Component skills that underpin listening comprehension and reading comprehension in learners with English as first and additional language     

Selma Babayiğit  Laura Shapiro 《Journal of Research in Reading》2020,43(1):78-97

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Modelling Quoting in Newswriting: A Framework for Studies on the Production of News     

Lauri Haapanen 《Journalism Practice》2020,14(3):374-394

ABSTRACT

The Mediated Social Communication (MSC) approach considers mass media a venue for opposing and complementary societal groups to publicly negotiate socially relevant topics. This negotiation is conducted through representatives of these groups and mediated by journalists. Inspired by the MSC approach, this paper presents an empirically grounded model that structures the mediating process through the process of quoting. By identifying the key phases of newswriting as sub-processes of quoting, the paper argues that journalists (1) decide on a topical issue to be addressed (topicalisation), (2) identify groups of people who are linked to this issue (societal localisation), (3) pick some people as representatives of these societal groups (personalisation), and (4) verbalise these people's points of view, often by means of quoting, inter alia (verbalisation). The four-phase model is then operationalised into a data collection method that facilitates access to and fosters new insights into the subtle dynamics of newswriting. Hitherto, these dynamics have often remained obscure, because the craft ethos is adopted as tacit knowledge through implicit socialisation and is therefore difficult for journalists to verbalise. The paper concludes by calling for reconsideration of journalists’ role as gatekeepers who decide which issues and voices are heard in public discourse.  相似文献   

Configuring collective digital-technology usage in dynamic and complex design practices     

《Research Policy》2019,48(8):103696

Digital-technology usage in dynamic and complex work practices is a core phenomenon in innovation research. There are, however, few detailed analyses of how people organize the use of digital tools in their work practices. We aim to offer more insight into how individual actors use digital technology, how these actors organize its use in collectives, and how they organize their work with that of other actors in order to realize collective-level goals. We implemented a qualitative research design, based on interviews in architectural firms complemented with observations and archival data. By analyzing interactions of multiple individual actors with digital technology, we found that actors organize usage in collectives through activities that we call configuring-in-use and reflecting; and that they combine these two organizational activities in order to realize collective-level goals. We identify the combination of these organizational activities as configurational usage. We contribute to literature on the usage of pervasive digital technology by providing a detailed empirical investigation of organized usage of digital technology. Furthermore, we refine the conceptualization of configurational usage, improving understanding of core processes of digital innovation.  相似文献   

‘Policy embodiment’: Alternative certification and Teach For America teachers in traditional public schools     

《Teaching and Teacher Education》2018

A vociferous policy debate concerning Teach For America (TFA) and alternative certification programs can be heard in many countries where ‘Teach For … ’ initiatives are found. Yet limited scholarship has examined how TFA teachers must negotiate negative reactions from non-TFA teachers. Drawing on interview data with 27 TFA teachers in public schools in the Midwestern United States, this article uses a sociocultural policy analysis framework to explore how these teachers are positioned as embodiments of alternative certification policy and the larger organization, TFA. It further articulates the broad conceptual application of educational ‘policy embodiment’ beyond the TFA case study.  相似文献   

Reconsidering the use of video clubs for student-teachers' learning during field placement: Lessons drawn from a longitudinal multiple case study     

《Teaching and Teacher Education》2018

Although video clubs have been used to support (student) teachers' learning through reflection upon practice, less attention has been paid to their potential use for supporting changes in participants' practice over a period of time. Prior work has also largely treated (student) teachers as an undifferentiated whole that benefits in similar ways from video clubs. In this study, we problematize this assumption by drawing on three cases of student teachers to exemplify three different learning paths while participating in a video club during field placement. Reflecting on these findings, we discuss implications for differentiating the video-club approach to address different student teachers.  相似文献   

Observer-based decentralized control of large-scale stochastic high-order feedforward systems with multi time delays     

Liang Liu  Shengyuan Xu  Xue-Jun Xie  Bing Xiao 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2019,356(16):9627-9645

