我国高危险性体育项目的立法缺陷及其完善     

汪全胜  宋琳璘  张奇 《武汉体育学院学报》2020,54(6):46-53

高危险性体育项目相对一般体育项目而言，是具有危险性大、专业技术性强、安全保障要求高等特点的体育活动。我国对高危险性体育项目有一定的法律规制，但存在顶层设计缺失、法律制度之间的冲突与不一致、可操作性不足等问题。这些制度缺陷产生的根源在于对立法必要性的认识不足、立法不作为，缺乏有效的立法监督机制等，现有制度的缺陷与不足会影响我国高危险性体育项目的发展，难以满足人们体育文化活动的需要。鉴于此，我国应逐步完善高危险性体育项目的法律规制，包括完善高危险性体育项目的审定主体，明确经营高危险性体育项目的主体范围、完善高危险性体育项目的行政许可条件、强化高危险体育项目行政监管以及风险防范等。  相似文献   

Acute cardiovascular responses to interval exercise: A systematic review and meta-analysis     

Kym Joanne Price  Brett Ashley Gordon  Stephen Richard Bird  Amanda Clare Benson 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(9):970-984

ABSTRACT

Interval exercise training is increasingly recommended to improve health and fitness; however, it is not known if cardiovascular risk is different from continuous exercise protocols. This systematic review with meta-analyses assessed the effect of a single bout of interval exercise on cardiovascular responses that indicate risk of cardiac fibrillation and infarction compared to continuous exercise. Electronic databases Medline, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane were searched. Key inclusion criteria were: (1) intervals of the same intensity and duration followed by a recovery period and (2) reporting at least one of blood pressure, heart rate variability, arterial stiffness or function. Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and GRADE approach were used. Meta-analyses found that systolic blood pressure responses to interval exercise did not differ from responses to continuous exercise immediately (MD 8 mmHg [95% CI ?32, 47], p = 0.71) or at 60 min following exercise (MD 0 mmHg [95% CI ?2, 1], p = 0.79). However, reductions in diastolic blood pressure and flow-mediated dilation with interval exercise were observed 10–15 min post-exercise. The available evidence indicates that interval exercise does not convey higher cardiovascular risk than continuous exercise. Further investigation is required to establish the safety of interval exercise for clinical populations.  相似文献   

基于再制造闭环供应链视角的低碳减排研究     

史成东 《科技管理研究》2018,(10)

以一个销售商驱动的低碳再制造闭环供应链为研究对象,用均值-方差刻画风险特性,分析研究低碳产品市场和废旧低碳产品市场均为随机市场需求情境下、零和博弈和集中决策下闭环供应链中,低碳产品销售价、交易价格、低碳废旧产品回收价格等变量和节点企业期望效用及整个链条期望效用的变化规律。研究表明:零和博弈下低碳闭环供应链未能实现优化和协调。最后,设计正向渠道收益共享、逆向渠道风险共担契约,实现低碳再制造闭环供应链的协调,并通过数值仿真和灵敏度分析验证该模型的有效性及实用性。  相似文献   

Bayesian reasoning in avalanche terrain: a theoretical investigation     

Philip A. Ebert 《Journal of Adventure Education & Outdoor Learning》2019,19(1):84-95

In this article, I explore a Bayesian approach to avalanche decision-making. I motivate this perspective by highlighting a version of the base-rate fallacy and show that a similar pattern applies to decision-making in avalanche-terrain. I then draw out three theoretical lessons from adopting a Bayesian approach and discuss these lessons critically. Lastly, I highlight a number of challenges for avalanche educators when incorporating the Bayesian perspective in their curriculum.  相似文献   

S-O-R视角下社会化商务意愿的实证研究     

甘春梅  林恬恬  肖晨  许嘉仪 《现代情报》2018,38(9):64

为了深入揭示社会化商务用户行为的内在机理，以S-O-R模型为基础，构建理论模型，以探讨人际互动、社会支持对信任及其社会化商务意愿的影响。通过问卷方式搜集339份有效样本，并采用结构方程模型进行数据分析。结果显示，基于能力、诚实与善意的信任均显著影响社会化商务用户的购物意愿和分享意愿；感知专业性显著影响基于能力、善意和诚实的信任，而感知相似性则显著影响基于能力和善意的信任。此外，信息支持显著影响基于能力和善意的信任，而情感支持显著影响基于能力的信任。  相似文献   

电网项目海外投资案例研究与风险识别     

郭莉  王朋  方向  张旺 《科技管理研究》2018,(18)

