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《Journal of College Student Psychotherapy》2013,27(2):15-29
Abstract Most college counseling centers have adopted session limits for their psychotherapy clients though little evidence exists to support such cutoff points. In the past eight years, a few studies have been published using survival analysis statistics for investigating the speed of recovery in psychotherapy. The outcome of clients at a university counseling center was studied to assess change across time, on a session-by-session basis. The analysis of these data showed that 14 sessions of psychotherapy were required for 51% of clients to meet criteria for clinically significant change. Results were interpreted as suggesting that limiting psychotherapy at college counseling centers may result in improvements that are not clinically meaningful for the majority of clients receiving services. 相似文献
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Dawn Scott 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(13):1523-1532
This study examined the utility of a range of approaches used to develop player-dependent speed zones in time-motion analysis (TMA), in determining the dose-response (internal load) of daily football training. Daily external (10 Hz GPS) and internal load (heart rate metrics, ratings of perceived exertion [RPE], wellness ratings) measures were tracked for 22 International women’s football players during a 21-day training camp. High-speed (HSR) and very high speed running (VHSR) were determined according to arbitrary speed thresholds, as well as using a range of different individualization approaches that included the velocities corresponding to the heart rate deflection point, maximal aerobic speed, YYIR1 performance, and maximal sprint speed (MSS). Within-player correlations between the TMA approaches versus internal load measures quantified the dose-response to training. Correlations between HSR and VHSR vs. RPE were large (r = 0.53–0.67), with the exception of VHSR for the MSS technique (moderate; r = 0.44). HSR was very-largely associated with heart rate indices (r = 0.72–0.78), again with the exception of MSS (large; r = 0.60–0.67). Using a range of different fitness characteristics to individualise speed thresholds did not enhance the dose-response determination to daily fluctuations in external load, and was worsened with MSS per se. 相似文献
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体力活动与健康的研究是制定预防疾病、增进健康的体育活动量的重要依据,目前有关儿童青少年体力活动与青少年心血管代谢健康风险之间"剂量—效应"关系的研究已经成为当今体育科研的很重要课题之一。通过文献综述法,对儿童青少年体力活动与肥胖、高血压、血脂异常、代谢综合征等心血管代谢健康风险之间"剂量—效应"关系进行了研究,结果发现儿童青少年体力活动量、体力活动强度、体力活动频率与肥胖、高血压、血脂异常、代谢综合征等心血管代谢健康风险之间存在"剂量-效应"关系,但研究证据还存在着许多不足。 相似文献
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自从2010年美国运动医学学会(ACSM)提出了"运动是良医"(exercise is medicine)这一概念以来,运动对健康的促进作用越来越受到重视。运动与健康之间是否存剂量-效应关系;是否存在着最小或最适宜的运动量;运动量、运动强度和运动持续时间等因素中哪个因素对健康效益起决定性作用等一系列问题引起了学者们的关注。以"运动强度与健康效益"为主题,综述2012年ACSM年会相关专题的研究进展。由于较大强度运动更有利于心肺耐力的提高,而中小强度更有利于降低代谢异常和心血管疾病所带来的风险,建议对于心血管、糖尿病等病人,在制定运动处方时,出于安全性考虑,应当慎重选择较大强度运动;对于健康人群应适当的鼓励进行较大强度运动。 相似文献
