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1.
This study examined the role of instruction for spelling performance and spelling consciousness in the Dutch language. Spelling consciousness is the ability to reflect on one's spelling and correct errors. A sample of 115 third-grade spellers was assigned to a strategy-instruction, strategic-monitoring, self-monitoring, or control condition representing different types of metacognitive aspects. The results showed that students in all three training conditions made more progress in both spelling performance and spelling consciousness than students in the control condition. With respect to spelling consciousness, only students in the strategy-instruction condition made significant improvement between pretest and posttest. Students made more progress in spelling performance on regular words than on loan words. Students in all four conditions became more accurate at assessing which words they could spell correctly. Students in the control condition more frequently overestimated their spelling ability.  相似文献   
2.
The present study aimed to investigate pre-sleep behaviours (including evening electronic device use) and sleep quantity in well-trained athletes. Seventy well-trained athletes (44 females, 26 males) aged 21 ± 4 y from a range of team and individual sports were asked to complete an online sleep diary for 7 days. The sleep diary included questions about pre-sleep behaviours (e.g. napping, caffeine intake), electronic device use in the 2 h prior to bedtime (e.g. type of device and duration of use) and sleep (e.g. time in bed, sleep onset latency). On average, athletes spent 8:20 ± 1:21 h in bed each night. Associations between age, time in bed and sleepiness suggested that younger athletes spent more time in bed (= -0.05, p = 0.001) but felt sleepier (r = -0.32, p < 0.01) than older athletes. On average, athletes mostly used electronic devices for 0–30 min prior to sleep. The use of multiple devices in the evening was associated with more perceived difficulty in falling asleep (= 0.22, p = 0.03), but no associations existed with other sleep variables. In summary, younger athletes may require later start times or improved sleep quality to resolve excessive sleepiness.  相似文献   
3.
ABSTRACT

The aim of this qualitative study is to evaluate the role of non-governmental organisations in disabilities services. The study group comprised of nine representatives of each of these NGOs. Data obtained by semi-structured interviews were analysed by using the content analysis method on RQDA qualitative data analysis software. Voice of disabled people is represented through non-profit organisations. In enhancing capacity for development, considering the scope of disability (physical, social barriers), societal attitudes, and religious factors’ impact on society attitudes on persons with disabilities that disabled people are sick and helpless and need to be looked after and medical models that consider disabled people as sick patients trying to recover seem to be important. Content analysis was done to evaluate service capacity of Profession NGOs for the disability. This research study revealed that Profession type of non-governmental organisations need awareness on disability. They need in-service training to understand practices for disabled people. Integration of self-help projects, networking mechanism are essential for the development. The method of Sensitivity Training which is one of the most emphasised organisational development techniques comes forward. Expression of this education with the concept of sensitivity comes from recognising and understanding the behaviour of individuals.  相似文献   
4.
ABSTRACT

The present study aimed to provide reference values for lower-limb muscle power assessed during the incremental jump squat (JS) test in elite athletes (i.e., professional athletes competing at international level). We pooled data from all JS tests performed by elite athletes of different sports in two high-performance centres between 2015 and 2019, and computed reference values (i.e., terciles) for mean power (MP), mean propulsive power (MPP), and peak power (PP). Reference values were obtained from 684 elite athletes (458 male and 226 female) of 16 different sports (boxing, judo, karate, fencing, taekwondo, wrestling, basketball, soccer, futsal, handball, rugby union, badminton, tennis, long distance running, triathlon, and sprinting). Significant differences (p < 0.001) were found between male and female athletes for MP (7.47 ± 1.93 and 6.15 ± 1.68 W·Kg?1, respectively), MPP (10.50 ± 2.75 and 8.63 ± 2.43 W·Kg?1), and PP (23.64 ± 6.12 and 19.35 ± 5.49 W·Kg?1). However, the velocity at which these power measures was attained seemed to be independent of sex (~0.95, 1.00 and 2.00 m·s?1 for mean, mean propulsive, and peak velocity, respectively) and homogeneous across different sport disciplines (coefficient of variation <10%). These data can be used to classify athletes’ power capabilities, and the optimum velocity ranges provided here could be useful for training purposes.  相似文献   
5.
