Information retrieval in the workplace: A comparison of professional search practices     

Tony Russell-Rose  Jon Chamberlain  Leif Azzopardi 《Information processing & management》2018,54(6):1042-1057

Legal researchers, recruitment professionals, healthcare information professionals, and patent analysts all undertake work tasks where search forms a core part of their duties. In these instances, the search task is often complex and time-consuming and requires specialist expertise to identify relevant documents and insights within large domain-specific repositories and collections. Several studies have been made investigating the search practices of professionals such as these, but few have attempted to directly compare their professional practices and so it remains unclear to what extent insights and approaches from one domain can be applied to another. In this paper we describe the results of a survey of a purposive sample of 108 legal researchers, 64 recruitment professionals and 107 healthcare information professionals. Their responses are compared with results from a previous survey of 81 patent analysts. The survey investigated their search practices and preferences, the types of functionality they value, and their requirements for future information retrieval systems. The results reveal that these professions share many fundamental needs and face similar challenges. In particular a continuing preference to formulate queries as Boolean expressions, the need to manage, organise and re-use search strategies and results and an ambivalence toward the use of relevance ranking. The results stress the importance of recall and coverage for the healthcare and patent professionals, while precision and recency were more important to the legal and recruitment professionals. The results also highlight the need to ensure that search systems give confidence to the professional searcher and so trust, explainability and accountability remains a significant challenge when developing such systems. The findings suggest that translational research between the different areas could benefit professionals across domains.  相似文献   

我国非营利组织的绩效考核指标体系设计研究   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

仲伟周  曹永利  Shunfeng SONG 《科研管理》2006,27(3):116-122,74

本文通过绩效指标考核体系性质与功能的充分描述,揭示了我国非营利组织建立绩效考核指标体系的客观必然性;本文在针对当前我国非营利组织绩效体系存在的缺乏统一标准和非经济量化指标等问题及其根源深刻考察的基础上,分析了我国非营利组织建立有效绩效指标体系应以合理实用为主要目标、以客观科学为基本原则;并通过对非营利组织与一般企业绩效指标体系构建的相互比较,提出我国非营利组织绩效指标体系设计应包含的组织内部员工态度、能力与业绩等基本内容,以及完善指标体系的相关政策建议。  相似文献   

教学评估量规的编制及应用     

唐玉霞  马兰 《远程教育杂志》2011,29(6):88-93

量规本质上是一套标准或准则,它包含了评价准则、等级标准和具体说明三个基本要素,旨在创设一个连续体来说明特定主题在不同层次上的知识和技能状况。教育心理学研究与课程改革研究专家均极力倡导采用不同的量规编制方式。通过确定难度不同的学习目标、设计一般性量规和用学生易于接受的形式改写量规的三个步骤,可以编制出一个严格的量规来弥补百分制分数体系在评价中的弊端。此外,教师不仅可以借助量规来设计各种评估并进行评分,并将各种评估转化成量规形式加以解释,还可以从量规的角度帮助学生制定学习进展图,促进他们的学习。  相似文献   

协同导向：美国青少年体质健康政策的演进与启示          下载免费PDF全文

郇昌店 《河北体育学院学报》2017,31(4):21-29

协同导向是美国青少年体质健康政策的突出特征,主要体现在政策文本协同和政策制订协同两方面.在政策文本协同方面,通过梳理历年来体质测量、体育、教育、校园卫生和营养等方面的政策演进过程,发现其体现出较明显的健康促进导向作用.在政策制订协同方面,除了政府相关部门外,社会组织和社会精英人物也都积极参与政策制订,形成了国家政府部门和各界参与的有机融合.我国青少年体质健康亦面临类似问题,可借鉴美国经验,注重体育与营养政策的协同作用,注重跨界政策制订主体的协同参与,强化学校和社区等场域的协同连接,凸显学生校园营养行为的国家责任.  相似文献   

外语类高校发展规划制定策略研究     

戴力 《佳木斯教育学院学报》2015,(2):140

外语类高校发展规划是学校对下一阶段工作部署的指南。本研究阐述了外语类高校发展规划制定的相关概念,并针对学校总体发展规划以及相应子规划提出制定策略。  相似文献   

传统奢华与平价奢华竞争策略比较分析     

丁金辉  张玉利 《未来与发展》2009,30(7):70-72

全球经济快速发展有力地推动了奢华产品的发展,奢华产品分化为传统奢华与平价奢华,通过案例方法和比较方法分析发现,作为不同的定位,这两种奢华产业在资源与核心能力、目标市场、产品制造与市场营销方面策略各不相同。  相似文献   

甘肃省房地产法规文件中的语病例析     

张黎 《兰州教育学院学报》2010,26(6):40-42

从语言文字规范角度的研究发现,甘肃省近年来出台的一系列有关房地产的法律和法规文件中,有些条款的语言表述不规范,存在歧义、结构杂糅、搭配不当和虚词误用等问题,本研究对此提出了相应的修改建议。  相似文献   

法律视角下中美区域图书馆联盟章程制定的比较分析     

胡芬琴  詹庆东 《图书情报工作》2016,60(16):66-72

[目的/意义] 对中美两国区域图书馆联盟章程的制定现状进行比较研究,为进一步制定和完善我国图书馆联盟章程提供借鉴。[方法/过程] 通过网络调查法和内容分析法对中美两国20个区域图书馆联盟章程的制定程序、制定内容以及制定依据3方面进行对比分析,总结我国区域图书馆联盟章程制定实践中存在的不足。[结果/结论] 为完善我国图书馆联盟章程的制定,应该从以下方面进行努力：联盟章程制定应坚持程序正义;联盟章程制定内容科学化;构建学习型问责机制,提升章程实施效率。  相似文献   

Using genetic algorithms to evolve a population of topical queries   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Rocío L. Cecchini  Carlos M. Lorenzetti  Ana G. Maguitman  Nlida Beatríz Brignole 《Information processing & management》2008,44(6):1863

Systems for searching the Web based on thematic contexts can be built on top of a conventional search engine and benefit from the huge amount of content as well as from the functionality available through the search engine interface. The quality of the material collected by such systems is highly dependant on the vocabulary used to generate the search queries. In this scenario, selecting good query terms can be seen as an optimization problem where the objective function to be optimized is based on the effectiveness of a query to retrieve relevant material. Some characteristics of this optimization problem are: (1) the high-dimensionality of the search space, where candidate solutions are queries and each term corresponds to a different dimension, (2) the existence of acceptable suboptimal solutions, (3) the possibility of finding multiple solutions, and in many cases (4) the quest for novelty. This article describes optimization techniques based on Genetic Algorithms to evolve “good query terms” in the context of a given topic. The proposed techniques place emphasis on searching for novel material that is related to the search context. We discuss the use of a mutation pool to allow the generation of queries with new terms, study the effect of different mutation rates on the exploration of query-space, and discuss the use of a especially developed fitness function that favors the construction of queries containing novel but related terms.  相似文献   

抑郁情绪来访者的案例概念化个案研究     

吴九君 《海南广播电视大学学报》2014,(1):151-153,158

通过对一例抑郁情绪来访者的案例概念化咨询,检视案例概念化对于抑郁情绪来访者的干预效果。应用Blackburn,James和Flitcroft提出的压力特异质模型制订一例抑郁情绪认知行为咨询的案例概念化咨询方案。按照案例概念化流程和要求将个案内容以模式图形式呈现给来访者,并根据每一部分具体问题按照相对应咨询方法进行干预。综合评价结果显示,来访者抑郁情绪减轻,生活向积极方向转化。  相似文献