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Training frequency is considered an important variable in the hypertrophic response to regimented resistance exercise. The purpose of this paper was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental studies designed to investigate the effects of weekly training frequency on hypertrophic adaptations. Following a systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scoups, and SPORTDiscus databases, a total of 25 studies were deemed to meet inclusion criteria. Results showed no significant difference between higher and lower frequency on a volume-equated basis. Moreover, no significant differences were seen between frequencies of training across all categories when taking into account direct measures of growth, in those considered resistance-trained, and when segmenting into training for the upper body and lower body. Meta-regression analysis of non-volume-equated studies showed a significant effect favoring higher frequencies, although the overall difference in magnitude of effect between frequencies of 1 and 3+ days per week was modest. In conclusion, there is strong evidence that resistance training frequency does not significantly or meaningfully impact muscle hypertrophy when volume is equated. Thus, for a given training volume, individuals can choose a weekly frequency per muscle groups based on personal preference. 相似文献
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锻炼心理学研究进展 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
基于国外学者的元分析、叙事性综述以及2000年之后的研究报告,对身体锻炼与焦虑、抑郁、应激反应、心境状态、自尊和认知功能的关系进行了综述,以期展示锻炼心理学的最新研究进展.研究结果表明,身体锻炼与上述心理健康指标的理想变化有关,其发生作用的效果量整体上为小到中等,但都达到了显著水平.然而,要揭示身体锻炼与心理健康间可能存在的因果关系,以使身体锻炼真正成为传统心理健康疗法的替代或补充,仍任重而道远.还分别探讨了第三变量对身体锻炼与心理健康指标的关系的影响,指出今后对该领域进行大量的"剂量反应"研究的必要性.还对身体锻炼和心理健康的关系研究领域的发展提出了5点建议,即,研究身体锻炼对"积极的心理健康"的促进作用;进行心理健康运动处方的研究;加强身体锻炼与自尊、自我观念及认知功能的关系研究;对研究中额外变量进行控制;并且探索研究中的第三变量. 相似文献
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This paper presents the research on the atmospheric corrosion rates of carbon steel, zinc and copper in Chongqing, which was a corrosion subprogram of an international project, Regional Air Pollution in Developing Countries. We performed field exposure tests of carbon steel, zinc and copper at an urban site Guanyinqiao and a rural site Tieshanping inChongqing, then used grey relational analysis, based on the database of the whole corrosion project, to determine the order of the effect of environmental factors on corrosion rates of tested metals, and established dose-response functions for these three metals. The results showed that the two crucial agents of acidic environment, SO2 and H , were common factors that contributed most to the corrosion of the tested metals. The established dose-response functions for outdoor carbon steel and zinc are proved applicable to use in Chongqing, but the function for copper needs further modifying. We employed these dose- response functions and general environmental data to elaborate the maps of corrosion rate respectively of carbon steel and zinc by geological information system (GIS) technique which help to identify areas of high corrosion damage risk. An acceptable annual average SO2 level of 21 μg/m3 for carbon steel and that of 61 μg/m3 for zinc are also put forward to control the air pollution impact on atmospheric corrosion in Chongqing urban areas. 相似文献
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绿柱虫γ-内酯二萜(C)是来源于软珊瑚Clavularia viridis Quoy and Gaimard的一个新结构化合物,能对抗KCI,NE所致兔主动脉条的收缩;对KCI作用的IC_(50)为6.8±1.8μmol·L~(-1)。C的作用与内皮细胞有关,与Ach的松血管效应产生相互影响,不受消炎痛、酚妥拉明的影响,可使KCl、CaCl_2量效曲线右移,并压低最大反应,PD_2值分別为4.95,5.3。但C只能平行右移NE量效曲线,PA_2值为5.62,9μmol.L~(-1)C可抑制由NE引起的依内钙和依外钙收缩,抑制率分別达82.1±7.1％,37.2％。 相似文献
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体力活动与健康的剂量—效应关系研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
进行规律性的体力活动有利于提高健康效益、降低疾病风险,大量的研究证实了体力活动与健康之间存在着剂量-效应关系.从体力活动概念,历史演变过程,体力活动量的各单因素(量、强度、频率、时间)等方面概述了体力活动与健康之间的剂量-效应关系.通过历史回顾厘清了体力活动中“剂量”这一概念由“体力活动总量→业余时间运动量→运动量单因素”的演化过程,对建立在剂量-效应理论基础上的运动推荐量的发展做了详细的论述,并深入探讨了运动量、强度、频率、持续时间各单因素与健康之间可能存在的剂量-效应关系曲线模型特征. 相似文献