“健康中国2030”背景下全民健身与全民健康深度融合发展的基本态势及发展策略     

白杨  王家宏 《武汉体育学院学报》2021,54(11):41-49

运用文献资料法对"健康中国2030"背景下全民健身与全民健康深度融合发展的基本态势进行梳理，剖析深度融合的薄弱环节及解决路径。全民健身与全民健康进行深度融合的发展趋势及态势集中体现在习近平总书记关于全民健身以及全民健康的一系列重要讲话、国家政策支撑、发展成果、成果转化与应用四个方面。深度融合存在协同体制机制障碍、法律法规缺失或不完善、供需矛盾协调障碍、交叉领域专业人才不足等薄弱环节。研究建议：需从部门融合和联合设置工作小组、部门和地方政策法规融合及保持延续性、资源融合与供需两端改革、专业融合和人才融合等四条路径进行改革，全方位推进全民健身与全民健康的深度融合发展。  相似文献   

Students’ achievement goals and beliefs of causes of success: Temporal relations and gender differences     

《Contemporary educational psychology》2021

According to the goal orientation model, students’ achievement goals and beliefs are interrelated. Within this framework, research and theory have so far assumed that achievement goals are associated with students’ beliefs of causes of success, the latter representing students’ subjective beliefs about the factors contributing to success at school. So far, this line of research has been restricted to a few cross-sectional studies. We examined the temporal relations between achievement goals (mastery, performance-approach, and performance-avoidance goals) and students’ beliefs of causes of success, the latter operationalized by asking the students to rate the subjective importance of diligence, effort, and ability for school success. Achievement goals and beliefs of causes of success were measured twice with a time lag of one school year with a sample of N = 2044 German secondary school students. Cross-lagged panel models were estimated to examine the temporal relations between achievement goals and beliefs of causes of success while controlling for students’ secondary school track, socio-economic status, and Grade Point Average. Former mastery goals were found to be positively related to later importance ratings of diligence for school success; former performance-approach goals were found to be positively related to later importance ratings of ability. Boys and girls were found to display similar relations among constructs but they showed differential mean levels on both the achievement goal constructs and the beliefs of causes of success. Implications for research on achievement goals and practice using intervention approaches are discussed.  相似文献   

Covid-19: Emerging Considerations for Body Sourcing and Handling. A Perspective View from Nigeria     

Izuchukwu Azuka Okafor  Terkuma Chia 《Anatomical sciences education》2021,14(2):154-162

The current Coronavirus disease (Covid-19) pandemic has spread to about 220 countries of the world and has resulted in a significant number of deaths globally. Infections are still on the rise, and the impact on the global death rate could be devastating. There are fears over the likely impact of a large number of deaths on body sourcing and handling of cadavers for teaching and research. Historically, epidemics come with several challenges and have often led to some level of negligence of ethical practices and health and safety regulations associated with body sourcing and handling. The authors highlighted some emerging problems in this article, focusing on Africa and Nigeria in particular. These problems include a higher risk of coronavirus exposure for body handlers, shortage of cadavers for teaching and learning, a lack of standard regulations leading to unethical body sourcing and handling, and a lack of monitoring and collaboration needed for a well-coordinated Covid-19 pandemic response strategy. If these issues are ignored, the previous gains made in anatomical ethical practices may be destroyed. Some useful recommendations for policymaking geared toward prevention or curtailing these emerging issues have been instilled in this article.  相似文献   

The Unintentional Effects on Body Donation Programs of a Competency-Based Curriculum in Postgraduate Medical Education     

Geoffroy P.J.C. Noël  Joseph Dubé  Gabriel Venne 《Anatomical sciences education》2021,14(5):675-681

As medical programs place increasing importance on competency-based training and surgical simulations for residents, anatomy laboratories, and body donation programs find themselves in a position of adapting to changing demands. To better assess the demand for “life-like” cadaveric specimens and evaluate the possible impacts that competency-based medical education could have upon the body donation program of McGill University, Canada, the authors tracked, over the course of the last 10 years, the number of soft-embalmed specimens, along with the number of teaching sessions and the residents enrolled in competency-based programs that are using cadaveric material. The results reveal that the number of soft-embalmed specimens used within residency training increased from 5 in 2009 to 35 in 2019, representing an increase from 6% of bodies to 36.5% of the total number of body donors embalmed in this institution. Correspondingly, the number of annual teaching sessions for residents increased from 19 in 2012 to 116 in 2019. These increases in teaching are correlated with increasing number of residents enrolled in competency-based programs over the last 3 years (Pearson r ranging from 0.9705 to 0.9903, and R² ranging from 0.9418 to 0.9808). Those results suggest that the new skill-centered curricula which require residents to perform specific tasks within realistic settings, exhibit a growing demand for “life-like” cadaveric specimens. Institutions’ body donation programs must, therefore, adapt to those greater need for cadaveric specimens, which presents many challenges, ranging from the logistical to the ethical.  相似文献   

