Hot hands,cold feet? Investigating effects of interacting constraints on place kicking performance at the 2015 Rugby Union World Cup     

Chris Pocock  Neil E. Bezodis  Keith Davids  Jamie S. North 《European Journal of Sport Science》2018,18(10):1309-1316

Place kicks in Rugby Union present valuable opportunities to score points outside the spatiotemporal dynamics of open play but are executed under varying performance constraints. We analysed effects of specific task constraints and relevant contextual factors on place kick performance in the 2015 Rugby Union World Cup. Data were collected from television broadcasts for each place kick. In addition to kick outcomes, contextual factors, including time of the kick in the match, score margin at the time of the kick, and outcome of the kicker’s previous kick, were recorded. Effects of spatial task constraints were analysed for each kick, using distance (m) and angle (°) of the kick to the goalposts. A binomial logistic regression model revealed that distance from, and angle to, the goalposts were significant predictors of place kick outcome. Furthermore, the success percentage of kickers who missed their previous kick was 7% lower than those who scored their previous kick. Place kick success percentage in the 10 minutes before half-time was 8% lower than the mean tournament success percentage, which was 75% (95% CI 71–78%). The highest kick success percentage was recorded when scores were level (83%; 95% CI 72–91%). Our data highlighted how subtle changes in task constraints and contextual factors can influence performance outcomes in elite performers in international competition. Fluctuations in place kick success suggested that individual constraints, such as thoughts, emotions and fatigue, induced during competition, could interact with perceptions to influence emergent performance behaviours.  相似文献   

跆拳道后横踢四种战术动作击打速度效果特点及对运动训练的启示     

徐春杰  刘卫军  刘德皓  于海龙 《成都体育学院学报》2020,(1):114-120

目的:研究跆拳道后横踢4种战术动作的击打速度效果及对运动训练的启示。方法:以跆拳道后横踢"进攻""迎击""反击""近身"4种战术动作为研究对象,运用Motion-Analysis红外光点高速运动捕捉测试系统,研究在"空击"状态下部分关节转动幅度,人体重心位移变化,膝关节和踝关节的速度、加速度;并运用电子护具采集后横踢4种战术动作的击打力量。结果:进攻、反击战术动作在骨盆、髋关节旋转上与迎击、近身战术动作有差异(P<0.05),而在躯干、膝和踝关节旋转上没有差异(P>0.05)。进攻、迎击、近身战术动作的提膝向心加速和踝关节离心加速好于"反击"(P<0.05)。进攻、迎击、近身战术动作的提膝速度、击打速度均高于"反击"(P<0.05),击打力量也高于"反击",尤其是"进攻"(P<0.05)。"进攻"和"反击"重心移动速度高于"迎击"和"近身"(P<0.01),向心加速度也高于"迎击"和"近身",尤其是"进攻"(P<0.05),但"反击"移动方向与击打方向相反。结论:跆拳道后横踢4种战术中,"进攻"与"反击","迎击"与"近身"动作结构类似;"进攻""迎击""近身"在整个过程中各环节动作肌肉收缩用力、动量传递、击打力量方面均优于"反击",特别是"进攻"显著优于"反击"。在运动训练中,要以比赛规则为导向,了解战术运用现状,科学提高击打速度,提升击打效果策略,更新运动训练思路。  相似文献   

Impact of combining data from multiple instruments on performance of patient-based real-time quality control     

Qianqian Zhou  Tze Ping Loh  Tony Badrick  Chun Yee Lim 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2021,31(2)

IntroductionIt is unclear what is the best strategy for applying patient-based real-time quality control (PBRTQC) algorithm in the presence of multiple instruments. This simulation study compared the error detection capability of applying PBRTQC algorithms for instruments individually and in combination using serum sodium as an example.Materials and methodsFour sets of random serum sodium measurements were generated with differing means and standard deviations to represent four simulated instruments. Moving median with winsorization was selected as the PBRTQC algorithm. The PBRTQC parameters (block size and control limits) were optimized and applied to the four simulated laboratory data sets individually and in combination.ResultsWhen the PBRTQC algorithm were individually optimized and applied to the data of the individual simulated instruments, it was able to detect bias several folds faster than when they were combined. Similarly, the individually applied algorithms had perfect error detection rates across different magnitudes of bias, whereas the error detection rates of the algorithm applied on the combined data missed smaller biases. The performance of the individually applied PBRTQC algorithm performed more consistently among the simulated instruments compared to when the data were combined.DiscussionWhile combining data from different instruments can increase the data stream and hence, increase the speed of error detection, it may widen the control limits and compromising the probability of error detection. The presence of multiple instruments in the data stream may dilute the effect of the error when it only affects a selected instrument.  相似文献   

