4周下肢间歇负压干预对优秀赛艇运动员心率变异性和儿茶酚胺的影响     

董徽徽  高炳宏 《上海体育学院学报》2020,(4):78-83

目的探讨下肢间歇负压干预对赛艇运动员心率变异性(HRV)相关指标和儿茶酚胺的影响。方法将国家赛艇队的14名运动员分为试验组和对照组,试验组运动员每周用间歇负压干预5 d,持续4周,对照组无其他干预方式。试验期间均对2组运动员进行HRV相关指标和儿茶酚胺的测试。结果试验前2组运动员各指标均无统计学差异。开始干预后2组的变化如下:①在时域指标中,试验组正常窦性R-R间期标准差(SDNN)在第3周时高于对照组(P<0.05)。②在频域指标中,试验组高频(HF)值在第2周和第3周时高于对照组(P<0.05),而其高频与低频比(LF/HF)在第1、3和4周时低于对照组(P<0.05)。③2组儿茶酚胺组内、组间比较均无统计学差异,但试验组儿茶酚胺下降程度比对照组高。结论4周的间歇负压干预对运动员自主神经系统功能的恢复有明显促进作用,对儿茶酚胺的分泌也具有抑制趋势;这有利于降低运动员心脏负荷,促进运动后的生理恢复。  相似文献   

低负荷加压训练改善自发性高血压大鼠的血压效果及机制研究     

谭朝文  赵彦  俞莹莹  马晓缓  郑玉婵 《体育科学》2020,(3):46-53,63

目的:探究低负荷加压训练对自发性高血压大鼠的降压效果及其作用机制。方法:选取4周龄雄性自发性高血压大鼠,随机分为对照组(高血压安静组)、低负荷训练组、低负荷加压训练组和高负荷训练组。低负荷训练组进行35%~55%1RM递进式低负荷爬梯训练,低负荷加压训练组进行30%~40%血流受限结合35%~55%1RM递进式低负荷爬梯训练,高负荷训练组进行55%~75%1RM递进式高负荷爬梯训练,训练后测定血压、血液中内皮素-1、血管内皮生长因子、一氧化氮合成酶的表达和心肌组织中内皮型一氧化氮合成酶的表达。结果:1)与对照组、高负荷训练组相比,低负荷加压训练组收缩压、舒张压显著下降(P<0.05);与低负荷训练组相比,低负荷加压训练组舒张压显著下降(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,低负荷加压训练组血液中内皮素-1表达显著下调(P<0.05),血管内皮生长因子和一氧化氮合成酶表达显著上调(P<0.05);3)与对照组相比,低负荷加压训练组心肌中内皮型一氧化氮合成酶表达显著上调(P<0.05);4)在低负荷加压训练组中,收缩压与内皮素-1呈正相关,相关性分析具有统计学意义(P<0.05);收缩压与一氧化氮合成酶、血管内皮生长因子、内皮型一氧化氮合成酶均呈负相关,相关性分析具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:1)低负荷加压训练降压效果优于高负荷训练;2)低负荷加压训练能够通过下调血液中内皮素-1的表达,上调血液中血管内皮生长因子和一氧化氮合成酶的表达,同时上调心肌中内皮型一氧化氮合成酶表达,改善内皮细胞功能,达到降压的效果。  相似文献   

Wearable skin-like optoelectronic systems with suppression of motion artifacts for cuff-less continuous blood pressure monitor     

Haicheng Li  Yinji Ma  Ziwei Liang  Zhouheng Wang  Yu Cao  Yuan Xu  Hua Zhou  Bingwei Lu  Ying Chen  Zhiyuan Han  Shisheng Cai  Xue Feng 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(5):849

According to the statistics of the World Health Organization, an estimated 17.9 million people die from cardiovascular diseases each year, representing 31% of all global deaths. Continuous non-invasive arterial pressure (CNAP) is essential for the management of cardiovascular diseases. However, it is difficult to achieve long-term CNAP monitoring with the daily use of current devices due to irritation of the skin as well as the lack of motion artifacts suppression. Here, we report a high-performance skin-like optoelectronic system integrated with ultra-thin flexible circuits to monitor CNAP. We introduce a theoretical model via the virtual work principle for predicting the precise blood pressure and suppressing motion artifacts, and propose optical difference in the frequency domain for stable optical measurements in terms of skin-like devices. We compare the results with the blood pressure acquired by invasive (intra-arterial) blood pressure monitoring for >1500 min in total on 44 subjects in an intensive care unit. The maximum absolute errors of diastolic and systolic blood pressure were ±7/±10 mm Hg, respectively, in immobilized, and ±10/±14 mm Hg, respectively, in walking scenarios. These strategies provide advanced blood pressure monitoring techniques, which would directly address an unmet clinical need or daily use for a highly vulnerable population.  相似文献   

Interval exercise induces milder respiratory responses compared to continuous exercise     

Pierros Thomakos  Nikolaos Geladas  Ifigenia Giannopoulou  George Varouhakis  Panagiotis Behrakis 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(5):576-581

