What factors promote student resilience on a level 1 distance learning module?     

Joan Simons  Kythe Beaumont  Lesley Holland 《Open Learning》2018,33(1):4-17

Resilience is understood to be the ability to adapt positively in the face of adversity. In relation to new students on a distance learning module, this can mean how they adapt and make sense of the demands of their chosen study to enable them to persist in their studies. This article reports a small-scale study involving semi-structured telephone interviews with students on a level 1 distance learning module at the UK Open University. Students identified the challenges they experienced such as carving out time to study alongside other commitments, as well as developing their academic writing. Students also identified factors that enabled them to adapt to these challenges and be successful in continuing to study. Students rated highly the support they received from tutors in the form of tailored, detailed feedback on their assignments. Other factors that enabled students to persist in their studies were time management, self-belief and motivation.  相似文献   

ActivPAL™ determined sedentary behaviour,physical activity and academic achievement in college students     

Mireia Felez-Nobrega  Charles H. Hillman  Kieran P. Dowd  Eva Cirera  Anna Puig-Ribera 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(20):2311-2316

The aim of this study was to examine relationships between activPAL?-determined sedentary behavior (SB) and physical activity (PA) with academic achievement. A total of 120 undergraduates (N = 57 female; 20.6 ± 2.3 years) participated in the study. Academic achievement was measured as the grade point average obtained from all completed courses. Participants wore on the right tight an activPAL? for 7 days to determine total sedentary time, total number of sedentary breaks, sedentary bouts, standing time, light and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Separate multiple linear regression models were performed to examine associations between SB variables and academic achievement. Light PA, MVPA, total sedentary time, total standing time, or total number of sedentary breaks were not related to academic achievement. Independently of PA, the amount of time spent in sedentary bouts of 10-20min during weekdays was positively related to academic achievement. Given that college students spend the majority of their workday in environments that encourage prolonged sitting, these data suggest that interruptions in prolonged periods of sitting time every 10-20min via short breaks may optimize cognitive operations associated with academic performance.  相似文献   

基于多系数保角变换法的船舶垂荡纵摇运动仿真     

张腾  任俊生  范小晴  张秀凤 《上海海事大学学报》2019,40(3):51-56

为给航海模拟器建立实用可靠的船舶在波浪中运动的数学模型,基于二维线性势流理论,采用多系数保角变换法对每个船舶横剖面进行高精度拟合,计算各个横剖面的水动力系数和波浪激励力,利用Visual Studio自主开发出船舶在规则波中的纵向运动数值模拟程序。为验证这个数值模拟程序的可靠性,对S175集装箱船在迎浪中运动的幅值响应因子(response amplitude operator, RAO)进行数值计算。结果表明:当弗劳德数为0.275时,RAO计算结果在大部分频率范围内与试验结果吻合良好。因此,这个数值模拟程序能准确地对船舶在波浪中的运动时历进行仿真。  相似文献   

短道速滑个人项目体力分配策略研究          下载免费PDF全文

袁国庆  李文敏  黄佳儒  杨扬  郭立涛  朱永博 《体育科研》2019,(3):2-7

目的：探析短道速滑个人项目两届冬奥会及冬奥会与世锦赛体力分配策略规律差异。方法：收集整理索契、平昌冬奥会，以及2014—2017年世锦赛短道速滑个人项目相关数据，分析单圈用时、肯德尔相关系数。结果：（1）冬奥会各单项单圈用时不同程度地少于世锦赛，平昌不同程度地少于索契；（2）除2016世锦赛500 m，其他赛事均全程具有显著相关（P＜0.05）；（3）除索契冬奥会女子1 000 m，其他赛事均较早出现显著相关（P＜0.05），平昌冬奥会男子与女子均在第7、8圈为高相关（r≥0.70）；（4）平昌冬奥会1 500 m男子第12、13圈，女子第13圈为高相关（r≥0.70），两者均从第9圈开始出现显著相关（P＜0.05）。结论：500 m出发位置尤为重要，高速滑行中稳固站位能力需求突出，冬奥会中对全程维持速度能力的要求逐步提高；冬奥会1 000 m与1 500 m比赛争夺有利位置战术的实施位置较以往更为靠后。  相似文献   

The influence of an afternoon nap on the endurance performance of trained runners     

Anthony W. Blanchfield  Tammy M. Lewis-Jones  James R. Wignall  James B. Roberts 《European Journal of Sport Science》2018,18(9):1177-1184

The effectiveness of a nap as a recovery strategy for endurance exercise is unknown and therefore the present study investigated the effect of napping on endurance exercise performance. Eleven trained male runners completed this randomised crossover study. On two occasions, runners completed treadmill running for 30?min at 75% ?O_2max in the morning, returning that evening to run for 20?min at 60% ?O_2max, and then to exhaustion at 90% ?O_2max. On one trial, runners had an afternoon nap approximately 90?min before the evening exercise (NAP) whilst on the other, runners did not (CON). All runners napped (20?±?10?min), but time to exhaustion (TTE) was not improved in all runners (NAP 596?±?148?s vs. CON 589?±?216?s, P?=?.83). Runners that improved TTE after the nap slept less at night than those that did not improve TTE (night-time sleep 6.4?±?0.7?h vs. 7.5?±?0.4?h, P?time sleep predicted change in TTE, indicating that runners sleeping least at night improved TTE the most after the nap compared to CON (r^{2 ?} =??0.76, P?=?.001). In runners that improved TTE, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were lower during the TTE on NAP than CON compared to runners that did not improve (?0.4?±?0.6 vs. 0?±?0, P?=?.05). Reduced exercising sense of effort (RPE) may account for the improved TTE after the nap. In conclusion, a short afternoon nap improves endurance performance in runners that obtain less than 7?h night-time sleep.  相似文献   

