the empirical literature on the spillover effect in the production of knowledge and implement a meta-analytic regression. We discover that the average spillover effect is less than but close to one and is highly significant. We also find that the spillover effect tends to be greater when the estimation of knowledge production accounts for foreign inputs, and it tends to be lower when the estimation includes only rich economies, regional data are used, and the pool of knowledge is not the patent stock.  相似文献   

Less than expected—The minor role of foreign firms in upgrading domestic suppliers—The case of Vietnam     

Thi Xuan Thu Nguyen  Javier Revilla Diez 《Research Policy》2019,48(6):1573-1585

Vietnam is an important case for studying the impact of foreign firms’ backward linkages on local firms’ productivity. As an emerging economy Vietnam became the second most popular FDI destination after China in Pacific Asia since 2014. Our empirical analysis for Vietnam as a whole demonstrates a significant difference in the productivity growth between domestic suppliers who have a direct linkage with foreign firms and non-suppliers. This is also true for the Southeast Region (SE) with Ho-Chi-Minh City as economic center. However, in the Red River Delta (RRD), that difference is not statistically significant. Based on in-depth interviews with domestic suppliers, we reveal that in the RRD, effects of foreign firms on the productivity upgrading of domestic suppliers are indirect and limited while internal factors like absorptive capacity are more important for the productivity growth. These regional differences can be traced back to different regional specializations which still persist from the pre-reform era.  相似文献   

Human capital and innovation: the importance of the optimal organizational task structure     

Tiago Fonseca  Pedro de Faria  Francisco Lima 《Research Policy》2019,48(3):616-627

Management literature has identified high-skilled human capital as a crucial dimension of innovation processes at the firm level. In this study, we introduce an alternative view of human capital based on the tasks that firms’ workers perform. We propose a measure of cognitive analytical and interpersonal tasks: the degree of abstractism. We argue that the level of abstractism of a firm has an effect on a firm's propensity to innovate and on its product innovation performance. We hypothesize that while the degree of abstractism has a linear positive relationship with the propensity to innovate, the relationship between abstractism and product innovation performance follows an inverted u-shaped relationship. We find partial support to our hypotheses using data from more than six thousand Portuguese firms. We discuss how these results change our understanding of the relationship between human capital and innovation at the firm level.  相似文献   

内部社会资本、二元学习与研发团队创造力          下载免费PDF全文

戴万亮  杨皎平  李庆满 《科研管理》2019,40(1):159-169

团队成员工作积极性不高与创造力不够是阻碍研发团队创新的最大问题，良好关系下的团队成员知识交流与思维碰撞对于研发团队创造力至关重要。以二元学习为中介变量，知识异质性为调节变量，构建了内部社会资本影响研发团队创造力的有调节的中介效应模型。采用结构方程模型，基于308个研发团队的数据的实证研究发现：结构资本和认知资本对研发团队创造力的直接影响显著，而关系资本对研发团队创造力的直接影响不显著；二元学习在结构资本及认知资本与研发团队创造力的关系中扮演部分中介角色，而在关系资本与研发团队创造力的关系中扮演完全中介角色；知识异质性正向调节二元学习中介效应。本研究有助于加强对团队创造力影响因素及作用机理的了解，也为提高研发团队创造力提供借鉴。  相似文献   

Microscopy and literature     

Peter J.F. Harris 《Endeavour》2019,43(3):100695

This article draws attention to literary works which have been influenced by microscopy, or in which microscopy has played a significant role. The work of writers including Jonathan Swift, Voltaire, George Eliot, H. G. Wells and D. H. Lawrence is discussed. In many cases these authors had direct experience of operating microscopes and viewing the wonders of the microscopic world. However, with the increasing separation of the two cultures, recent examples of microscopy in literature are rare.  相似文献   

官员更替、银行授信与企业研发投入          下载免费PDF全文

李后建 《科研管理》2018,39(11):158-165

利用官员更替数据匹配世界银行提供的关于中国企业营商环境质量调查数据，旨在从实证的角度探究官员更替、银行授信和企业研发投入之间的关系。研究发现，官员更替和银行授信都对企业研发投入具有显著的促进作用。此外，官员更替这种强烈的外生冲击会强化银行授信对企业研发投入的积极影响。不过，官员更替和银行授信对规模不同企业的研发投入的直接和交互影响存在着差异。上述结果表明，对于政策制定者而言，丰富和完善官员更替制度对加快实施创新驱动发展战略具有重要的实践意义。  相似文献