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1.
《中华人民共和国食品安全法》的修订和国务院机构改革,进一步理顺了食品安全监管关系,明确了食品安全面临的监管问题,从多方面、深层次强化了我国的食品安全监管制度,但层出不穷的食品安全事件表明,食品安全制度和监管层面的改革在广度和深度上仍有欠缺,体制机制依旧存在障碍并且亟待破除。食品安全法律规制不仅应通过立法技术填补法律漏洞、协调监管冲突,还应运用食品安全规制技术进行风险评估模式的革新,推动构建食品安全规制主体的多元化协同治理体制。  相似文献   
2.
电子竞技及相关产业的高速发展及其不同于传统体育/竞技项目的性质和特征,促使政府主体重新寻找与之相匹配的身份定位与政策路径。以4层结构为主体、以“举办和参与”为表现形式的举国体制,虽然在竞技体育场域中富有成效,但在职业体育场域中效果不理想,在电子竞技场域中则更加难以适用。对此,政府主体应将电子竞技场域的管理体制转换为“监管和服务”:在监管层面,应以包容审慎监管为原则,以法律规范的形式为之设定标准、规则和界限并加以监督,对赛事审批、监管措施、经营管理等事项加以改进和优化;在服务层面,则应以创新服务方式为目标,将服务融入监管过程中,并在信息、技术、规则制定、知识产权保障等方面主动提供全方位的服务。  相似文献   
3.
ABSTRACT

Adaptive regulation of emotions is imperative for successful sport performance. However, the lion’s share of mainstream emotion regulation (ER) literature is founded on perspectives prioritising mental health, not performance. Consequently, ER strategies are predominantly classified as adaptive or maladaptive based on effectiveness in achieving targeted mental health outcomes. These conventional mental health classifications can catalyse misapplication of ER strategies within sport and other motor performance contexts when (1) ER motives are instrumentally directed towards performance enhancement and (2) Minimal consideration is given to the consequences of ER on the coordination and execution of motor actions. Herein, we review the current state of relevant ER research within and outside of sport contexts. We also present a novel conceptual framework, the Temporal Influence Model of Emotion Regulation (TIMER). TIMER proposes that ER strategies exert distinct, temporally dependent demands upon perceptual-cognitive and motoric resources. These unique regulatory profiles influence subsequent motor performance outcomes. Critically, the degree to which regulatory strategies are appropriate or ideal varies given environmental constraints along with performers’ affective and performance goals. The model includes testable hypotheses to guide theoretical and applied research in the domain of ER within sport and other motor performance contexts.  相似文献   
4.
摘要:目的:对绝经后女性进行为期3个月的全身振动训练,观察其对绝经后女性体成分的影响,分析肌肉生长抑素(myostain, MSTN)基因rs7570532位点多态性对振动训练干预体成分效果的影响,并探讨其分子调控机制。方法:从社区招募60名汉族健康绝经后女性(58.87±4.70岁),对其进行为期3个月的全身振动训练,分别在振动训练干预前、后测试受试者的身高、体重、体重指数(body mass index, BMI)以及体成分,体成分的测试采用Prodigy Lunar双能X线骨密度仪,测试指标包括全身脂肪百分比(Percentage of fat mass, FM%)、全身脂肪含量(fat mass, FM)和全身瘦体重含量(lean mass, LM)。采用飞行质谱法对MSTN基因rs7570532多态位点进行基因分型;采用荧光素酶报告系统检测不同基因型重组质粒报告基因的相对活性。结果:绝经后女性经过3个月的全身振动训练,其体重、BMI、FM%和FM均显著下降,LM无显著变化。受试者基因分型结果显示,34人为TT型,19人为TC型,仅有2人为CC型,受试者基因型频率符合H-W遗传平衡定律。经过3个月的全身振动训练,TT型受试者的FM%显著下降(36.4±5.4, 35.2±5.0, P<0.01),FM显著下降(22.6±5.5, 21.7±5.3, P<0.01),LM显著上升(36.8±3.6, 37.2±3.9, P<0.05);TC+CC型受试者的体重和体成分各指标均无显著变化。在控制干预前受试者各项指标的基础值后,TT型和TC+CC型受试者之间FM%和LM具有显著差异,FM的差异性消失。pGL3-promoter-MSTN-T重组质粒报告基因的相对活性(3.30±1.121)显著高于pGL3-promoter-MSTN-C(1.76±0.92, p<0.01),且2者均显著高于空质粒对照组(0.81±0.17, p<0.01)。结论:1)3个月的全身振动训练可显著改善绝经后女性的体重和体成分;2)MSTN基因rs7570532位点多态性显著影响振动训练干预体成分的效果;3)且此位点多态性可显著影响下游基因的表达活性,其可能是振动训练改善体成分效果个体差异的原因之一。  相似文献   
5.
