公共健康视角下的电子竞技发展趋势研究     

闫金 《山东体育科技》2020,(1):11-15

电子竞技(E-sports)已经成为当代发展最快,且最重要的文化现象之一。国家体育总局于2003年将它列为第99个运动项目,又在2011年再次将电子竞技改为正式比赛项目。电子竞技从运动员、观众和经济价值而言,是一个不断发展的产业,而且它将被列入2024年巴黎奥运会。虽然最初主要是年轻男性对电子竞技感兴趣,但电子竞技有可能在更广泛的用户群体中带来健康行为的改变。本文运用文献资料法,对比分析法和逻辑分析法探讨电子竞技在整个生命周期内影响健康行为以及一些主要困境的解决措施。除此之外,电子竞技将有可能帮助于个人改变其体育活动和健康行为。最后考虑到电子竞技的指数增长,对于学者和政策制定者来说,认识到电子竞技带来的机遇是非常重要的。  相似文献   

Efficacy of using non-linear pedagogy to support attacking players’ individual learning objectives in elite-youth football: A randomised cross-over trial     

Simon J. Roberts  James R. Rudd  Matthew J. Reeves 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(11-12):1454-1464

ABSTRACT

The present study examined the efficacy of a coaching curriculum, based on non-linear pedagogy, on improving attacking players’ individual learning objectives (ILOs) in elite-youth football. Participants included 22 attacking players (i.e., centre-forwards, wide-players and attacking midfield players) from a professional football academy in England. The players were randomly appointed to both control (CON) and intervention (INT) periods following baseline measures. The INT (non-linear) and CON (linear) periods were both designed to support the ILOs provided to each player as part of the elite player performance plan. The study adopted a randomised cross-over design and ILOs considered important for attacking players (i.e., strong foot finishing, weak foot finishing, 1-v-1 and decision-making) were evaluated using the Loughborough Shooting Skill Test. The results showed significant differences for INT in 1-v-1 (P< 0.02) and decision-making (P< 0.01). However, there were no significant differences for strong foot finishing, weak foot finishing or time taken. These results support non-linear pedagogy in developing 1-v-1 game play and decision-making but not for technical shooting proficiency.  相似文献   

Transformative Education     

L. A. Paul  John Quiggin 《Educational theory》2020,70(5):561-579

Universities aspire to offer students a transformative experience, but rarely spell out the nature of this transformation. In this essay, L. A. Paul and John Quiggin frame the successful university education as transformative in the philosophical sense. They explain the way that a successful college education can be understood as generating an individual conceptual revolution, and thus, as a transformative experience. Education can create epistemically transformative change through the process of developing critical thinking skills, leading to conceptual replacement and the discovery of new intellectual frameworks. This epistemic transformation, if deep enough, scales up into a personal transformation. After explicating the nature and structure of transformative education, Paul and Quiggin show how understanding transformation in terms of personal change and awareness of unawareness clarifies the debate over its value.  相似文献   

A meta-analytic review of interventions to improve children’s attitudes toward their peers with intellectual disabilities     

《Contemporary educational psychology》2021

Children’s biases toward their peers with intellectual disabilities tend to have negative developmental and social consequences for those with intellectual disabilities. As a result, researchers developed intervention programs to reduce biases toward children with intellectual disabilities. This meta-analysis is a quantitative summary of 59 studies and 144 hypothesis tests involving intervention programs to change children’s attitudes toward their peers with intellectual disabilities. Results revealed an overall significant effect (d = 0.44): following intervention programs, children’s attitudes toward their peers with intellectual disabilities increased. Moderators indicate that the most effective interventions were those that occurred over multiple sessions, involved active engagement in multiple strategies and social interactions, emphasized equal status contact that was unstructured or indirect, and had little adult guidance. Interventions had no effect on changing children’s perceptions of competence and participants in junior high had more negative attitudes following the interventions. Findings provide guidance for researchers, educators, and counselors who seek methodologies to reduce biases toward children with intellectual disabilities.  相似文献   

The carbon footprint of active sport participants     

《Sport Management Review》2019,22(4):513-526

Researchers examining carbon dioxide-equivalent emissions (carbon footprint) in sport have focused on sport events and, to a lesser extent, sport teams, but provided only average or aggregate values. The author takes the perspective of active sport participants and considers the heterogeneity of individual sport participation behavior. Using online surveys, adult active sport participants (n = 6537) in 20 different sports with main residence in Germany were asked to report their sport-travel behavior in 2015, including traveling in the context of regular (weekly) activity, sport competitions/tournaments, league games, day trips, and training camps/vacations. Annual carbon footprints were estimated using information about travel distances and transportation means. The results revealed an average annual carbon footprint of 844 kg of carbon dioxide-equivalent emissions, with individual sports producing more emissions than team/racket sports. Participants in nature sports had the highest emission levels. Regression analyses revealed that environmental consciousness significantly reduced carbon footprint in individual sports, but not in team/racket and nature sports, supporting the existence of an environmental value-action gap. Activity years, club membership, weekly exercise hours, performance level, and income were mainly positively associated with annual carbon footprint, while gender was insignificant. The findings have implications for policy makers and managers in sport associations and clubs.  相似文献   

