How can experts help governments think?: inaugural lecture     

Glen O’Hara 《Journal of Cultural Economy》2019,12(1):1-20

Britain’s exit from the European Exchange Rate Mechanism in 1992 and the Second Iraq War in 2003 are two infamous examples of disastrous policy, but governments blunder all the time – whatever party is in power. Infrastructure projects overrun. The aims and techniques of different departments clash. Scandals erupt among officials and politicians. Controversies stymie attempts at agreement and consensus. But why exactly do these failures happen? Are they more or less widespread than in the private sector? And can studying British governments’ decision-making across the twentieth century improve it in the future? In his May 2018 inaugural lecture, Professor O'Hara recommended a slow, deliberative, transparent, democratic and above all humble and sensitive approach in order to avoid another Black Wednesday or ruinous war – an approach in contrast to the populist tone of much recent debate.  相似文献   

Patterns of exclusion of ethno-religious minorities: The ethno-religious hierarchy across European countries and social categories within these countries     

《Int J Intercult Relat》2021

In this contribution, we set out to rigorously test previous theoretical propositions that people tend to have consensual and cumulative rankings of exclusion of ethnic and religious outgroups, often referred to as ‘ethnic hierarchies’ constituting a shared and particular pattern of ranking different outgroups, preferably excluded from possible social interaction. Crucial questions are (1) to what extent are European natives’ levels of exclusion of Muslim, Jewish and Gypsy minority groups consensually and, moreover, hierarchically ranked? (2) to what extent is this pattern of exclusion comparable across representative samples of European countries and (3) to what extent is it comparable across relevant social categories within these countries? We take advantage of high quality cross-national European data asking representative samples of respondents whether they would not allow particular ethno-religious groups into their country, analyzed with probabilistic scalogram analysis. We found convincingly strong empirical evidence for the consensual and cumulative ranking of exclusion of typical ethno-religious outgroups: most Europeans wish to allow no Gypsies to come into their country, followed by Muslims and finally Jews as the least excluded ethno-religious outgroup. This rank order of outgroups’ exclusionism was found in 18 out of 20 different European countries. Notwithstanding differences in the level of exclusion across countries, citizens within these countries rank order these ethno-religious groups in a similar, comparable and cumulative way. Moreover, we presented evidence that this cumulative rank order is present within many different social categories within these countries. Our contribution may be one of the first to rigorously test heavily cited theoretical propositions on social and polemic representations.  相似文献   

中国科技服务业集聚及影响因素研究     

张清正 《科技管理研究》2016,(1)

科技服务业对科技创新有关键的支撑推动作用,是现代服务业的重要组成部分,是推动产业结构升级优化的关键产业。面对未来创新经济发展的要求,我国科技服务业在体制机制方面存在诸多不适应性。在分析我国科技服务业发展水平的基础上,利用1995—2012 年中国各省级行政区域科技服务业有关数据,通过空间基尼系数等,解析了中国科技服务业空间集聚发展态势,运用层次聚类分析法考察了我国科技服务业存在的区域非均衡性,阐述了中国科技服务业非均衡发展的深层原因,在借鉴国外发达国家经验基础上,认为对作为现代服务业发展新业态的科技服务业,分别从横向支撑体系、纵向支撑体系、结构支撑体系以及不同区域发展路径提出推进中国科技服务业发展的对策。  相似文献   

王世贞作《金瓶梅》新证     

霍现俊 《商丘师范学院学报》2001,17(5):28-30

《金瓶梅》的作者非王世贞莫属。根据有四：①“兰陵笑笑生”中的“兰陵”并非地名,而是运用藏词艺术手法隐含作者姓王,是一个孝子;②弄珠客《序》采用析字格手法,表明《金瓶梅》的创作主旨是嘲弄姓朱的皇帝;③王世贞的父亲王Yu被杀与嘉帝有直接关系,替父报仇是王世贞作《金瓶梅》的主要动机和根本目的;④作品中的明代三个真实人物是王世贞的暗示性符号。  相似文献   

听证笔录在行政复议中的法律效力初探     

刘飞 《唐山学院学报》2005,18(1):31-33

听证笔录的法律效力问题是听证制度的关键所在。听证笔录的一般效力决定其在行政复议中的法律效力。听证笔录在行政复议中的法律效力主要表现在三个方面:听证笔录应当提交复议机关;听证笔录本身在行政复议中具有证据效力;听证笔录所反映的证据若无异议可以在行政复议中直接被适用。为实现听证笔录在行政复议中的法律效力,应完善行政复议法等相关法律制度。  相似文献   

从检察院审讯全程录像谈刑事案件证据开示制度     

赵鸿新 《黑龙江教育学院学报》2006,25(5):68-69

今年我国各级检察机关将实行在讯问犯罪嫌疑人时全程同步录像。检察机关审讯方式的这一变化,规范了办案行为、有利于得到及时固定证据和收集证据、有利于法庭调查事实真相。我国刑诉法已经有一些律师了解有关证据的规定,但要推动我国刑事审判制度改革、保护当事人合法权利、提高司法效率,应建立中国特色的证据开示制度。  相似文献   

重塑我国物证鉴定体制之研究     

程宗璋 《通化师范学院学报》2001,22(1):37-42

设计物证鉴定体制模式，应遵循以下两个原则：必须保证鉴定活动的科学性、合法性和公正性的本质；必须满足司法实践的客观需要。我国要最终精神病峨证鉴定体制的良性运行，应选择双轨多元的物证鉴定体制及行政主办单位与行业主管单位相结合的双重监督体制。在鉴定机构的具体设置，应取消法院系统的物证鉴定机构，设立公安、检察系统内独立的鉴定机构；取消司法行政系统内的物证鉴定部门，设立民办的鉴定机构。  相似文献   

论非法证据排除规则     

张梦薇 《周口师范学院学报》2005,22(1):78-80

非法证据排除规则,是指非法证据是否予以否定或者什么样的非法证据应当予以排除的规则,是证据认定规则的组成部分.我国刑事诉讼法对非法证据排除规则虽然没有明确规定,但实际操作中的两难选择及学界对此热烈的讨论却促使了有关司法解释的出台.但这种尝试由于种种制度上及观念上的原因,所起的作用受到了很大限制.与世界政治领城的民主化进程相适应,确立非法证据排除规则,已成为迫在眉睫的问题.  相似文献   

“Did I mean what I said?” — A reply to McCormick     

David R. Olson 《Interchange》1993,24(3):313-315

In this note, I argue that the distinction between what one says and what one means by it is no more problematic (and no less) than the equally important distinction between evidence and theory. Both, I suggest, take a particular form in literate discourse.  相似文献   

关于刑事起诉证据标准的探讨     

马凌 《襄樊职业技术学院学报》2006,5(3):70-72

随着检察官办案制度的改革，制定刑事起诉证据标准显得十分的必要。从研究国内外证据制度出发，指出我国刑事诉讼法关于起诉证据标准规定的不足之处，提出了刑事起诉证据的两个原则标准和具体操作标准。  相似文献