在分析电网项目海外投资现状的基础上,以两个典型的电网海外投资项目为例,分析和梳理在投资过程中潜在风险因素,并结合现有相关文献,构建电网项目海外投资风险指标体系。在此基础上面向电网海外投资专家和相关研究人员,针对风险的发生可能性、造成损失水平和可控制性等三方面进行问卷调查及统计分析工作,风险水平的计算引入脆弱性理论,进而明确各风险因素的重要性排序,为电网项目海外投资过程中的风险管理提供一定的参考意义。  相似文献   

Institutional shaping of research priorities: A case study on avian influenza     

Matthew L. Wallace  Ismael Ràfols 《Research Policy》2018,47(10):1975-1989

Since outbreaks in 2003, avian influenza has received a considerable amount of funding and become a controversial science policy issue in various respects. Like in many other global and multidisciplinary societal problems fraught with high levels of uncertainty, a variety of perspectives have emerged over how to “tackle” avian influenza and public voices have expressed concern over how research funds are being allocated. In this article, we document if and how research agendas are being informed by public policy debates. We use qualitative and quantitative approaches to examine the relations between expectations of outcomes of public science and the existing research landscape. Interviews with a cross-section of stakeholders reveal a wide range of perspectives and values associated with the nature and objectives of existing research avenues. We find that the landscape of public avian influenza research is not directly driven by expectations of societal outcomes. Instead, it is shaped by three institutional drivers: pharmaceutical industry priorities, publishing and public research funding pressures, and the mandates of science-based policy or public health organizations. These insights suggest that, in research prioritization, funding agencies should embrace a broad perspective of research governance that explicitly considers underlying institutional drivers. Deliberative approaches in public priority setting might help to make agendas more plural and diverse and thus more responsive to the contested and uncertain nature of avian influenza research.  相似文献   

Teaching for understanding and school sport: a study in an intercultural context and situation of social risk / Enseñanza para la comprensión y deporte escolar: un estudio en contexto intercultural y situación de riesgo social     

Bastian Carter-Thuillier  Víctor López-Pastor  Francisco Gallardo-Fuentes 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2018,41(3):491-535

This study analyses the integration of Mapuche-Huilliche students who participate in a school sport programme based on the teaching for understanding model in a situation of social risk. In this context, 41 students (aged nine to 12) participate, 24 of whom are from the aforementioned ethnic group. To collect data, participant observation was conducted for eight months and group and individual interviews were held. The results show that the Mapuche-Huilliche students recognize themselves as members of the same collective when participating in games associated with their ethnic group. Their main motives for participating in school sport are the teaching approach and the acquisition of social capital. Cooperative learning activities are shown to foster positive interactions with non-Mapuche students.  相似文献   

面向政治安全的网络谣言生态治理研究     

李昊青 《现代情报》2018,38(10):43-50

[目的/意义]旨在探究网络谣言传播中的政治安全风险特征、演化机理以及生态治理对策等问题，以期为网络政治安全风险防控提供理论依据，进一步丰富完善网络谣言治理理论。[方法/过程]基于舆情生态和风险治理理论，通过分析网络谣言传播中的政治安全风险特征和演化机理，建立网络谣言生态治理模型，进而提出面向政治安全的网络谣言生态治理的主要对策。[结果/结论]面向政治安全的网络谣言生态治理，可从整体治理、主体联动、风险防控、环境优化等维度，通过建立网络谣言生态治理体系、提高信息主体网络政治素养、构建全过程安全风险防控体系、健全网络空间安全法制体系等途径进行综合施策和整体推进。  相似文献   

An integrated view of particularized trust in social commerce: An empirical investigation     

《International Journal of Information Management》2019

With the prevalence of social media and social networking, social commerce is becoming increasingly popular in both business and research areas. As in other types of e-commerce context, trust is also indispensable in social commerce. In this study, two types of trust have been discussed. This study represents an initial attempt to provide an integrated view of particularized trust in social commerce, including particularized trust antecedents, trust transfer and trust performance, so as to promote trust formation in social commerce. Using data collected from 614 social commerce users, we demonstrate that trust disposition, quality-assured shared information, familiarity and endorsement by other members are four antecedents of particularized trust. The results also indicate particularized trust can be transferred into system trust, and particularized trust only exerts positive effect on social WOM intention while system trust only exerts positive effect on social shopping intention. Furthermore, we prove perceived similarity can strengthen the relationship between trust disposition and particularized trust as well as the relationship between quality-assured shared information and particularized trust.  相似文献