Rare-aware attention network for image–text matching     

《Information processing & management》2023,60(3):103280

Image and text matching bridges visual and textual modality differences and plays a considerable role in cross-modal retrieval. Much progress has been achieved through semantic representation and alignment. However, the distribution of multimedia data is severely unbalanced and contains many low-frequency occurrences, which are often ignored and cause performance degradation, i.e., the long-tail effect. In this work, we propose a novel rare-aware attention network (RAAN), which explores and exploits textual rare content for tackling the long-tail effect of image and text matching. Specifically, we first design a rare-aware mining module, which contains global prior information construction and rare fragment detector for modeling the characteristic of rare content. Then, the rare attention matching utilizes prior information as attention to guide the representation enhancement of rare content and introduces the rareness representation to strengthen the similarity calculation. Finally, we design prior information loss to optimize the model together with the triplet loss. We perform quantitative and qualitative experiments on two large-scale databases and achieve leading performance. In particular, we conduct 0-shot test for rare content and improve rSum by 21.0 and 41.5 on Flickr30K (155,000 image and text pairs) and MSCOCO (616,435 image and text pairs), demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed method for the long-tail effect.  相似文献   

Where are we now? A review of research on the history of women's soccer in Ireland     

Helena Byrne 《Sport in History》2019,39(2):166-186

ABSTRACT

It is a common fact that women's sport and leisure history, especially in male dominated spheres, and more specifically football, have been ignored by many academics. However, in recent years there have been major developments in digital technology that have changed the nature of the type of research that can be done. Access to tools to facilitate field research are relatively cheap and with the high volume of digitisation projects that have taken place over the last few years as well as the increasing number of born digital resources that have been published, there are new opportunities. In relation to women's soccer in Ireland, this paper asks the question – where are we now? The argument will review the current literature on this subject and outline potential approaches for future research.  相似文献   

不同负荷运动训练对大鼠骨骼肌线粒体三羧酸循环的影响及其机制研究     

李洁  杨静  赵丽丽 《武汉体育学院学报》2019,53(5):88-94

目的：探讨不同负荷运动训练对大鼠骨骼肌线粒体三羧酸循环的影响及其机制。方法：将雄性Wistar大鼠50只随机均分为5组：安静对照组（C）、低负荷运动训练组（LT）、中等负荷运动训练组（MT）、高负荷运动训练组（HT）和极高负荷运动训练组（ST），每组10只。各运动组分别进行6周的跑台运动训练。训练方案结束后，取腓肠肌样本，提取线粒体，测定线粒体柠檬酸合成酶（CS）、异柠檬酸脱氢酶（ICD）和α-酮戊二酸脱氢酶（α-KGDHC）活性；线粒体Ga²⁺含量、胞浆NADH、NAD⁺、ATP和ADP含量，以及ICD mRNA转录水平。结果：（1）不同负荷运动训练组线粒体CS、ICD和α-KGDHC的活性均显著高于安静对照组（P < 0.01），且CS和ICD活性由高到低顺序均为：MT组 > HT组 > ST组 > LT组 > C组，α-KGDHC活性由高到低顺序为：HT组 > MT组 > ST组 > LT组 > C组。（2）不同负荷运动训练组线粒体Ca²⁺ 含量均显著高于安静对照组（P < 0.01），其含量由高到低顺序为：MT组 > HT组 > ST组 > LT组 > C组；胞浆NADH/NAD⁺和ATP/ADP的比值均显著低于安静对照组（P < 0.01），其比值由低到高顺序为：MT组 < ST组 < HT组 < LT组 < C组。（3）不同负荷运动训练组ICD mRNA转录水平均高于安静对照组（P < 0.01），其水平由高到低顺序为： MT组 > HT组 > ST组 > LT组 > C组。结论：低负荷、中等负荷、高负荷及极高负荷运动训练均可提高大鼠骨骼肌线粒体三羧酸循环功能，且中等负荷运动训练效果最佳。其机制与胞浆NADH/NAD⁺和ATP/ADP比值、线粒体摄钙能力及限速酶基因的表达有关。  相似文献   

平行/重合D膜超势，Ooguri-Vafa不变量与类型II弦理论/F理论对偶     

蒋笑添  杨富中 《中国科学院大学学报》2019,36(5):590-597

利用类型Ⅱ弦理论/F理论对偶，第一次在平行和重合相区计算一个具体的双D膜系统的超势，并提取Ooguri-Vafa不变量。平行D膜相与重合D膜相间的相变也对应着D膜世界叶上规范理论规范对称性的提升U（1）×…×U（1）→U（n）。计算显示这两个相区的超势截然不同，并给出不同的Ooguri-Vafa不变量。这意味着相变的发生导致两个相区能谱结构的差异。  相似文献   

Game-Based Learning in Virtual Worlds: A Multiuser Online Game for Medical Undergraduate Radiology Education within Second Life     

Rocio Lorenzo-Alvarez  Teodoro Rudolphi-Solero  Miguel J. Ruiz-Gomez  Francisco Sendra-Portero 《Anatomical sciences education》2020,13(5):602-617