6.
ABSTRACT

This comparative case study adopts a process implementation perspective on neoliberal regulation to explore developments in national curricula and standard-based reforms in the USA and Australia. Date sources include research reports, books, OECD data, and local survey data. The comparison of the dynamic of two countries reveals that whereas policymakers in the USA adopted a transforming regulatory strategy (targeting the ambiguity and conflict levels in local policy) to implement, Australian policymakers adopted a congruence regulatory strategy (ratifying ambiguity and conflict levels). As a result of this dynamic, the education system in the USA displays a relatively tighter structure, which is related to the tighter professional teaching culture. The analysis suggests that the effect of global ideas and policies adopted locally depends on policymakers’ regulatory strategy, and that local system change drastically only when policymakers adopt the neoliberal default preference for active transformative implementation. Hence, a specific implementation dynamic is a key factor in the global neoliberal agenda, and its presence or absence indicates convergence or divergence between countries adopting similar policies.  相似文献   
7.
This study investigates when and how students activate co- and socially shared emotion and motivation regulation in collaborative learning and whether the S-REG mobile application tool can support this regulation. In a mathematics course, 44 higher education students worked with a collaborative assignment. The S-REG tool traced groups' emotional and motivational states in different sessions, and the occurrence of co-regulation and shared regulation of motivation and emotions were coded from video-recorded collaborative work (44 h). The groups activated more co-regulation than shared regulation of emotions and motivation, but the shared-regulation episodes were longer-lasting. The groups’ emotional and motivational states were associated with the occurrence of co-regulation in the beginning of the learning sessions. The results suggest that the S-REG tool balanced collaboration by prompting the groups to regulate emotions and motivation right in the beginning of the motivationally and emotionally challenging learning sessions.  相似文献   
8.
In recent years, most studies on flipped classrooms or flipped learning have focused on learners’ motivation, academic achievement and teachers’ and students’ perceptions of the flipped classroom. Little research has involved interactions in the flipped classroom. This study aims to show that in-class collaborative learning in the flipped classroom can not only be conceived as a collective activity consisting of discrete actions, but also as a systematic activity. From the activity-theoretical perspective, contradictions were found between components of an activity such as subject, tools, rules, community, division of labor, object and outcome. This study conducted a pre-experiment, selecting one lesson of the seventh-grade Information Technology Course as the learning content, conducted in a flipped classroom. Three triads with different compositions were specifically observed by recording their interactions. More second-level contradictions existed between subject and tools, and division of labor within the low-level triad than within the other two triads, and more first-level contradictions also occurred within the low-level triad than within the other two triads. Most second-level contradictions within the high-level triad were resolved by self-regulation of cognition. Instead, most second-level contradictions within the mixed-level triad were overcome by co-regulation or shared regulation of cognition. This study sheds light on how to effectively design and implement flipped learning, and provides a new approach for analyzing interactions in the classroom.  相似文献   
9.
随着近几年社会经济的迅速发展,人们的生活水平也有了显著的提高,在日常生活和生产过程中都会增加对电力的需求量,为了确保社会经济稳定健康发展,要注重电力系统在安全方面的决定性作用。为此,要想给社会生产带来更大的保障,就要加强改善电力系统。文章主要分析了变频调速技术在实际电机拖动中的应用,以期在降低能耗的同时,合理运用电机拖动中变频调速的技术。  相似文献   
10.
For regulation of text learning to be effective, students need to accurately monitor their text comprehension. Similarly, to provide adaptive instruction, teachers need to accurately monitor and regulate students’ text comprehension. Performing generative activities prior to monitoring has been suggested to provide students with diagnostic cues, improving monitoring accuracy; an open question is whether this would also help teachers. We investigated whether two generative activities, diagram completion and diagram drawing, improved secondary education students’ (n = 248) monitoring and regulation accuracy of text comprehension (Experiment 1) and whether viewing students’ diagrams improved teachers’ (N = 18) monitoring and regulation of students’ text comprehension (Experiment 2). Students’ monitoring and teachers’ regulation accuracy was higher in the diagramming conditions than in the no-diagramming condition. Students and teachers used diagnostic cues when judging students’ text comprehension: Improving students’ monitoring and teachers’ regulation of students’ text comprehension relies on improving accessibility of diagnostic cues.  相似文献   
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