目的:基于自行车运动员的训练负荷实证评价,探讨竞速运动项目训练负荷主观感知疲劳评价(session rating of perceived exertion,SRPE)的有效性,并证明训练因素[心率(HR)、训练压力分数(TSS)、训练刺激量(TRIMP)、代谢当量(MET)、能量消耗(EE)]与非训练因素(自感疲劳、压力等级、睡眠质量、肌肉酸痛、训练积极性)对训练负荷量(SRPETL)的影响作用。方法:10名优秀职业自行车运动员(均为男性),测试开始前1周均未进行过大强度运动。运用SRPE、心率计(Garmin佳明HRM-tri)、码表(Garmin佳明edge 200)、身心恢复测试量表等对42天的高原训练负荷进行测试。内部负荷采用SRPE-TL、ETRIMP、ETRIMP、%HRmax表示,外部负荷采用TSS、MET、EE表示。结果:平均每周的SRPE-TL为5 300±1 512 AU。训练单调性(TM)为2.22±0.81 AU,训练应激(TS)为12 766±1 334 AU。SRPE-TL与各测试指标之间具有显著相关性(r=0.58~0.81)。逐步多元回归分析结果表明ETRIMP、TSS、自感疲劳、肌肉酸痛和压力等级可以解释SRPE-TL 71.8%的变异程度(Y=453.12+2.99 ETRIMP+1.20 TSS-114.81自感疲劳-111.30肌肉酸痛+85.81压力等级)。结论:SRPE是评价竞速项目训练负荷的一种有效手段,并且SRPETL是一个全域性指标,且训练因素与非训练因素均对运动员感知疲劳有影响作用。  相似文献   
6.
多物料混合放热反应系统的设计与实现对化工、食品、医疗、冶金制药等行业具有一定的应用价值。反应器中涉及的温度、压力、液位、催化剂及抑制剂等变量直接关系着反应的转化程度及生产安全,因此对被控对象在进行工艺特性分析基础上设计了DCS控制系统,采用西门子PCS7软件与SMPT1000实验仿真设备探究系统可行性,并利用PCS7集成的WinCC完成监控画面组态。通过在半实物仿真实验装置上进行调试,系统满足了控制工艺要求并提高了控制精度。  相似文献   
7.
成果导向是芬兰学校体育质量监测依据的主要理念。芬兰学校体育质量监测机构与政府没有隶属关系,监测人员可分为报告质量、体育课程质量、体育教师质量、体育教学质量、体育设施质量6种监测类型;监测人员经过严格的选聘程序、分类化的专业培训之后,可以根据成果导向的学生体育学习监测框架,从省级、县级、区级3个不同层面开展监测工作,监测程序由政府进行认证与规范。成果导向的芬兰学校体育质量监测结构由早期、中期、后期、执法、突击与合并6种监测类型及其相应的指标和内容构成,各类型之间环环相扣、相互补充。通过借鉴芬兰经验,突出成果导向,有利于提升学校体育质量,强化我国学校体育督导的目标性与规范性,有助于优化与改善我国学校体育质量的现有督导结构及运行机制,使其更加关注学校体育成果细化和转化的导向,促使督导评估指标朝向可测化和具体化方向发展,进而更好地发挥督导成果在助力学校体育发展方面的各类功能。  相似文献   
8.
针对珠江-西江经济带,梧州-肇庆流域的水域地质环境及地下水监测野外工作现状,研制一套环境适应性强的地下水动态在线监测系统。系统主要由监测传感器装置、远程数据传输装置及终端平台组成。地下水监测系统中的供电部分采用太阳能发电方式,解决了偏远地区取电困难的问题,实现自动化、智能化供电。监测数据采用GPRS传输方式,将采集到的数据传到监测平台。野外试验表明系统运行状况良好,实现了自动化采集及远程传输,提高了工作效率。  相似文献   
9.
乔陆  范会勇 《林区教学》2020,(5):106-109
分析大学生心理弹性对睡眠质量的影响以及应对方式在心理弹性对睡眠质量的影响过程中产生的中介效应。采用问卷法分别对随机选取的206名在校大学生进行心理弹性、应对方式以及睡眠质量状况研究,结果发现,三个变量间两两的相关性极其显著,并且通过Process分析发现,应对方式在心理弹性与睡眠状况之间产生部分中介效应。  相似文献   
10.
目的:通过对篮球比赛与训练的Player LoadTM及IMA进行分析,探讨Player LoadTM、IMA在监控篮球训练与比赛负荷中的应用。方法:在专项能力提高期以及京津冀男子篮球对抗赛期间,利用Catapult Minimax S4对河北青年男子篮球10名运动员进行外负荷监控,采用Player LoadTM及IMA的计算模式对训练及比赛负荷进行分析。结果:(1)篮球比赛中,第二节运动负荷最高,第三节最低;中锋纵跳较多,可达1.33次/min、而外线球员水平面运动较多;全队加/减速比值为1.45:1、左/右变向比值为1.15:1。(2)一周训练中,周二与周五运动负荷较高;相较于教学比赛及普通训练课,正式比赛持续时间短、强度高、负荷量低;外线球员比内线球员平均每节训练课负荷强度高1.4、负荷量多150;结论:(1)Player LoadTM及IMA能够一定程度上反映篮球运动员实际完成的运动负荷。(2)在比赛时,外线球员在水平面的运动较多,中锋的垂直纵跳较多;各位置球员加/减速、左/右变向的比例出现较大的不均衡。(3)训练与比赛实际负荷特征有较大差异。  相似文献   
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