瑜伽对田径运动员运动性疲劳恢复的可行性分析     

刘平  苑廷刚  程泓人  韩鹏鹏 《体育科技文献通报》2020,(1):46-48

本文使用文献资料法、综述法、比较法、逻辑分析法等科研方法,针对瑜伽对心理和生理功能的作用和运动员的运动性疲劳两方面进行综述对照研究,探究得出:将瑜伽放松练习运用于田径运动员运动性疲劳恢复中的意义,并且提出将瑜伽练习运用于田径运动员的运动性疲劳恢复训练当中。  相似文献   

Corticospinal changes induced by fatiguing eccentric versus concentric exercise     

Yoann M. Garnier  Christos Paizis  Romuald Lepers 《European Journal of Sport Science》2019,19(2):166-176

The present study assessed neuromuscular and corticospinal changes during and after a fatiguing submaximal exercise of the knee extensors in different modes of muscle contraction. Twelve subjects performed two knee extensors exercises in a concentric or eccentric mode, at the same torque and with a similar total impulse. Exercises consisted of 10 sets of 10 repetitions at an intensity of 80% of the maximal voluntary isometric contraction torque (MVIC). MVIC, maximal voluntary activation level (VAL) and responses of electrically evoked contractions of the knee extensors were assessed before and after exercise. Motor evoked potential amplitude (MEP) and cortical silent period (CSP) of the vastus medialis (VM) and rectus femoris (RF) muscles were assessed before, during and after exercise. Similar reductions of the MVIC (?13%), VAL (?12%) and a decrease in the peak twitch (?12%) were observed after both exercises. For both VM and RF muscles, MEP amplitude remained unchanged during either concentric or eccentric exercises. No change of the MEP amplitude input–output curves was observed post-exercise. For the RF muscle, CSP increased during the concentric exercise and remained lengthened after this exercise. For the VM muscle, CSP was reduced after the eccentric exercise only. For a similar amount of total impulse, concentric and eccentric knee extensor contractions led to similar exercise-induced neuromuscular response changes. For the two muscles investigated, no modulation of corticospinal excitability was observed during or after either concentric or eccentric exercises. However, intracortical inhibition showed significant modulations during and after exercise.  相似文献   

The impact of physiological load on anticipation skills in badminton: From testing to training     

D. B. Alder  D. P. Broadbent  J. Stead  J. Poolton 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(16):1816-1823

Research remains unclear on the impact of physiological load on perceptual-cognitive skills in sport. Moreover, no study has examined the training of perceptual-cognitive skills under physiological load. The current study comprised two phases. Firstly, we examined the impact of badminton-specific physiological load on anticipatory skills in expert badminton players (n = 13), including key underlying mechanisms, such as gaze behaviour. Under high physiological load, participants displayed less efficient visual search behaviour and showed a reduction in response accuracy. Secondly, we examined the effects of combining perceptual-cognitive simulation training with the high physiological load. Ten of the expert badminton players were assigned to a combined training group, where the simulation training and the physiological load intervention occurred simultaneously or an independent training group, whereby the two components were completed independently. The combined training group showed a positive change in the efficiency of their visual search behaviours compared to the independent training group, but no significant performance improvements were found. Overall, findings demonstrate that high physiological load is detrimental to experts’ anticipatory skills. However, combining perceptual-cognitive simulation training with high physiological load can potentially negate these debilitating effects.  相似文献   

The effect of smartphones and playing video games on decision-making in soccer players: A crossover and randomised study     

Leonardo S. Fortes  Dalton De Lima-Junior  Lenamar Fiorese  José R. A. Nascimento-Júnior  Arnaldo L. Mortatti  Maria E. C. Ferreira 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(5):552-558

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to analyse the effect of the use of social networks in smartphones or playing video games on the passing decision-making performance in professional soccer athletes. Participants were 25 male professional soccer athletes (mean ± SD: age 23.4 ± 2.8 years). The participants performed three randomised conditions divided into three groups: control (CON), smartphone (SMA), and video game (VID). Before and after each experimental condition, the Stroop Task assessed the level of induced mental fatigue. Then, the athletes performed a simulated soccer match. A CANON® camera recorded the matches for further analysis on passing decision-making performance. A group effect was identified (p < .01) with impairment on passing decision-making performance for the SMA (p = .01, ES = 0.5) and VID (p = .01, ES = 0.5) conditions. We concluded that the use of social networks on smartphones and/or playing video games right before official soccer matches might impair the passing decision-making performance in professional soccer athletes.  相似文献   

消除运动性疲劳的10种中药及其元素的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

隋朝飞  刘广路  张广建 《衡水学院学报》2008,10(4)