This paper investigates the problem of observer-based decentralized control for a class of large-scale stochastic high-order feedforward systems with multi time delays. By using the homogeneous domination idea and constructing the implementable observer, the decentralized output-feedback controller design scheme is firstly proposed. Then, with the aid of stochastic time delay system stability theory, the globally asymptotically stable in probability of the closed-loop system is verified by selecting an appropriate Lyapunov–Krasoviskii functional. Finally, an example is provided to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed design method.  相似文献   

Assessing volunteer satisfaction at the London Olympic Games and its impact on future volunteer behaviour     

Minhong Kim  Steven Suk-Kyu Kim  May Kim  James J. Zhang 《Sport in Society》2019,22(11):1864-1881

Abstract

In recent years, volunteering has received strong research attention from both scholars and practitioners. For the most part, involvement in volunteer activities has been identified as an important determinant of future volunteering. Through revalidating an existing instrument, the purpose of this study was to assess the dimensions of volunteer satisfaction at the 2012 London Olympic Games and its impact on future volunteer behaviour. The findings of this study shed light on the identification of volunteer satisfaction factors in the mega sporting event setting, particularly for a unique type of volunteer (i.e. media worker) assigned to a special set of tasks. Unlike Galindo-Kuhn and Guzley’s results that revealed participation efficacy and group integration to be strong predictors of volunteer satisfaction, organizational support was the primary predictor for media centre volunteers’ re-participation intention towards future volunteering programmes.  相似文献   

科技评估DIIS方法   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

潘教峰  杨国梁  刘慧晖 《中国科学院院刊》2018,33(1):68-75

科技评估在科技管理中发挥着重要的作用,从智库角度而言,其不仅是智库研究的重要任务,而且是智库研究质量的重要保障。然而,现有科技评估方法通常作用于评估问题的局部,缺少从辩证法及系统论角度对科技评估全过程方法体系的思考与认知。为此,文章将潘教峰提出的解决智库研究一般问题的DIIS理论方法运用于科技评估,据此提出科技评估DIIS方法,进而从DIIS视角出发将科技评估在科技决策咨询中的作用界定为六大功能:证据形成功能、衡量比较功能、诊断分析功能、前瞻预测功能、价值导向与判断功能和质量控制功能。最后以机构评估、项目评估、政策评估和研究质量评估为例,分析科技评估DIIS方法的实践应用,以期为我国科技评估实践提供一种方法指引与支撑。  相似文献   

医药制造产业技术路线图框架构建研究     

贾晓峰  陈娟  唐小利 《科技管理研究》2018,(11)

综述产业技术路线图一般性方法框架,对应研究医药制造产业的技术流动特点,综合构建医药制造产业技术路线图框架。医药制造产业技术路线图框架由跨度为25~40年、以3~5年为间隔的时间横轴和包括市场需求层、上市产品层、临床试验层和基础研发积累层在内的4层级纵向结构构成。  相似文献   

Synergetic governing controller design for the hydraulic turbine governing system with complex conduit system     

Jianzhong Zhou  Yuncheng Zhang  Yang Zheng  Yanhe Xu 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2018,355(10):4131-4146

The hydraulic turbine governing system plays an indispensable role in maintaining the stability of electrical power system. In this paper, synergetic control theory is introduced to enhance the regulating ability of the hydraulic turbine governing system. For the purpose of describing the characteristics of objective system and deducing the synergetic control rule, a nonlinear mathematic model of a hydraulic turbine governing system with long tail race and two surge tanks is established. Furthermore, the nonlinear characteristic of the hydraulic turbine is described by six variable partial derivatives. For further investigation, the hydraulic turbine governing system is conducted to running under load condition when its coaxial generator connects to an infinite bus. Simulation experiments have been made under both load disturbance and three-phase short circuit fault conditions to compare the dynamic performances of proposed synergetic governing controller and classic PID controller. The results indicate that the proposed synergetic governing controller is an effective alternative in normal condition and a superior one in emergency. Moreover, the robustness of synergetic governing controller has also been discussed at the end of this paper.  相似文献