创新网络与企业技术创新动态能力协同演进研究——基于系统动力学的分析_*     

王昌林 《科技管理研究》2018,(21)

本研究利用系统动力学方法,从知识流动的角度描述、量化、模拟企业创新网络与企业技术创新动态能力协同演进的过程。模型分析结果表明当前企业创新绩效取决于技术创新动态能力与创新网络协同演进路径：技术创新动态能力→创新网络构建与演化→外部知识内化→创新绩效→技术创新动态能力。在协同演进的过程中随着企业技术创新的发展,在创新绩效驱动三要素中,动态能力以及创新网络知识内化对创新绩效提升具有边际递增的效应,同时创新战略、产业政策平台和管理平台对企业技术创新都存在显著影响,但这种影响作用存在较大差异。  相似文献   

商业模式动态演化机制：基于互联网业的多案例内容分析          下载免费PDF全文

张新香  胡立君 《科研管理》2018,39(3):110-121

本文根基商业模式内涵，构建商业模式结构模型，依据发展历程收集5家代表案例企业时间序列新闻文献和数据资料，运用内容分析法结构化分析文献资料，提炼互联网业商业模式动态演化规律和演化路径。研究显示：互联网业商业模式中，价值定义、价值实现、价值创造与传递三大构件的主导地位依次更替，对应呈现出客户价值实现、企业价值实现和网络价值实现的纵向三阶段演化模型，三阶段模型在时间跨度和运营绩效上与企业生命周期的创业期、发展期和成熟期很好吻合，商业模式的三大构件同样呈现出动态演化特征。本研究试图打开商业模式的组成结构黑箱，将商业模式的设计理论从静态视角升级到动态层面，为互联网业的发展给出可行的实践参考。  相似文献   

面向生物合成的代谢工程策略设计          下载免费PDF全文

马红武  陈修来  袁倩倩  刘立明  孙际宾 《中国科学院院刊》2018,33(11):1166-1173

代谢工程研究的主要目的是通过改造菌株代谢网络,高效地合成目的产品。由于细胞代谢网络的复杂性,从数千个代谢反应及其调控回路中找到合适的改造靶点非常困难,往往要经过反复试差才能成功。通过对大规模代谢网络的计算分析,设计出特定生物产品的最优合成途径,可以帮助人们找出合适的代谢工程改造策略,减少改造过程的盲目性,更快更好地得到生物合成菌株。文章重点讨论两个问题:(1)如何设计代谢网络来合成原来不能合成的产品并提高产品得率,介绍了基于代谢网络计算分析的代谢工程设计方法;(2)如何设计菌株实现酶反应的精准调控,介绍了通过设计基因回路动态调控代谢途径流向的动态代谢工程研究新进展。  相似文献   

基于局域核心择优模型的B2B电商网络仿真研究     

李应  黄康  杨璇  武文颖 《科技管理研究》2019,39(18)

通过运用复杂网络对B2B电商网络进行建模仿真,发现B2B网络的运行规律,提出减少平台风险的措施。首先分析B2B电商网络的特征和演化动因,提出网络演化的动态规则、局域择优连接规则和自演化规则。接着基于演化规则,在BA模型的基础上,构建更契合于B2B电商网络的局域世界核心择优连接(Local world Core Preferred connection)演化模型。最后,采用NetLogo软件对LCP演化模型进行仿真实验。结果验证B2B电商网络具有无标度性,发现网络具有小世界性；以及网络对随机干扰具有较强的鲁棒性。  相似文献   

视力康复背景下体育锻炼与儿童动态视力关系研究及启示          下载免费PDF全文

潘景玲  蔡赓  殷荣宾  孙雷  王国祥 《体育科研》2019,(1):90-95

目的：探讨动态视力在不同类型体育项目间的发展特征，为体育锻炼改善视力的应用研究提供依据。方法：选取6~10岁无专门体育训练经历的在校学生和参加足球、乒乓球、跆拳道、空手道、游泳、体操等项目的俱乐部或体校学生，共603名。使用动态视力检测仪和标准对数视力灯箱测量动态视力和静态视力。计算动静比（动态视力/静态视力），并将其作为衡量动态视力发展水平的指标。结果：6~7岁是动态视力发展的敏感期（P＜0.05），8岁、10岁男性儿童的动静比高于女性儿童，且差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。校外体育练习组的动静比高于普通在校学生组（P＜0.05），开放性运动项目的动静比高于闭锁性运动项目（P＜0.05）。结论：参加体育锻炼对动态视力的发展有积极的影响，且不同运动项目的影响效果不同。  相似文献