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1.
Global coastal oceans as a whole represent an important carbon sink but, due to high spatial–temporal variability, a mechanistic conceptualization of the coastal carbon cycle is still under development, hindering the modelling and inclusion of coastal carbon in Earth System Models. Although temperature is considered an important control of sea surface pCO2, we show that the latitudinal distribution of global coastal surface pCO2 does not match that of temperature, and its inter-seasonal changes are substantially regulated by non-thermal factors such as water mass mixing and net primary production. These processes operate in both ocean-dominated and river-dominated margins, with carbon and nutrients sourced from the open ocean and land, respectively. These can be conceptualized by a semi-analytical framework that assesses the consumption of dissolved inorganic carbon relative to nutrients, to determine how a coastal system is a CO2 source or sink. The framework also finds utility in accounting for additional nutrients in organic forms and testing hypotheses such as using Redfield stoichiometry, and is therefore an essential step toward comprehensively understanding and modelling the role of the coastal ocean in the global carbon cycle.  相似文献   
2.
苏妍嫄  张亚明  何旭  杜翠翠 《现代情报》2021,40(12):100-113
[目的/意义] 突发事件网络舆情传播对健全舆情引导机制,推动国家治理体系和治理能力现代化具有重要意义。[方法/过程] 借鉴传染病动力学模型,基于公众风险感知异质性与交叉演变性双重视角,通过剖析突发事件驱动的风险感知交叉演变机制,构建了网络舆情传播模型并求解出基本再生数。[结果/结论] "北京新发地疫情"网络舆情实证与仿真结果表明,公众风险感知异质性越小且受突发事件影响越大,网络舆情最终扩散规模及产生的影响越大。突发事件恶化将促使交叉演变向高度风险感知倾斜,加剧网络舆情传播;突发事件好转将促使交叉演变向低度风险感知倾斜,有助于控制网络舆情大规模扩散。政府面对突发事件应立即启动应急响应,降低公众风险感知水平,实现网络舆情有效干预,维护社会和谐稳定。  相似文献   
3.
[目的/意义]国防科技信息工作体系,是提升国防科技信息工作质量效益的基础和保障。[方法/过程]分析了国防科技信息工作体系的概念内涵,基于系统思想剖析了国防科技信息工作体系的需求、主体、用户、内容、流程、方法、产品、机制8个构成要素。在此基础上,运用系统动力学模型,构建了国防科技信息工作体系的因果关系图和系统流程图,并仿真模拟了在诸要素相互作用下国防科技信息工作质量效益的发展变化情况。[结果/结论]研究结论有助于把握国防科技信息工作质量效益演变的客观规律,为新形势下推进国防科技信息工作体系建设提供理论支撑。  相似文献   
4.
目的:预测分析冰雪旅游业下一阶段的发展潜力,以此来规避风险、降低损失,实现冰雪旅游业发展的最大化效益。方法:利用系统动力学方法,借助Vensim PLE软件,构建我国冰雪旅游发展的系统动力学模型,仿真分析子系统中各影响因素之间的相互作用关系并探究冰雪旅游发展的动力机制。结果:增加潜在旅游者数量、加大宣传力度、加强基础设施建设投入金额、加大投资额度等发展策略均能不同程度地促进冰雪旅游发展;增加潜在旅游者数量、加大投资额度发展策略是实现2022年“三亿人参与冰雪运动”总目标的有力保证;以2022年为时间节点,2020—2022年增加潜在旅游消费者是首选的发展策略;2022年以后加强冰雪旅游投资额度是首选的发展策略。结论:未来冰雪旅游的发展可以通过控制潜在旅游者数量、加大投资额度及其相关因素,有效实现冰雪旅游的可持续发展。  相似文献   
5.
"互联网+教育"的发展已衍生出了一系列教育教学创新方法,对高等职业教育发展产生了诸多影响,是提升高等职业教育实效的重要路径。基于慕课对高等职业教育的影响进行分析,就该视角下的高等职业教育发展进行探究。  相似文献   
6.
在课堂教学中发现,学生难以理解在被冲击物的水平方向上施加冲击物的重力来计算动荷因数。本文研究了不同水平静荷载的施加对冲击问题的影响,推导出水平冲击问题求解的通用公式,证明水平冲击问题与静荷载的施加方式及大小无关。若采用动荷因数法,需选择冲击物自身重力作为被冲击物的水平静载,才可得到教材中的结果。结合国外材料力学教材,介绍了水平冲击问题的另一种求解方法,拓宽了读者求解水平冲击的思路,并给出相应的教学建议。  相似文献   
7.