考虑充电和等待时间的集装箱码头AGV调度     

周小凡  苌道方  余芳  高银萍 《上海海事大学学报》2019,40(3):1-5

为提高自动化集装箱码头自动导引小车(automated guided vehicle,AGV)作业效率和利用率,考虑AGV的电量续航能力和重空载的耗电差异,在AGV任务选择时综合考虑任务距离和各任务紧急程度,并设置AGV充电结束条件以减少AGV排队等待的时间,建立以最小化完成任务总时间为目标的AGV调度模型。用Java进行实例求解。结果表明,对AGV采用多频次充电并将其允许工作电量百分比设定为71%时,完成任务总时间最短,耗电量最小,且AGV利用率较高。  相似文献   

我国技术市场发展的空间格局及其对经济增长的影响研究     

彭甲超  易明 《科技管理研究》2018,(14)

根据2003—2015年我国31个省份技术市场发展的基本数据,采用莫兰指数(Moran’s I)分析我国技术市场发展的时空分布特征,利用空间误差模型探究技术市场发展对经济增长的促进作用。研究发现:(1)2003—2015年间各省份技术市场发展存在显著的正向空间关系,但空间集聚程度有所减弱;(2)各省份技术市场发展的空间格局相对稳定,但空间差异显著性有所降低,临近省份技术市场成交额影响下的人均地区生产总值具有明显的集聚特点,各省份技术市场发展下的经济增长之间呈现显著的正向空间相关;(3)分类型技术市场发展模型中,技术服务对经济的产出弹性系数(0.4380)明显高于技术咨询的产出弹性(0.2754)。  相似文献   

Weekday–weekend variations in mother-/father–child physical activity and screen time relationship: A cross-sectional study in a random sample of Czech families with 5- to 12-year-old children     

Dagmar Sigmundová  Petr Badura  Erik Sigmund  Jens Bucksch 《European Journal of Sport Science》2018,18(8):1158-1167

This study assessed the associations between these factors in a random sample of Czech families with preschool and school-aged children. A nationally representative sample comprised 185 families with preschool children and 649 families with school-aged children (dyads; both parents and child n?=?365, mother and child n?=?730, and father and child n?=?469). The participants wore Yamax Digiwalker SW-200 pedometers at least four weekdays and both weekend days and completed family logbooks (anthropometric parameters, daily step counts (SC), and screen time (ST)). When a parent (fathers at weekends and mothers both on weekdays and at weekends) achieved 10,000 SC per day, their children were also significantly (OR?=?2.93–6.06, 95% CI?=?2.02–9.26) more likely to meet the daily SC recommendation. On the contrary, the involvement of fathers in organized leisure-time PA reduced their children's odds of meeting the SC recommendation on weekdays (OR?=?0.53, 95% CI?=?0.31–0.89) and at weekends (OR?=?0.41, 95% CI?=?0.24–0.72). The excessive ST of parents at weekends reduced the odds of their children meeting the SC recommendation (mother–child dyads: OR?=?0.44, 95% CI?=?0.26–0.72; father–child dyads: OR?=?0.63, 95% CI?=?0.37–1.06). High levels of parents’ PA contribute to the achievement of the recommended daily PA in children on weekdays and at weekends. Excessive weekend ST of parents reduces their odds of their children achieving the recommended daily PA; however, the influence of parents’ PA on their children’s achieving the recommended daily PA is stronger than the inhibitory effect of ST.  相似文献   

基于NSGAⅡ的带时间窗生鲜品配送路径优化     

李善俊  陈淮莉 《上海海事大学学报》2020,41(2):58-64

考虑到生鲜品的易腐性、高时效性和对运输环境要求高的特点,为减少生鲜品配送企业的配送成本,提高客户满意度,在车辆载重、时间窗、生鲜品保质期等约束条件下,提出将配送总成本最小化和生鲜品新鲜度最大化的多目标车辆路径优化模型。利用改进的非支配排序遗传算法(non-dominated sorting genetic algorithmⅡ,NSGAⅡ)对模型进行求解。求出满足配送总成本最小和生鲜品新鲜度最大的相对较优解,证明模型的有效性。该模型在大规模配送和客户地理位置分布较为分散的情况下,对生鲜品新鲜度的优化较为明显。  相似文献   

专利被引频次的时间影响研究     

罗文馨  赵亚娟 《图书情报工作》2019,63(9):47-60

[目的/意义]研究时间因素对专利被引频次的影响,可以减少时间因素对技术评价活动的制约,提高评价的准确性和可信度。[方法/过程]采集1975-2017年的美国专利数据,开展基于固定效应法的专利被引频次的修正研究。将专利按照不同公开年份和不同技术领域分组,选定组内均值和6个TOP分位数为被引频次基准,统计当前时间点的被引频次基准线及基准线的历史时序变化情况。建立神经网络模型,拟合基准线的时序变化规律,并预测未来统计时间点的基准线。[结果/结论]专利公开年份和统计年份的时间差异,使得专利被引频次无法直接进行比较。本文建立了基于不同技术领域、不同公开年份和不同统计年份的专利被引频次基准线,为专利评估提供参考。  相似文献