Suffering in sport: why people willingly embrace negative emotional experiences     

Michael S. Brady 《体育哲学杂志》2019,46(2):115-128

ABSTRACT

Nearly everyone agrees that physical pain is bad. Indeed, if anything merits the status of a platitude in our everyday thinking about value, the idea that pain is bad surely does. Equally, it seems clearly true that emotional suffering – despair, loneliness, grief, disappointment, guilt, shame, lovesickness, and the like – are all bad as well. We are strongly inclined to pity and feel sorry for those who suffer emotionally in these ways; we are motivated, at least some of the time, to do what we can to alleviate their suffering. Given this, it might seem curious that pain and suffering are so integral to sport – whether one is a participant or a spectator. There’s nothing particularly puzzling about pain and suffering that is inadvertently related to sport – as when an athlete injures her hamstring and has to miss her chance at Olympic glory, or when supporters face the misery of getting up at 6am because an away game has been scheduled to start at noon. But there does seem to be something curious about the extent to which pain and suffering are voluntarily embraced by participants and spectators, as the quotation from Nick Hornby aptly illustrates. Why do people willingly engage in something that brings about so much suffering? In this paper, I’ll attempt to answer this question.¹  相似文献   

Frequent sit-to-stand transitions and several short standing periods measured by hip-worn accelerometer are associated with smaller waist circumference among adults     

Pauliina Husu  Jaana Suni  Kari Tokola  Henri Vähä-Ypyä  Heli Valkeinen  Tomi Mäki-Opas 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(16):1840-1848

This cross-sectional study analysed the association of sedentary behaviour (SB) and standing with waist circumference. Finnish adults aged 30-75 years from a sub-sample of population-based Health 2011 Study used a hip-worn tri-axial accelerometer (Hookie AM20, Traxmeet, Ltd, Espoo, Finland) for seven days. Those 1405 participants (57% women) who used accelerometer at least four days, minimum of 10 hours/day, were included. SB and standing were analysed in 6s epochs using validated algorithm. Daily total time, daily number and accumulated time from bouts (30s–5min,30s–10min,30s–15min,30s 30min,>5min,>10min,>15min, >30min) as well as daily number of sit-to-stand transitions were determined. Waist circumference (cm) was measured in standardized way. Participants’ mean age was 52 years (SD 12.2). Mean waist circumference was 97cm (SD 12.3) in men and 87cm (SD 12.7) in women. According to multivariable stepwise linear regression analysis, sit-to-stand transitions [standardised regression coefficient (β)= -0.14, 95%CI -0.20 to -0.09], standing bouts of 30s–5min (β= -0.21, 95%CI -0.26 to -0.15) and number of 30s-30min SB bouts (β=0.12, 95%CI 0.06 to 0.17) were most strongly associated with waist circumference. Besides assessing total SB time, future studies should assess also different bout lengths of SB and sit-to-stand transitions and standing times should be assessed separately.  相似文献   

Press Credentials and Hybrid Boundary Zones: The Case of WorldNetDaily and the Standing Committee of Correspondents     

Jordan M. Foley 《Journalism Practice》2020,14(8):933-953

ABSTRACT

Press credentialing practices are a vital, yet understudied site of scholarly research on journalistic norms and practices. Press credentialing not only structures internal professional hierarchies, but they also signify the boundaries of the journalistic field itself. This paper explores the legal and theoretical implications of press credentialing to cover the United States Congress, drawing on the concepts of boundary work and journalistic authority to demonstrate the material impact of the space between fields on professional legitimation in journalism. Using WorldNetDaily (WND) as a case study, I argue that the Standing Committee of Correspondents (SCC) occupies a hybrid boundary zone between the journalistic and political fields, generating a unique tension in First Amendment jurisprudence that places journalists in a paradoxical role as both the professional embodiments of free speech and its constitutional steward. The resulting jurisdictional conflict between the SCC and WND extends the relational model of journalistic authority by articulating how journalist-state relations can fundamentally augment the process of legitimation at its fuzzy boundaries. The relevance and implications for press credentialing practices in the digital age are discussed.  相似文献   