BackgroundConsidering the potential cumulative effects of repetitive head impact (HI) exposure, we need sensitive biomarkers to track short- and long-term effects. Circulating small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) (<200 nm) traffic biological molecules throughout the body and may have diagnostic value as biomarkers for disease. The purpose of this study was to identify the microRNA (miRNA) profile in circulating sEVs derived from human plasma following repetitive HI exposure.MethodsHealthy adult (aged 18–35 years) soccer players were randomly assigned to one of 3 groups: the HI group performed 10 standing headers, the leg impact group performed 10 soccer ball trapping maneuvers over 10 min, and the control group did not participate in any soccer drills. Plasma was collected before testing and 24 h afterward, and sEVs were isolated and characterized via nanoparticle tracking analysis. Next-generation sequencing was utilized to identify candidate miRNAs isolated from sEVs, and candidate microRNAs were analyzed via quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In silico target prediction was performed using TargetScan (Version 7.0; targetscan.org) and miRWalk (http://mirwalk.umm.uni-heidelberg.de/) programs, and target validation was performed using luciferase reporter vectors with a miR-7844-5p mimic in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293T/17 cells.ResultsPlasma sEV concentration and size were not affected across time and group following repetitive HI exposure. After 24 h, the HI read count from next-generation sequencing showed a 4-fold or greater increase in miR-92b-5p, miR-423-5p, and miR-24-3p and a 3-fold or greater decrease in miR-7844-5p, miR-144-5p, miR-221-5p, and miR-22-3p. Analysis of quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed that leg impact did not alter the candidate miRNA levels. To our knowledge, miR-7844-5p is a previously unknown miRNA. We identified 8 miR-7844-5p mRNA targets: protein phosphatase 1 regulatory inhibitor subunit 1B (PPP1R1B), LIM and senescent cell antigen-like domains 1 (LIMS1), autophagy-related 12 (ATG12), microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta (MAP1LC3B), integrin subunit alpha-1 (ITGA1), mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1), glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), and mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 (MAPK8).ConclusionCollectively, these data indicate repetitive HI exposure alters plasma sEV miRNA content, but not sEV size or number. Furthermore, for the first time we demonstrate that previously unknown miR-7844-5p targets mRNAs known to be involved in mitochondrial apoptosis, autophagy regulation, mood disorders, and neurodegenerative disease.  相似文献   
8.
本研究利用系统动力学方法,从知识流动的角度描述、量化、模拟企业创新网络与企业技术创新动态能力协同演进的过程。模型分析结果表明当前企业创新绩效取决于技术创新动态能力与创新网络协同演进路径:技术创新动态能力→创新网络构建与演化→外部知识内化→创新绩效→技术创新动态能力。在协同演进的过程中随着企业技术创新的发展,在创新绩效驱动三要素中,动态能力以及创新网络知识内化对创新绩效提升具有边际递增的效应,同时创新战略、产业政策平台和管理平台对企业技术创新都存在显著影响,但这种影响作用存在较大差异。  相似文献   
9.
近年来我国移动电子商务产业规模迅速扩大。从系统的角度出发,移动电子商务产业可看作由经济、政策、移动技术和产业链4个相互关联的子系统构成,根据各子系统的内在因果关系,运用Vensim软件构建移动电子商务产业的系统动力学模型;在检验模型有效性的基础上,对我国移动电子商务产业的演化趋势进行仿真,并在政策和技术的不同投入力度场景下分析系统行为的变化。仿真结果表明,在适度的政策引导下,协同移动技术和产业链的发展能有效促进我国移动电子商务产业健康、可持续发展。  相似文献   
10.
ABSTRACT

Research impact features heavily in debates about ‘the measured university’ and is now formally assessed by governments in the UK and Australia. Yet clear guidance on how impact can be measured in non-monetary ways is often lacking because of confused thinking and the context-specific nature of outcomes. To help resolve this, we first propose a general impact model of inputs, processes, outputs and outcomes framework. Then, using a survey approach of research users, we measure outcomes at different levels of abstraction using usefulness as the central construct and impact categories from the European (EU) and Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB). The survey measures are simple, comparable between different impact cases, cost-effective, externally verifiable, and easily administered by those for whom impact measurement is new and puzzling. They can also be combined to form an impact index to address criticism that there is little standardisation in impact measurement. To improve the standardisation of context-specific measures, we suggest a common methodology for deriving these (SROI). The article discusses limitations of using surveys including administration, self-report data, and impact timescale problems, and suggests ways to reduce these. Implications for researchers, research managers, and assessors interested in measuring impact, such as who should do it and pay for it, are discussed.  相似文献   
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