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to explore the respiratory response of acute interval and continuous exercise (CE) of low and high intensity. Fourteen recreational athletes (7 men and 7 women; VO₂max = 35.7 ± 6.1 mlkg^–1min^–1) performed a bout of continuous and a bout of interval exercise (IE) both consisted of 5-min cycling at low intensity [80% of the power output (W) of the predetermined gas exchange threshold (GET) (80%W_GET)] and 5-min cycling at high intensity {W_GET plus the work rate corresponding to 50% of the difference between peak power output (PPO) at oxygen uptake (VO₂max) test and the W_GET [W_GET + 0.50 Δ(PPO – W_GET)]}. CE compared to IE induced significant higher heart rate and ventilation as well as significant higher levels of mouth occlusion pressure for 0.1 s (P_0.1) (P < 0.05) during low and high intensities. Our results indicate that CE stimulates respiration more than IE when the exercise is performed at the same relative intensity.  相似文献   

一种可以实现稳定单细胞包裹的无进样器的微流控平台     

范蓓媛  刘力行  李秀锋  陈德勇  王文会  王军波  陈健 《中国科学院大学学报》2020,37(3):336-344

液滴单细胞包裹技术是实现单细胞研究的有效方法。采用负压作为驱动力包裹单细胞，不再需要常规实验中会引起细胞吸附和降低单细胞包裹率的进样器和管路。在细胞悬浮溶液中加入碘克沙醇溶液调整溶液密度，进一步改善细胞沉降问题。研究负压大小和T型沟道几何尺寸对液滴频率和体积的影响以及碘克沙醇调整溶液密度后对单细胞包裹率的影响。该微流控平台可实现稳定的单细胞包裹，并为单细胞分析提供有利工具。  相似文献   

Acute cardiovascular responses to interval exercise: A systematic review and meta-analysis     

Kym Joanne Price  Brett Ashley Gordon  Stephen Richard Bird  Amanda Clare Benson 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(9):970-984

ABSTRACT

Interval exercise training is increasingly recommended to improve health and fitness; however, it is not known if cardiovascular risk is different from continuous exercise protocols. This systematic review with meta-analyses assessed the effect of a single bout of interval exercise on cardiovascular responses that indicate risk of cardiac fibrillation and infarction compared to continuous exercise. Electronic databases Medline, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane were searched. Key inclusion criteria were: (1) intervals of the same intensity and duration followed by a recovery period and (2) reporting at least one of blood pressure, heart rate variability, arterial stiffness or function. Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and GRADE approach were used. Meta-analyses found that systolic blood pressure responses to interval exercise did not differ from responses to continuous exercise immediately (MD 8 mmHg [95% CI ?32, 47], p = 0.71) or at 60 min following exercise (MD 0 mmHg [95% CI ?2, 1], p = 0.79). However, reductions in diastolic blood pressure and flow-mediated dilation with interval exercise were observed 10–15 min post-exercise. The available evidence indicates that interval exercise does not convey higher cardiovascular risk than continuous exercise. Further investigation is required to establish the safety of interval exercise for clinical populations.  相似文献   

竖向电渣压力焊施工操作方法特点     

王作俊 《中国科技信息》2006,(7):137-138

竖向电渣压力焊是一种综合效益极好的技术,具有焊接工艺操作简单、速度快、成本低等特点,应在多层和高层框架结构竖向钢筋连接中大力推行.  相似文献   

利益相关压力、环境创新与企业的成长研究     

廖中举 《科学学与科学技术管理》2016,(7):34-41

针对面临各类利益相关者压力时,企业是否会进行环境创新,而环境创新是否有利于企业的成长的问题,以及为最终揭示出"压力—行为—绩效"之间的逻辑关系,选取长三角地区279家制造行业的企业作为研究对象,采用结构方程模型对利益相关者压力、环境创新与企业成长三者之间的关系进行了实证分析,结果发现:政府压力和行业压力对企业的环境创新具有正向影响;在大规模企业中,环境创新有利于企业的成长,而在小规模中,环境创新的影响作用并不显著;在不同规模的企业中,政府压力和行业压力均对企业的成长具有正向促进作用,而在小规模企业中,社会压力会抑制企业的成长。  相似文献   

噪声应激对血压及心率变异性的影响     

胡军祥  杨琼霞  黄佩龙  朱栋奎  姜玉新 《科技通报》2007,23(5):681-683,740

对被试者分别进行80dB和100dB的噪声刺激，并在第1、5、10、15和20d测定被试者的动脉血压和心电图，并分析心率变异性变化。实验结果表明：噪声应激使被试者的收缩压升高，心率加快．但对舒张压影响不明显，心率变异性频谱分析显示，高频成分、低频成分增大，而R-R间期减小，而且100dB的作用比80dB显著。提示噪声应激对人体心血管系统的活动有明显的影响。  相似文献   

企业绿色创新驱动因素研究——基于资源型企业的实证     

马媛  侯贵生  尹华 《科学学与科学技术管理》2016,(4):98-105

侧重于外部商业环境对企业绿色创新的影响,提出了企业绿色创新的5个驱动因素。以资源型企业为样本,在137份有效问卷的基础上,运用SPSS17.0软件及逐步多元回归方法实证检验了驱动效果。结果表明利益相关者的压力、外部网络支撑、创新的不确定性、政策预期和管理者的机会感知会渐次影响到企业的绿色创新,共解释了绿色创新变动的58.1%。将绿色创新划分为产品、过程和管理3种表现,按照驱动难度由小到大依次为管理、产品和过程。  相似文献