There’s something about Mary: The moral value of things <Emphasis Type="Italic">qua</Emphasis> information objects     

Kenneth?Einar?HimmaEmail author 《Ethics and Information Technology》2004,6(3):145-159

Luciano Floridi argues that every existing entity is deserving of at least minimal moral respect in virtue of having intrinsic value qua information object. In this essay, I attempt a comprehensive assessment of this important view as well as the arguments Floridi offers in support of it. I conclude both that the arguments are insufficient and that the thesis itself is substantively implausible from the standpoint of ordinary intuitions.  相似文献   

二能级原子在高斯驻波中所受辐射力     

敖胜美  曾高坚 《湖南师范大学教育科学学报》1996,(5)

计算在高斯分布的弱电磁驻波中沿Ｚ轴方向运动的二能级原子所受的辐射力，并讨论近共振情况下高斯驻波对原子的作用．说明下失谐（△＜０）时，高斯驻波有可能冷却和囚禁二能级原子．  相似文献   

行政法治视野中的"聘任县长"--关于县人大常委会"聘任"副县长行为的反思     

何景春 《湖北广播电视大学学报》2006,23(1):110-112

国家公务员产生中的聘任制是行政机关通过聘任方式将非国家公务员系统的公民录用为国家公务员的制度。县级人大常委会作为聘任国家公务员的适格主体,于法无据。强调“特殊环境下的特殊形式”,是对法治行政的极大的破坏,既不符合科学发展观,也与政治文明相背离。  相似文献   

Superior short-term learning effect of visual and sensory organisation ability when sensory information is unreliable in adolescent rhythmic gymnasts     

Hui-Ya Chen  Hsiao-Yun Chang  Yan-Ying Ju  Hung-Ting Tsao 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(12):1197-1203

Rhythmic gymnasts specialise in dynamic balance under sensory conditions of numerous somatosensory, visual, and vestibular stimulations. This study investigated whether adolescent rhythmic gymnasts are superior to peers in Sensory Organisation test (SOT) performance, which quantifies the ability to maintain standing balance in six sensory conditions, and explored whether they plateaued faster during familiarisation with the SOT. Three and six sessions of SOTs were administered to 15 female rhythmic gymnasts (15.0 ± 1.8 years) and matched peers (15.1 ± 2.1 years), respectively. The gymnasts were superior to their peers in terms of fitness measures, and their performance was better in the SOT equilibrium score when visual information was unreliable. The SOT learning effects were shown in more challenging sensory conditions between Sessions 1 and 2 and were equivalent in both groups; however, over time, the gymnasts gained marginally significant better visual ability and relied less on visual sense when unreliable. In conclusion, adolescent rhythmic gymnasts have generally the same sensory organisation ability and learning rates as their peers. However, when visual information is unreliable, they have superior sensory organisation ability and learn faster to rely less on visual sense.  相似文献   

林中枯立木对大斑啄木鸟生存繁衍的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

郑丽颖  温俊宝 《绥化学院学报》2008,28(6)

文章以内蒙古乌拉特前旗一个啄木鸟观察地为研究对象,从大斑啄木鸟的取食、营巢、活动空间、传递信息等角度进行观察。结果表明林内枯立木是大斑啄木鸟生存繁衍的重要因子。  相似文献   

研究性课程目标的价值选择与观念误区     

程振响 《培训与研究》2002,19(6):80-82

研究性课程作为一种新的课程形态，既涉及到课程目标的取向。又涉及到课程目标的价值选择，因此，准确定位研究性课程的目标，正确作出课程目标的价值选择。克服研究性课程在开发与实施中的各种观念误区，是当前乃至今后中小学研究性课程开发与实施的首要前提。  相似文献   

声速测量实验仪器和方法的改进   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈金坤 《福建师大福清分校学报》2002,(2):64-66

通过对声速测量的三种方法进行比较，得出肜共鸣管驻波法测量声速，学生最易操作，但实验中出现的二个问题，本将对其实验仪器和实验方法提出改进，加以修正，从而得到很好的实验效果。  相似文献