Ethical control of innovation in a globalized and liberal world: Is good science still science?     

《Endeavour》2019,43(4):100709

The independence of science was long seen as of prime importance. This position has become less common today. The perception of scientific research as a public service has led to the opinion that it must be accountable to citizens and produce knowledge and innovation that meet their expectations. Numerous authors have voiced the need for anticipatory ethical control of innovation focusing on the scientific research process. This control is considered as the must-have guarantee for “good science.” The current article attempts to trace the ideological origins of the ethical control of innovation, examines its effectiveness against the challenge of globalization and technology-derived major threats and its compatibility with scientific methodology. It also suggests ways to both regulate the innovation process and preserve the independence of science. On the whole, we conclude that truly effective ethical regulation of innovation, i.e. one that protects the greatest number from its adverse effects, is achieved first and foremost by questioning our liberal economic model and the place given to science in our societies.  相似文献   

Engaged Journalism and News Work: A Sociotechnical Analysis of Organizational Dynamics and Professional Challenges     

Thomas R. Schmidt  Regina G. Lawrence 《Journalism Practice》2020,14(5):518-536

ABSTRACT

Building upon the sociotechnical perspective presented by Lewis and Westlund (2015, “Actors, Actants, Audiences, and Activities in Cross-media News Work: A Matrix and a Research Agenda.” Digital Journalism 3 (1): 19–37. doi:10.1080/21670811.2014.927986), this study examines organizational dynamics, technological affordances and professional challenges of engaged journalism practices by analyzing how Hearken, one of the most celebrated audience engagement companies, and its tools and services are being implemented in 15 U.S. news organizations. This framework identifies Hearken and organizations like it as important “external actors” providing technological “actants” that are shaping how newsrooms report the news by providing ways for audiences to be brought into producing the news, particularly during the earlier phases of the reporting process. Based on in-depth interviews, we find that nearly every news organization in our sample reports some measure of success by using Hearken for involving audience members throughout the production of news. At the same time, we also identify how this implementation is significantly shaped by organizational imperatives and the models particular organizations create for producing audience-centric news work. Ultimately, this study presents a partial update to the decades-long literature on participatory journalism by suggesting that engaged journalism practices actually create opportunities for meaningful audience involvement.  相似文献   

Do corporate management tools inevitably corrupt the soul of the university? Evidence from the implementation of responsibility center budgeting     

Darren Deering 《Tertiary Education and Management》2018,24(2):115-127

The use of corporate management tools in universities has been widely critiqued in recent decades, as it is viewed as undermining academic goals and promoting marketization and corporatization. Responsibility center budgeting (RCB) is one popular management tool that has been decried as promoting market logics, internal competition and institutional fragmentation. This comparative case study investigated four North American universities that employed RCB for several years, to investigate the relationship between unit autonomy and coordination. Site visits and interviews with key informants were conducted at the four universities, supplemented by document analysis. The analysis identifies widely different experiences between two sets of universities. Findings show that the ability of the central administration to promote vertical coordination is critical to mitigating the adverse consequences of RCB.  相似文献   

基于组织层级的高校技术转移绩效影响因素研究     

常旭华  刘永千  陈强 《科技管理研究》2018,(18)

构建多元线性回归模型分析两个组织层级的技术转移绩效影响因素。研究表明,高校和技术转移办公室因组织层级不一致导致其绩效影响因素也不同;宏观类指标更能提升高校全局层面的技术转移绩效,而收益分配政策、组织特性等微观指标则对部门层面的绩效指标影响更大。主管部门制定绩效评估体系时应充分考虑组织层级引起的差异。  相似文献   

Abandoning Either/Ors in Analyzing Shifts in Humanitarian Reporting     

David Nolan  Stephanie Brookes  Michelle Imison 《Journalism Practice》2020,14(1):17-33

ABSTRACT

The shifting constitution of journalists as humanitarian actors has profound implications for changing forms of journalism practice, as well as for the normative models through which journalists understand and reflect on that practice. In an effort to develop a more empirically-grounded engagement with change, this article explores the interview testimonies of Australian journalists who cover international and humanitarian issues. It argues that frameworks reliant on stark oppositions (between past and present, optimism and pessimism, or moral agency and material structure) are both empirically and practically problematic, and seeks to move beyond these. Engagement with data from semi-structured interviews offers insight into how journalists’ perceptions of and responses to change are shaped by the historical and shifting institutional relations in which they are implicated.  相似文献   

网络化管理模式的发展引起的管理创新   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

方琢 《研究与发展管理》2001,13(4):31-34

以网络经济为时代背景,通过分析网络技术和信息技术对管理的影响,提出了管理创新的新思想－网络化管理,并在此基础上详细论述了网络化与管理在理念,组织结构,手段和文化四个领域的创新。文章对研究新经济条件下的管理创新具有一定的指导意义。  相似文献   

组织管理面临的现实挑战及对理论研究的启示   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

尚玉钒  席酉民  王洪涛 《预测》2002,21(2):5-9

本文对新的时代特征下传统的组织形式所表现出来的缺陷进行了分析,并在探索归纳组织管理理论最新进展的基础上,认识到当西方崇尚科学和理性的管理模式在面对“有人参与”的复杂系统而出现合成谬误和控制困难时,组织管理研究呈现出了东西方管理“整合”及软化趋势。进而提出,在这场由计算机并行处理等技术引发的有关“协调的变革”中,对于协调问题的关注势必激发对组织中所普遍存在的和谐机理研究的关注。  相似文献   

组织环境对女性职业生涯发展的影响:基于保险业的实证研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

何建华 《软科学》2007,21(5):116-119

基于保险业的问卷调查,对影响女性职业生涯发展的组织环境因素进行实证分析。研究表明性别平等的组织文化、组织的人力资源政策、组织内的人际关系对女性的职业生涯发展产生显著影响,针对这一研究结论对组织职业生涯开发活动提出相关建议。  相似文献   

企业选择外部R&D组织模式的机制探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王晓靖  曾德明 《科技与管理》2003,5(6):13-16

探讨了企业如何通过选择不同的组织模式从外部获取所需的技术资源，解释不同组织模式的内在区别，提出由7个特性因子描述的组织模式，并系统地分析内外部的影响因素及对组织模式7个特性因子的影响机制。旨在为企业有效地开展外部R＆D提供理论指导。  相似文献   

差异化变革型领导、心理授权与组织创造力     

孙永磊  宋晶  陈劲 《科学学与科学技术管理》2016,(4):137-146

主要研究针对整体和个体两个层面的差异化变革型领导对组织创造力的影响,并探索心理授权的中介作用,在文献梳理和理论分析的基础上,提出相关研究假设,结合我国企业创新的实践数据进行实证分析。主要结论包括:首先,相对于针对整体层面的一致性变革型领导,针对个体层面的差异性变革型领导对组织创造力的正向驱动作用更强;其次,心理授权是差异化变革型领导影响组织创造力的重要中介变量;最后,过度的一致性变革型领导方式运用可能会抑制员工的心理授权体验,而差异性变革型领导则对员工心理授权具有较强的促进作用。  相似文献