近20年来,国内运动医学界已开始重视并运用中药和元素等中药疗法来治疗运动性疲劳、缩短恢复时间、提高运动能力,取得了一些研究成果．本文用ICP／AES法对10种抗运动性疲劳中药中的17种元素进行了分析．研究发现：运动性疲劳与中医的“虚证”是十分相似的;中医的补虚类中药中微量元素含量与临床上治疗各种虚证的疽效有密切关系．  相似文献   

发动机连杆热-结构耦合性能分析及优化          下载免费PDF全文

李晓婧  张颖博  高欣 《唐山学院学报》2021,34(6):23-27

为改善发动机连杆在热-结构耦合作用下的性能,首先,应用理论分析法分析了发动机曲柄连杆机构的运动学特性;然后,采用有限元仿真法分析了连杆在热-结构耦合作用下的拉应力、压应力以及疲劳寿命;最后,依据仿真分析结果对原型连杆的危险截面进行优化设计并再次分析,结果表明,优化后的发动机连杆其应力得到大幅减小,但疲劳寿命增加了96.60%,连杆性能得到了很好的改善。  相似文献   

人体仿真技术在先进制造作业疲劳研究中的应用     

于娜 《技术与创新管理》2016,(2):163-166

人体仿真技术已成为国内外学者进行作业疲劳生理参数测定最有效的方法之一。本文将人体仿真技术应用于先进制造作业疲劳研究,利用3D SSPP软件,以木工电子开料作业为例,探讨作业疲劳的人体仿真分析方法及步骤。此外,将人体仿真分析应用于作业优化设计,探讨了利用人体仿真分析方法进行的作业优化设计的流程,为先进制造的作业疲劳研究提供了一种的技术方法参考。  相似文献   

针阀体开裂原因实验分析     

陈亚军 《实验室研究与探索》2004,23(12):37-39

对针阀体使用中发生球头部位开裂的原因进行了硬度测定及金相检验等。结果表明,由于渗碳过程中,球头部位的尖角效应,使得该处碳势过高,导致球头部位出现网状碳化物,碳化物网状分布破坏了基体的连续性,从而降低了球头部位的疲劳强度,在交变高压油的作用下萌生微裂纹,并不断扩展导致球头出现开裂。  相似文献   

Pacing profiles and pack running at the IAAF World Half Marathon Championships     

Brian Hanley 《Journal of sports sciences》2015,33(11):1189-1195

The aim of this study was to describe the pacing profiles and packing behaviour of athletes competing in the IAAF World Half Marathon Championships. Finishing and split times were collated for 491 men and 347 women across six championships. The mean speeds for each intermediate 5 km and end 1.1 km segments were calculated, and athletes grouped according to finishing time. The best men and women largely maintained their split speeds between 5 km and 15 km, whereas slower athletes had decreased speeds from 5 km onwards. Athletes were also classified by the type of packing behaviour in which they engaged. Those who ran in packs throughout the race had smaller decreases in pace than those who did not, or who managed to do so only to 5 km. While some athletes’ reduced speeds from 15 to 20 km might have been caused by fatigue, it was also possibly a tactic to aid a fast finish that was particularly beneficial to medallists. Those athletes who ran with the same competitors throughout sped up most during the finish. Athletes are advised to identify rivals likely to have similar abilities and ambitions and run with them as part of their pre-race strategy.  相似文献   

Augmenting performance feedback does not affect 4 km cycling time-trials in the heat     

Mark Waldron  Vincent Villerius  Aron Murphy 《Journal of sports sciences》2015,33(8):786-794

We compared the effects of (1) accurate and (2) surreptitiously augmented performance feedback on power output and physiological responses to a 4000 m time-trial in the heat. Nine cyclists completed a baseline (BaseL) 4000 m time-trial in ambient temperatures of 30°C, followed by two further 4000 m time-trials at the same temperature, randomly assigning the participants to an accurate (ACC; accurate feedback of baseline) or deceived (DEC; 2% increase above baseline) feedback group. The total power output (PO) and aerobic (P_aer) and anaerobic (P_an) contributions were determined at 0.4 km stages during the time-trials, alongside measurements of rectal (T_rec) and skin (T_skin) temperatures. There were no differences (P > 0.05) in any of the variables between BaseL, ACC and DEC, despite increases (P < 0.05) in T_rec and T_skin. Typical pacing profiles were demonstrated; however, there was no interaction (P > 0.05) between feedback condition and time-trial stage. Providing surreptitiously augmented performance feedback to well-trained cyclists did not alter their performance or physiological responses to a 4000 m time-trial in a hot environment. The assumed influence of augmented performance feedback was nullified in the heat, perhaps reflecting a central down-regulation of exercise intensity in response to an increased body temperature.  相似文献