Game-based learning can have a positive impact on medical education, and virtual worlds have great potential for supporting immersive online games. It is necessary to reinforce current medical students' knowledge about radiological anatomy and radiological signs. To meet this need, the objectives of this study were: to design a competition-based game in the virtual world, Second Life and to analyze the students' perceptions of Second Life and the game, as well as to analyze the medium-term retention of knowledge and the potential impact on the final grades. Ninety out of 197 (45.6%) third-year medical students voluntarily participated in an online game based on self-guided presentations and multiple-choice tests over six 6-day stages. Participants and non-participants were invited to perform an evaluation questionnaire about the experience and a post-exposure knowledge test. Participants rated the experience with mean scores equal to or higher than 8.1 on a 10-point scale, highlighting the professor (9.5 ± 1.1; mean ± SD) and the virtual environment (8.9 ± 1.1). Participants had better results in the post-exposure test than non-participants (59.0 ± 13.5 versus 45.3 ± 11.5; P < 0.001) and a lower percentage of answers left blank (6.7 ± 8.4 versus 13.1 ± 12.9; P = 0.014). Competitive game-based learning within Second Life is an effective and well-accepted means of teaching core radiological anatomy and radiological signs content to medical students. The higher medium-term outcomes obtained by participants may indicate effective learning with the game. Additionally, valuable positive perceptions about the game, the educational contents, and the potential benefit for their education were discovered among non-participants.  相似文献   

Knowledge-guided multi-granularity GCN for ABSA     

《Information processing & management》2023,60(2):103223

Aspect-based sentiment analysis aims to determine sentiment polarities toward specific aspect terms within the same sentence or document. Most recent studies adopted attention-based neural network models to implicitly connect aspect terms with context words. However, these studies were limited by insufficient interaction between aspect terms and opinion words, leading to poor performance on robustness test sets. In addition, we have found that robustness test sets create new sentences that interfere with the original information of a sentence, which often makes the text too long and leads to the problem of long-distance dependence. Simultaneously, these new sentences produce more non-target aspect terms, misleading the model because of the lack of relevant knowledge guidance. This study proposes a knowledge guided multi-granularity graph convolutional neural network (KMGCN) to solve these problems. The multi-granularity attention mechanism is designed to enhance the interaction between aspect terms and opinion words. To address the long-distance dependence, KMGCN uses a graph convolutional network that relies on a semantic map based on fine-tuning pre-trained models. In particular, KMGCN uses a mask mechanism guided by conceptual knowledge to encounter more aspect terms (including target and non-target aspect terms). Experiments are conducted on 12 SemEval-2014 variant benchmarking datasets, and the results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed framework.  相似文献   

Press Credentials and Hybrid Boundary Zones: The Case of WorldNetDaily and the Standing Committee of Correspondents     

Jordan M. Foley 《Journalism Practice》2020,14(8):933-953

ABSTRACT

Press credentialing practices are a vital, yet understudied site of scholarly research on journalistic norms and practices. Press credentialing not only structures internal professional hierarchies, but they also signify the boundaries of the journalistic field itself. This paper explores the legal and theoretical implications of press credentialing to cover the United States Congress, drawing on the concepts of boundary work and journalistic authority to demonstrate the material impact of the space between fields on professional legitimation in journalism. Using WorldNetDaily (WND) as a case study, I argue that the Standing Committee of Correspondents (SCC) occupies a hybrid boundary zone between the journalistic and political fields, generating a unique tension in First Amendment jurisprudence that places journalists in a paradoxical role as both the professional embodiments of free speech and its constitutional steward. The resulting jurisdictional conflict between the SCC and WND extends the relational model of journalistic authority by articulating how journalist-state relations can fundamentally augment the process of legitimation at its fuzzy boundaries. The relevance and implications for press credentialing practices in the digital age are discussed.  相似文献   

Online visibility of software-related web sites: The case of biomedical text mining tools     

Gael Pérez-Rodríguez  Martín Pérez-Pérez  Florentino Fdez-Riverola  Anália Lourenço 《Information processing & management》2019,56(3):565-583

  相似文献   

Conversations about death with those who experience it the most     

Trevor Kauer  Maureen Keeley 《Qualitative Research Reports in Communication》2019,20(1):84-91

Using Communication Privacy Management (CPM), this study analyzed Emergency Healthcare Providers (EHP; i.e., Emergency Room Nurses, Paramedics, Emergency Medical Technicians, etc.) frequent experience of witnessing death, the dying processes, and regular involvement at the end-of-life. Twenty interviews from across the United States offered accounts of witnessing the death of a patient, communicating with the patient’s families, coworkers, and personal networks. The first research question explored the population’s normalization of death and changed outlook of dying. This population sees death and dying in real-time and must disconnect at the moment from their emotions to do their jobs. The second research question focused on preparing patient families for death, coping with coworkers, and protecting personal networks. In communicating with patient families, EHP educates/answers questions, advocate for families to be present during life-saving procedures and offer verbal and nonverbal comfort. In talking with coworkers, EHP copes with reassuring skill competency and offering emotional social support. Lastly, in communicating with their networks, EHP struggle with discussing emotions and event details in a protective function. From these results, the benefits, and challenges of communicating about death regularly are offered through a CPM lens, and recommendations to help the general population deal with death are given.  相似文献   

Mapping migrant vernacular discourses: Mestiza consciousness,nomad thought,and Latina/o/x migrant movement politics in the United States     

Michael Lechuga 《Journal of International and Intercultural Communication》2020,13(3):257-273

ABSTRACT

This essay reads the Latina/o/x migrant vernacular discourses that emerge out of pro-migrant activism. Anzaldúa’s notion of mestizaje – a logic of border consciousness – is put into conversation with Deleuze’s notion of nomad thought – a logic of movement – to inform a rhetorical strategy for reading the vernacular archive of social movement discourse. The “No Papers, No Fear” is one such social movement that demonstrate the logic of mestizaje/nomadism in their communication strategies. This study illuminates three tensions that define the ways Latina/o/x migrants in the US navigate the spaces of citizenship: tensions between movement/stasis, migrant identity/national identity, and fear/safety.  相似文献