灰色预测法在情报研究中的应用研究综述     

张晶晶  李泽霞 《图书情报工作》2021,64(24):106-114

[目的/意义] 灰色预测法可有效处理情报研究中广泛存在的小样本数据，通过对灰色预测法在情报研究中的应用情况进行梳理，总结其在应用过程中存在的不足，为灰色预测法在情报研究中的进一步应用提供参考。[方法/过程] 通过综述情报研究中涉及灰色预测法的相关文献，从数据选取、模型构建和解决的问题等方面对情报研究中灰色预测法的应用进行概述，总结当前情报研究中灰色预测法的应用所存在的问题，并提出改进建议。[结果/结论] 在方法应用上，已有研究主要采用数列灰预测，且模型集中在单变量灰色预测模型，根据预测对象不同，灰色预测法已经在包括期刊分析、图书馆运行管理、热点主题分析及科研机构评价方面得到了很好的应用，未来可根据预测对象特点及研究目标尝试不同的灰色预测方法，扩宽灰色预测法在其他方面的情报研究问题中的应用。  相似文献   

Caste-class association and school participation in Uttar Pradesh,India: Evidence from NSSO data     

《International Journal of Educational Development》2020

This study examines the impact of the caste-class association on enrolment in elementary education in Uttar Pradesh (UP), the largest state of India. Using data from the 71st round of NSSO, with the help of a probit model, it is found that class has a stronger impact on the enrolment ratio than caste in UP. There is a strong and direct association between caste and class at the extremes of the caste system. The association between upper-caste and upper-class significantly augments the enrolment ratio, while the association between lower caste and lower class adversely affects it. However, the cross-associations at the higher side of class, i.e., lower caste with the upper class significantly augments enrolment but the association between lower class with upper-caste is found to be adversely affecting the enrolment, though some of the interaction terms are insignificant statistically. This also ensures the dominance of class effect. This pattern is observed in the case of both rural and urban UP across genders.  相似文献   

地方足球协会软法治理模式、困境与对策研究——基于苏、浙、沪三省市调查的实证分析     

白杨  王家宏 《武汉体育学院学报》2020,54(11):41-48

运用文献研究法、饱和经验法、典型案例分析法对苏、浙、沪三省市地方足球协会进行实证研究，依据软法制定主体和实施主体的不同，提炼概括了当前地方足球协会的两种软法治理模式，即省级层面地方足球协会"政府主导型"软法治理模式和市级层面地方足球协会"多维互动型"软法治理模式，并对这两种模式的特征进行比较分析。继而归纳了当前地方足球协会软法治理"程序缺失、责任制度不规范、承诺滞后和权利救济缺失"的四个困境，从"内部法人治理结构、相关主体法治观念、软法的程序、监督问责机制"四个方面阐释了产生软法治理困境的原因，最后提出四项地方足协软法治理的对策建议。  相似文献   

论体育参与对高职学生就业能力的促进作用     

沈竹雅 《体育科技文献通报》2020,(2):33-33,47

在对高职学生就业能力的内涵进行简要阐述的基础上,重点论述体育参与对高职学生就业能力的促进作用:体育参与有利于提升高职学生的职业身体素质,有利于提升高职学生的应聘抗挫能力,有利于培养高职学生的团结协作能力。最后,就如何激发高职学生的体育参与积极性简要提出若干建议。  相似文献   

习惯行为、执行意向与青少年身体活动意向与行为:基于计划行为理论的扩展模型     

王丽娟  郑丹蘅 《上海体育学院学报》2020,(2):22-32

在计划行为理论(TPB)的基础上,引入身体活动习惯行为与执行意向,构建扩展TPB(METPB)模型,检验该模型对9~19岁青少年群体的中高强度身体活动(MVPA)的适用性,探讨该模型对小学、初中及高中阶段青少年MVPA影响的差异。结果显示:假设模型的拟合度可以接受,纳入习惯行为与执行意向后,METPB显著地提高了其对身体活动行为的解释力。态度和感知行为控制对MVPA行为意向有显著性影响,解释了31.4%的行为意向方差;行为意向和习惯行为对MVPA行为有显著性影响,解释了18.7%的行为方差;执行意向加强了行为意向朝实际行为的转换。METPB模型对于不同学习阶段青少年MVPA意向及行为的影响有显著性差异。其中:主观规范对小学生与初中生MVPA意向产生了显著性影响,而对高中生的MVPA意向并无显著性影响;感知行为控制对3个阶段学生的MVPA意向产生的影响随着学习阶段的上升不断增强。建议:在对于青少年身体活动的干预中,政府、家庭、学校应重视培养学生对于身体活动参与的正确态度,提高其参与身体活动的意愿,培养其参与身体活动的行为习惯,且在对青少年身体活动干预时考虑学习阶段的差异。  相似文献   

体育文化交流对中美关系改善的作用及启示——基于中美建交40年的历史考察     

肖焕禹  倪京帅 《武汉体育学院学报》2019,53(10):12-18

运用文献资料等研究方法，基于"契机-轨迹"理论，对中美建交40年来体育文化交流情况进行了回顾和梳理，分析了外交政策导向下中美体育文化交流"契机"的形成和"轨迹"的发展，解读中美建交的历史背景和体育文化交流的特征与价值。认为：在"和平与发展""构建开放合作和谐社会""新时代构建新型国际关系"外交政策的影响下，中美体育文化交流具有体育文化财富的共享性、体育竞技的对等性、体育文化交流的公共性特征；中美体育文化交流促进中美建交，促进中美和平发展；改变世界格局，获得话语权；树立国家形象，展示大国责任；深化体育改革，促进社会发展。  相似文献