O-200kPa气动控制信号检测系统的设计     

黄爱芹 《滨州师专学报》2011,(6):91-94

为检测气动执行器常用控制信号0-200kPa气压,设计了基于MSP430单片机和压阻式压力传感器MPX2200的气压检测系统．阐述了检测系统的软硬件设计,给出了MPX2200恒流源电路和放大倍数可调的两级放大电路,介绍了软件设计中的标度变换、分段插值和中值滤波方法．该系统在电路设计上选用仪用放大器、单片机自带AD转换器,所用元器件少、功耗低、精度高,可广泛应用于智能化、低功耗化的气动执行机构及其元器件的设计中．  相似文献   

跆拳道540°后旋踢技术成功要素分析     

杨小芳 《成都体育学院学报》2015,(2):92-96

540°后旋踢技术是现今自由品势和击破示范的代表性技术,其动作华丽难度高。本研究运用影像测量方法获取2014年3月韩国击破王大赛成功选手和失败选手的540°后旋踢技术各环节运动的运动学数据,通过运动学的分析探索540°后旋踢技术的成功要素,以期对自由品势选手的教学与训练提供科学依据。  相似文献   

泰拳拳法及腿法技术学习认识误区研究     

李彦 《搏击·武术科学》2015,(4):67-68

泰拳项目,作为在全世界范围内有着很深影响的搏击项目,在中国也越发受到武术爱好者们的欢迎,但是大家对泰拳技术的认识却存在着一定的误区,文章通过对普遍存在于搏击爱好者中的泰拳认识误区进行分析,以期能够对搏击爱好者起到一定的学习帮助作用。  相似文献   

Teaching univariate measures of location‐using loss functions          下载免费PDF全文

Jon‐Paul Paolino 《Teaching Statistics》2018,40(1):16-23

  相似文献   

跆拳道后旋踢技术动作的运动学特征分析          下载免费PDF全文

杨小芳 《河北体育学院学报》2016,30(3):81-85

采用三维高速摄像技术和运动生物力学原理,对后旋踢技术身体重心移动、动作所用时间、踝关节角度、膝关节角度和髋关节角度的运动学特征进行比较分析,得出结论:踢击腿在离地瞬间身体重心要快速向回旋方向移动;踢击腿膝关节最大程度弯曲,以缩短动作时间、加快踢击速度;踢击腿髋关节只有最大程度地弯曲,弯曲的膝关节才能快速展开;踢击腿的髋关节最大程度弯曲再打开时,踝关节能快速鞭打;支撑腿弯曲后在踢击腿踢出的瞬间,髋关节开始伸展,将对打击高度产生影响;踢击腿膝关节和髋关节最大程度弯曲时能增加击打力度.  相似文献   

侧踹腿与步法有效结合的战术效果探析     

于旭洋 《搏击·武术科学》2011,8(1):70-72

文章运用文献资料法、综述法等研究方法,分析与论述散打侧踹腿技术以及步法和战术的协调配合,探讨侧踹腿技术的特点、步法的实用性、战术效果,训练方法,对提高散打运动员的技战术意识和战术水平具有重要作用。  相似文献   

基于中值滤波和维纳滤波的图像混合噪声滤波研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨辉  唐建锋  杨利容  许岳兵 《衡阳师范学院学报》2011,32(6):52-55

某一种去噪方法通常只对某一类噪声的滤除较为有效,为了抑制混合噪声,提出一种结合中值滤波与维纳滤波的图像去噪算法。该算法首先检测出脉冲噪声点,并对脉冲噪声点进行中值滤波处理,然后用维纳滤波滤除图像中的高斯白噪声。仿真实验表明,对于被高斯、脉冲混合噪声污染的图像,该算法的去噪效果显然比单一的中值滤波和维纳滤波好得多。  相似文献