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对牛蒡子形态特征及营养成分进行了测定,以期为牛蒡子的鉴别、贮藏及开发利用提供基础资料.结果表明:①牛蒡子为瘦果,长倒卵形,灰褐色,带黑色斑点,有数条纵棱.果实长×宽×厚为6.04 mm ×2.68mm×1.52 mm,单粒质量为13.48 mg.②牛蒡子果皮坚硬,内含种子1枚,为双子叶无胚乳种子.③牛蒡子中蛋白质的质量分数为131 mg/g;可溶性糖的质量分数为44.7 mg/g;粗脂肪的质量分数为39.1 mg/g;还含有K,Ca,Mg,Na,Fe,Mn,Zn,Cu等矿质元素,且K,Ca,Mg,Na的含量明显高于其它矿质元素.④牛蒡子种子发芽率为96%,在28℃恒温箱中约需5d便可萌发,为子叶出土幼苗.  相似文献   
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Artificial surfaces are now an established alternative to grass (natural) surfaces in rugby union. Little is known, however, about their potential to reduce injury. This study characterises the spinal kinematics of rugby union hookers during scrummaging on third-generation synthetic (3G) and natural pitches. The spine was sectioned into five segments, with inertial sensors providing three-dimensional kinematic data sampled at 40 Hz/sensor. Twenty-two adult, male community club and university-level hookers were recruited. An equal number were analysed whilst scrummaging on natural or synthetic turf. Players scrummaging on synthetic turf demonstrated less angular velocity in the lower thoracic spine for right and left lateral bending and right rotation. The general reduction in the range of motion and velocities, extrapolated over a prolonged playing career, may mean that the synthetic turf could result in fewer degenerative injuries. It should be noted, however, that this conclusion considers only the scrummaging scenario.  相似文献   
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This article describes the introduction of a virtual microscope (VM) that has allowed preclinical histology teaching to be fashioned to better suit the needs of approximately 900 undergraduate students per year studying medicine, dentistry, or veterinary science at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom. Features of the VM implementation include: (1) the facility for students and teachers to make annotations on the digital slides; (2) in‐house development of VM‐based quizzes that are used for both formative and summative assessments; (3) archiving of teaching materials generated each year, enabling students to access their personalized learning resources throughout their programs; and (4) retention of light microscopy capability alongside the VM. Student feedback on the VM is particularly positive about its ease of use, the value of the annotation tool, the quizzes, and the accessibility of all components off‐campus. Analysis of login data indicates considerable, although variable, use of the VM by students outside timetabled teaching. The median number of annual logins per student account for every course exceeded the number of timetabled histology classes for that course (1.6–3.5 times). The total number of annual student logins across all cohorts increased from approximately 9,000 in the year 2007–2008 to 22,000 in the year 2010–2011. The implementation of the VM has improved teaching and learning in practical classes within the histology laboratory and facilitated consolidation and revision of material outside the laboratory. Discussion is provided of some novel strategies that capitalize on the benefits of introducing a VM, as well as strategies adopted to overcome some potential challenges. Anat Sci Educ 7: 389–398. © 2013 American Association of Anatomists.  相似文献   
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采用磁控溅射方法在Si片沉积了Ti-50.9at%Ni形状记忆合金薄膜,并将薄膜分别在不同温度下进行退火.利用示差扫描量热方法(DSC)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)研究了薄膜退火前后形貌、相变特征及应力随退火温度的变化.实验结果表明:溅射态薄膜为非晶态,其晶化温度范围为430℃-535℃,晶化同时伴随着Ti3Ni4相的析出;退火后的薄膜随着退火温度的升高,Rs、Af、Ms均呈上升趋势.薄膜的残余应力随着退火温度的增加而逐渐减少.  相似文献   
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Monitoring of student learning through systematic formative assessment is important for adjusting pedagogical strategies. However, traditional formative assessments, such as quizzes and written assignments, may not be sufficiently timely for making adjustments to a learning process. Technology supported formative assessment tools assess student knowledge, allow for immediate feedback, facilitate classroom dialogues, and have the potential to modify student learning strategies. As an attempt to integrate technology supported formative assessment in the laboratory section of an upper‐level histology course, the interactive application Learning CatalyticsTM, a cloud‐based assessment system, was used. This study conducted during the 2015 Histology courses at Cornell University concluded that this application is helpful for identifying student misconceptions “on‐the‐go,” engaging otherwise marginalized students, and forming a new communication venue between students and instructors. There was no overall difference between grades from topics that used the application and grades from those that did not, and students reported that it only slightly helped improve their understanding of the topic (3.8 ± 0.99 on a five‐point Likert scale). However, they highly recommended using it (4.2 ± 0.71). The major limitation was regarding the image display and graphical resolution of this application. Even though students embrace the use of technology, 39% reported benefits of having the traditional light microscope available. This cohort of students led instructors to conclude that the newest tools are not always better, but rather can complement traditional instruction methods. Anat Sci Educ 10: 328–338. © 2016 American Association of Anatomists.  相似文献   
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通过整理《论语》中的复音词,以此为基础进行分类、研究,说明判断复音词的方法,主要考察复音词词义的来源和过程中发现的问题,以及复音词的内部结构。  相似文献   
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金纳米粒子(AuNPs),其直径在1100 nm范围内,具有很好的稳定性、灵敏的光学特性、易进行表面修饰以及良好的生物相容性.本文重点介绍了AuNPs的制备发展过程、制备方法、形貌和应用前景.  相似文献   
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